Submit Papers Directly to PNAS via Track II Sign up for PNAS Online eTocs
Link: Info for AuthorsLink: Editorial BoardLink: AboutLink: SubscribeLink: AdvertiseLink: ContactLink: Sitemap Link: PNAS Home
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Link: Current Issue "" Link: Archives "" Link: Online Submission ""  Link: Advanced Search



This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a colleague
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My File Cabinet
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Copyright Permission
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (330)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Fahey, J. W.
Right arrow Articles by Talalay, P.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Fahey, J. W.
Right arrow Articles by Talalay, P.
Right arrowPubmed/NCBI databases
*Compound via MeSH
*Substance via MeSH
Hazardous Substances DB
*7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ(A)ANTHRACENE
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg  
What's this?

 Previous Article  | Table of Contents |  Next Article 

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
Vol. 94, pp. 10367-10372, September 1997
Medical Sciences

Broccoli sprouts: An exceptionally rich source of inducers of enzymes that protect against chemical carcinogens

(chemoprotection / glucosinolates / isothiocyanates / sulforaphane / glucoraphanin)

Jed W. Fahey, Yuesheng Zhang, and Paul Talalay

Brassica Chemoprotection Laboratory and Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205

Contributed by Paul Talalay, July 3, 1997

Induction of phase 2 detoxication enzymes [e.g., glutathione transferases, epoxide hydrolase, NAD(P)H: quinone reductase, and glucuronosyltransferases] is a powerful strategy for achieving protection against carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, and other forms of toxicity of electrophiles and reactive forms of oxygen. Since consumption of large quantities of fruit and vegetables is associated with a striking reduction in the risk of developing a variety of malignancies, it is of interest that a number of edible plants contain substantial quantities of compounds that regulate mammalian enzymes of xenobiotic metabolism. Thus, edible plants belonging to the family Cruciferae and genus Brassica (e.g., broccoli and cauliflower) contain substantial quantities of isothiocyanates (mostly in the form of their glucosinolate precursors) some of which (e.g., sulforaphane or 4-methylsulfinylbutyl isothiocyanate) are very potent inducers of phase 2 enzymes. Unexpectedly, 3-day-old sprouts of cultivars of certain crucifers including broccoli and cauliflower contain 10-100 times higher levels of glucoraphanin (the glucosinolate of sulforaphane) than do the corresponding mature plants. Glucosinolates and isothiocyanates can be efficiently extracted from plants, without hydrolysis of glucosinolates by myrosinase, by homogenization in a mixture of equal volumes of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, and acetonitrile at -50°C. Extracts of 3-day-old broccoli sprouts (containing either glucoraphanin or sulforaphane as the principal enzyme inducer) were highly effective in reducing the incidence, multiplicity, and rate of development of mammary tumors in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-treated rats. Notably, sprouts of many broccoli cultivars contain negligible quantities of indole glucosinolates, which predominate in the mature vegetable and may give rise to degradation products (e.g., indole-3-carbinol) that can enhance tumorigenesis. Hence, small quantities of crucifer sprouts may protect against the risk of cancer as effectively as much larger quantities of mature vegetables of the same variety.


Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles in HighWire Press-hosted journals:


