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Published online on October 3, 2005, 10.1073/pnas.0507250102

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Developmental Biology
Long-term renewal of hair follicles from clonogenic multipotent stem cells

( skin | transplantation )

Stéphanie Claudinot, Michael Nicolas, Hideo Oshima *, Ariane Rochat {dagger}{ddagger}, and Yann Barrandon {dagger}{ddagger}

Laboratory of Stem Cell Dynamics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

Communicated by Howard Green, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, August 19, 2005 (received for review June 24, 2005)

Adult stem cells are essential for tissue renewal, regeneration, and repair, and their expansion in culture is of paramount importance for regenerative medicine. Using the whisker follicle of the rat as a model system, we demonstrate that (i) clonogenicity is an intrinsic property of the adult stem cells of the hair follicle; (ii) after cultivation for >140 doublings, these stem cells, transplanted to the dermo-epidermal junction of newborn mouse skin, form part or all of the developing follicles; (iii) the stem cells incorporated into follicles are multipotent, because they generate all of the lineages of the hair follicle and sebaceous gland; (iv) thousands of hair follicles can be generated from the progeny of a single cultivated stem cell; (v) cultured stem cells express the self-renewal genes Bmi1 and Zfp145; (vi) several stem cells participate in the formation of a single hair bulb; and (vii) there are many more stem cells in whisker follicles than could be anticipated from label-retaining experiments.

Author contributions: A.R. and Y.B. designed research; S.C., M.N., H.O., A.R., and Y.B. performed research; S.C., M.N., A.R., and Y.B. analyzed data; and A.R. and Y.B. wrote the paper.

*Present address: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto 860-0008, Japan.

{dagger}A.R. and Y.B. contributed equally to this work.

{ddagger}To whom correspondence may be addressed.

Ariane Rochat, E-mail: ariane.rochat{at}chuv.ch
Yann Barrandon, E-mail: yann.barrandon{at}epfl.ch

www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0507250102
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