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Published online on April 17, 2006, 10.1073/pnas.0506958103

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Cell Biology
Mapping the Arabidopsis organelle proteome

( endomembrane | localization of organelle proteins by isotope tagging | isotope tags for relative and absolute quantitation | organelle proteomics )

Tom P. J. Dunkley *, Svenja Hester *, Ian P. Shadforth {dagger}, John Runions {ddagger}, Thilo Weimar *, Sally L. Hanton {sect}, Julian L. Griffin *, Conrad Bessant {dagger}, Federica Brandizzi {sect}, Chris Hawes {ddagger}, Rod B. Watson ¶, Paul Dupree *, and Kathryn S. Lilley *||

*Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom; {dagger}Department of Analytical Science and Informatics, Cranfield University, Silsoe MK45 4DT, United Kingdom; {ddagger}Research School of Biological and Molecular Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, United Kingdom; {sect}Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E2; and Applied Biosystems, Lingley House, 120 Birchwood Boulevard, Warrington WA3 7QH, United Kingdom

Edited by Randy Schekman, University of California, Berkeley, CA, and approved February 27, 2006 (received for review August 11, 2005)

A challenging task in the study of the secretory pathway is the identification and localization of new proteins to increase our understanding of the functions of different organelles. Previous proteomic studies of the endomembrane system have been hindered by contaminating proteins, making it impossible to assign proteins to organelles. Here we have used the localization of organelle proteins by the isotope tagging technique in conjunction with isotope tags for relative and absolute quantitation and 2D liquid chromatography for the simultaneous assignment of proteins to multiple subcellular compartments. With this approach, the density gradient distributions of 689 proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana were determined, enabling confident and simultaneous localization of 527 proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vacuolar membrane, plasma membrane, or mitochondria and plastids. This parallel analysis of endomembrane components has enabled protein steady-state distributions to be determined. Consequently, genuine organelle residents have been distinguished from contaminating proteins and proteins in transit through the secretory pathway.


Author contributions: T.P.J.D., P.D., and K.S.L. designed research; T.P.J.D., S.H., J.R., T.W., S.L.H., and F.B. performed research; I.P.S., C.B., and R.B.W. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; T.P.J.D., J.L.G., C.H., and P.D. analyzed data; and T.P.J.D. and K.S.L. wrote the paper.

Conflict of interest statement: No conflicts declared.

||To whom correspondence should be addressed.

Kathryn S. Lilley, E-mail: k.s.lilley{at}bioc.cam.ac.uk

www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0506958103
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