Home page
 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.Home page
L. Tang, G. R. Zirpoli, K. Guru, K. B. Moysich, Y. Zhang, C. B. Ambrosone, and S. E. McCann
Consumption of Raw Cruciferous Vegetables is Inversely Associated with Bladder Cancer Risk
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., April 1, 2008; 17(4): 938 - 944.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
M. B. Sibhatu, P. K. Smitherman, A. J. Townsend, and C. S. Morrow
Expression of MRP1 and GSTP1-1 modulate the acute cellular response to treatment with the chemopreventive isothiocyanate, sulforaphane
Carcinogenesis, April 1, 2008; 29(4): 807 - 815.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
R. Munday, P. Mhawech-Fauceglia, C. M. Munday, J. D. Paonessa, L. Tang, J. S. Munday, C. Lister, P. Wilson, J. W. Fahey, W. Davis, et al.
Inhibition of Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis by Broccoli Sprouts
Cancer Res., March 1, 2008; 68(5): 1593 - 1600.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Plant Cell PhysiolHome page
S. Alvarez, Y. He, and S. Chen
Comparative Investigations of the Glucosinolate-Myrosinase System in Arabidopsis Suspension Cells and Hypocotyls
Plant Cell Physiol., March 1, 2008; 49(3): 324 - 333.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
P. Talalay, J. W. Fahey, Z. R. Healy, S. L. Wehage, A. L. Benedict, C. Min, and A. T. Dinkova-Kostova
Sulforaphane mobilizes cellular defenses that protect skin against damage by UV radiation
PNAS, October 30, 2007; 104(44): 17500 - 17505.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
G. Pappa, J. Strathmann, M. Lowinger, H. Bartsch, and C. Gerhauser
Quantitative combination effects between sulforaphane and 3,3'-diindolylmethane on proliferation of human colon cancer cells in vitro
Carcinogenesis, July 1, 2007; 28(7): 1471 - 1477.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
B. S. Cornblatt, L. Ye, A. T. Dinkova-Kostova, M. Erb, J. W. Fahey, N. K. Singh, M.-S. A. Chen, T. Stierer, E. Garrett-Mayer, P. Argani, et al.
Preclinical and clinical evaluation of sulforaphane for chemoprevention in the breast
Carcinogenesis, July 1, 2007; 28(7): 1485 - 1490.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Evid Based Complement Alternat MedHome page
H. A. H. Kataya and A. A. Hamza
Red Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) Ameliorates Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats
Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med., April 27, 2007; (2007) nem029v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
M. Y. Hirai, K. Sugiyama, Y. Sawada, T. Tohge, T. Obayashi, A. Suzuki, R. Araki, N. Sakurai, H. Suzuki, K. Aoki, et al.
Omics-based identification of Arabidopsis Myb transcription factors regulating aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis
PNAS, April 10, 2007; 104(15): 6478 - 6483.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Exp. Biol. Med.Home page
M. C. Myzak, P. Tong, W.-M. Dashwood, R. H. Dashwood, and E. Ho
Sulforaphane Retards the Growth of Human PC-3 Xenografts and Inhibits HDAC Activity in Human Subjects
Experimental Biology and Medicine, February 1, 2007; 232(2): 227 - 234.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
S. Choi, K. L. Lew, H. Xiao, A. Herman-Antosiewicz, D. Xiao, C. K. Brown, and S. V. Singh
D,L-Sulforaphane-induced cell death in human prostate cancer cells is regulated by inhibitor of apoptosis family proteins and Apaf-1
Carcinogenesis, January 1, 2007; 28(1): 151 - 162.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
X. Yu, P. A. Egner, J. Wakabayashi, N. Wakabayashi, M. Yamamoto, and T. W. Kensler
Nrf2-mediated Induction of Cytoprotective Enzymes by 15-Deoxy-{Delta}12,14-Prostaglandin J2 Is Attenuated by Alkenal/one Oxidoreductase
J. Biol. Chem., September 8, 2006; 281(36): 26245 - 26252.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Immunol.Home page
J. Wan and D. Diaz-Sanchez
Phase II Enzymes Induction Blocks the Enhanced IgE Production in B Cells by Diesel Exhaust Particles.
J. Immunol., September 1, 2006; 177(5): 3477 - 3483.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
T.-a. Matsui, Y. Sowa, T. Yoshida, H. Murata, M. Horinaka, M. Wakada, R. Nakanishi, T. Sakabe, T. Kubo, and T. Sakai
Sulforaphane enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis through the induction of DR5 expression in human osteosarcoma cells
Carcinogenesis, September 1, 2006; 27(9): 1768 - 1777.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Molecular Cancer TherapeuticsHome page
L. Tang, Y. Zhang, H. E. Jobson, J. Li, K. K. Stephenson, K. L. Wade, and J. W. Fahey
Potent activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and arrest in S and M phases of cancer cells by a broccoli sprout extract.
Mol. Cancer Ther., April 1, 2006; 5(4): 935 - 944.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
M. C. Myzak, K. Hardin, R. Wang, R. H. Dashwood, and E. Ho
Sulforaphane inhibits histone deacetylase activity in BPH-1, LnCaP and PC-3 prostate epithelial cells
Carcinogenesis, April 1, 2006; 27(4): 811 - 819.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.Home page
H. Abuarqoub, R. Foresti, C. J. Green, and R. Motterlini
Heme oxygenase-1 mediates the anti-inflammatory actions of 2'-hydroxychalcone in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, April 1, 2006; 290(4): C1092 - C1099.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
H. Kim, E. H. Kim, Y. W. Eom, W.-H. Kim, T. K. Kwon, S. J. Lee, and K. S. Choi
Sulforaphane Sensitizes Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)-Resistant Hepatoma Cells to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis through Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Up-regulation of DR5
Cancer Res., February 1, 2006; 66(3): 1740 - 1750.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
Y.-J. Surh, J. K. Kundu, H.-K. Na, and J.-S. Lee
