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( microarray |
transcriptome |
tumorigenesis )
*Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, and Medical Genetics and Cancer Comprehensive Center, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210;
Contributed by Carlo M. Croce, December 9, 2005 Small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) can contribute to cancer development and progression and are differentially expressed in normal tissues and cancers. From a large-scale miRnome analysis on 540 samples including lung, breast, stomach, prostate, colon, and pancreatic tumors, we identified a solid cancer miRNA signature composed by a large portion of overexpressed miRNAs. Among these miRNAs are some with well characterized cancer association, such as miR-17-5p, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-92, miR-106a, and miR-155. The predicted targets for the differentially expressed miRNAs are significantly enriched for protein-coding tumor suppressors and oncogenes (P < 0.0001). A number of the predicted targets, including the tumor suppressors RB1 (Retinoblastoma 1) and TGFBR2 (transforming growth factor, beta receptor II) genes were confirmed experimentally. Our results indicate that miRNAs are extensively involved in cancer pathogenesis of solid tumors and support their function as either dominant or recessive cancer genes.
Genetics
A microRNA expression signature of human solid tumors defines cancer gene targets

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Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892;
Telethon Facility-Data Mining for Analysis of DNA Microarrays, Department of Morphology and Embryology, and ¶Department of Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine and Interdepartmental Center for Cancer Research, University of Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy; ||Department of Pathology, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy; and **Department of Histopathology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, and University of Rome "La Sapienza," 00185 Rome, Italy
Author contributions: S.V., G.A.C., C.-G.L., and C.M.C. designed research; S.V., G.A.C., C.-G.L., A.C., F.P., R.V., and M.V.I. performed research; S.V., G.A.C., C.-G.L., S.A., C.R., M.F., R.L.P., N.Y., G.L., A.S., A.V., M.N., and C.C.H. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; S.V. and G.A.C. analyzed data; and S.V., G.A.C., and C.M.C. wrote the paper.
Conflict of interest statement: No conflicts declared.
S.V. and G.A.C. contributed equally to this work.

To whom correspondence should be addressed.
www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0510565103
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