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Vol. 93, Issue 2, 705-708, January 23, 1996 (pregnancy / chimerism / CD34 / CD38)
Divisions of * Genetics and Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital
and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02155; and Communicated by Leonard A. Herzenberg, Stanford University School
of Medicine, Stanford, CA, October 11, 1995 (received for review June 5, 1995)
Rare nucleated fetal cells circulate within maternal blood.
Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis by isolation and genetic analysis of
these cells is currently being undertaken. We sought to determine if
genetic evidence existed for persistent circulation of fetal cells from
prior pregnancies. Venous blood samples were obtained from 32 pregnant
women and 8 nonpregnant women who had given birth to males 6 months to
27 years earlier. Mononuclear cells were sorted by flow cytometry using
antibodies to CD antigens 3, 4, 5, 19, 23, 34, and 38. DNA within
sorted cells, amplified by PCR for Y chromosome sequences, was
considered predictive of a male fetus or evidence of persistent male
fetal cells. In the 32 pregnancies, male DNA was detected in 13 of 19 women carrying a male fetus. In 4 of 13 pregnancies with female
fetuses, male DNA was also detected. All of the 4 women had prior
pregnancies; 2 of the 4 had prior males and the other 2 had
terminations of pregnancy. In 6 of the 8 nonpregnant women, male DNA
was detected in CD34+CD38+ cells, even in a
woman who had her last son 27 years prior to blood sampling. Our data
demonstrate the continued maternal circulation of fetal
CD34+ or CD34+CD38+ cells from a
prior pregnancy. The prolonged persistence of fetal progenitor cells
may represent a human analogue of the microchimerism described in the
mouse and may have significance in development of tolerance of the
fetus. Pregnancy may thus establish a long-term, low-grade chimeric
state in the human female.
0027-8424/96/93705-4/0
Medical Sciences
Male fetal progenitor cells persist in maternal blood for as long
as 27 years postpartum
,
,,,
Departments
of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, New England Medical Center
and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
Present address: New England Medical Center, Box
394, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111.
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