Redox-Sensitive Transcription Factors as Prime Targets for Chemoprevention with Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidative Phytochemicals
J. Nutr., December 1, 2005; 135(12): 2993S - 3001S.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
A. Y. Shih, P. Li, and T. H. Murphy
A Small-Molecule-Inducible Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Response Provides Effective Prophylaxis against Cerebral Ischemia In Vivo
J. Neurosci., November 2, 2005; 25(44): 10321 - 10335.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.Home page
T. W. Kensler, J.-G. Chen, P. A. Egner, J. W. Fahey, L. P. Jacobson, K. K. Stephenson, L. Ye, J. L. Coady, J.-B. Wang, Y. Wu, et al.
Effects of Glucosinolate-Rich Broccoli Sprouts on Urinary Levels of Aflatoxin-DNA Adducts and Phenanthrene Tetraols in a Randomized Clinical Trial in He Zuo Township, Qidong, People's Republic of China
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., November 1, 2005; 14(11): 2605 - 2613.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
P. Talalay
A Fascination with Enzymes: The Journey Not the Arrival Matters
J. Biol. Chem., August 12, 2005; 280(32): 28829 - 28847.
[Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
J. W. Fahey, K. K. Stephenson, A. T. Dinkova-Kostova, P. A. Egner, T. W. Kensler, and P. Talalay
Chlorophyll, chlorophyllin and related tetrapyrroles are significant inducers of mammalian phase 2 cytoprotective genes
Carcinogenesis, July 1, 2005; 26(7): 1247 - 1255.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
A. Y. Shih, S. Imbeault, V. Barakauskas, H. Erb, L. Jiang, P. Li, and T. H. Murphy
Induction of the Nrf2-driven Antioxidant Response Confers Neuroprotection during Mitochondrial Stress in Vivo
J. Biol. Chem., June 17, 2005; 280(24): 22925 - 22936.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
G. Brandi, G. F. Schiavano, N. Zaffaroni, C. De Marco, M. Paiardini, B. Cervasi, and M. Magnani
Mechanisms of Action and Antiproliferative Properties of Brassica oleracea Juice in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
J. Nutr., June 1, 2005; 135(6): 1503 - 1509.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S. V. Singh, S. K. Srivastava, S. Choi, K. L. Lew, J. Antosiewicz, D. Xiao, Y. Zeng, S. C. Watkins, C. S. Johnson, D. L. Trump, et al.
Sulforaphane-induced Cell Death in Human Prostate Cancer Cells Is Initiated by Reactive Oxygen Species
J. Biol. Chem., May 20, 2005; 280(20): 19911 - 19924.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
S. Choi and S. V. Singh
Bax and Bak Are Required for Apoptosis Induction by Sulforaphane, a Cruciferous Vegetable-Derived Cancer Chemopreventive Agent
Cancer Res., March 1, 2005; 65(5): 2035 - 2043.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
G. K. McWalter, L. G. Higgins, L. I. McLellan, C. J. Henderson, L. Song, P. J. Thornalley, K. Itoh, M. Yamamoto, and J. D. Hayes
Transcription Factor Nrf2 Is Essential for Induction of NAD(P)H:Quinone Oxidoreductase 1, Glutathione S-Transferases, and Glutamate Cysteine Ligase by Broccoli Seeds and Isothiocyanates
J. Nutr., December 1, 2004; 134(12): 3499S - 3506S.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
P. A. Wark, M. J.A.L. Grubben, W. H.M. Peters, F. M. Nagengast, E. Kampman, F. J. Kok, and P. van 't Veer
Habitual consumption of fruits and vegetables: associations with human rectal glutathione S-transferase
Carcinogenesis, November 1, 2004; 25(11): 2135 - 2142.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
M. C. Myzak, P. A. Karplus, F.-L. Chung, and R. H. Dashwood
A Novel Mechanism of Chemoprotection by Sulforaphane: Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase
Cancer Res., August 15, 2004; 64(16): 5767 - 5774.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
X. Gao and P. Talalay
Induction of phase 2 genes by sulforaphane protects retinal pigment epithelial cells against photooxidative damage
PNAS, July 13, 2004; 101(28): 10446 - 10451.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.Home page
C. I.R. Gill, S. Haldar, S. Porter, S. Matthews, S. Sullivan, J. Coulter, H. McGlynn, and I. Rowland
The Effect of Cruciferous and Leguminous Sprouts on Genotoxicity, In vitro and In vivo
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2004; 13(7): 1199 - 1205.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.Home page
R. Hu, V. Hebbar, B.-R. Kim, C. Chen, B. Winnik, B. Buckley, P. Soteropoulos, P. Tolias, R. P. Hart, and A.-N. T. Kong
In Vivo Pharmacokinetics and Regulation of Gene Expression Profiles by Isothiocyanate Sulforaphane in the Rat
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., July 1, 2004; 310(1): 263 - 271.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Molecular Cancer TherapeuticsHome page
Y. Zhang and G. B. Gordon
A strategy for cancer prevention: Stimulation of the Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway
Mol. Cancer Ther., July 1, 2004; 3(7): 885 - 893.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S. V. Singh, A. Herman-Antosiewicz, A. V. Singh, K. L. Lew, S. K. Srivastava, R. Kamath, K. D. Brown, L. Zhang, and R. Baskaran
Sulforaphane-induced G2/M Phase Cell Cycle Arrest Involves Checkpoint Kinase 2-mediated Phosphorylation of Cell Division Cycle 25C
J. Biol. Chem., June 11, 2004; 279(24): 25813 - 25822.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
L. Wu, M. H. Noyan Ashraf, M. Facci, R. Wang, P. G. Paterson, A. Ferrie, and B. H. J. Juurlink
Dietary approach to attenuate oxidative stress, hypertension, and inflammation in the cardiovascular system
PNAS, May 4, 2004; 101(18): 7094 - 7099.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Integr Cancer TherHome page
A.-S. Keck and J. W. Finley
Cruciferous Vegetables: Cancer Protective Mechanisms of Glucosinolate Hydrolysis Products and Selenium
Integr Cancer Ther, March 1, 2004; 3(1): 5 - 12.
[Abstract] [PDF]

Home page
 Exp. Biol. Med.Home page
E. B. Izevbigie, J. L. Bryant, and A. Walker
A Novel Natural Inhibitor of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases and Human Breast Cancer Cell Growth
Experimental Biology and Medicine, February 1, 2004; 229(2): 163 - 169.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.Home page
G. Rouzaud, S. A. Young, and A. J. Duncan
Hydrolysis of Glucosinolates to Isothiocyanates after Ingestion of Raw or Microwaved Cabbage by Human Volunteers
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., January 1, 2004; 13(1): 125 - 131.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
M. Paolini, P. Perocco, D. Canistro, L. Valgimigli, G. F. Pedulli, R. Iori, C. D. Croce, G. Cantelli-Forti, M. S. Legator, and S. Z. Abdel-Rahman
Induction of cytochrome P450, generation of oxidative stress and in vitro cell-transforming and DNA-damaging activities by glucoraphanin, the bioprecursor of the chemopreventive agent sulforaphane found in broccoli
Carcinogenesis, January 1, 2004; 25(1): 61 - 67.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
A. V. Singh, D. Xiao, K. L. Lew, R. Dhir, and S. V. Singh
Sulforaphane induces caspase-mediated apoptosis in cultured PC-3 human prostate cancer cells and retards growth of PC-3 xenografts in vivo
Carcinogenesis, January 1, 2004; 25(1): 83 - 90.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.Home page
C. FIMOGNARI, M. NUSSE, F. BERTI, R. IORI, G. CANTELLI-FORTI, and P. HRELIA
Sulforaphane Modulates Cell Cycle and Apoptosis in Transformed and Non-transformed Human T Lymphocytes
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., December 1, 2003; 1010(1): 393 - 398.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Molecular Cancer TherapeuticsHome page
Y. Zhang, L. Tang, and V. Gonzalez
Selected isothiocyanates rapidly induce growth inhibition of cancer cells
Mol. Cancer Ther., October 1, 2003; 2(10): 1045 - 1052.
[Abstract] [Full Text]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
N. Zhou, H. Xiao, T.-K. Li, A. Nur-E-Kamal, and L. F. Liu
DNA Damage-mediated Apoptosis Induced by Selenium Compounds
J. Biol. Chem., August 8, 2003; 278(32): 29532 - 29537.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
G. Brandi, M. Paiardini, B. Cervasi, C. Fiorucci, P. Filippone, C. De Marco, N. Zaffaroni, and M. Magnani
A New Indole-3-Carbinol Tetrameric Derivative Inhibits Cyclin-dependent Kinase 6 Expression, and Induces G1 Cell Cycle Arrest in Both Estrogen-dependent and Estrogen-independent Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Cancer Res., July 15, 2003; 63(14): 4028 - 4036.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Neurosci.Home page
A. Y. Shih, D. A. Johnson, G. Wong, A. D. Kraft, L. Jiang, H. Erb, J. A. Johnson, and T. H. Murphy
Coordinate Regulation of Glutathione Biosynthesis and Release by Nrf2-Expressing Glia Potently Protects Neurons from Oxidative Stress
J. Neurosci., April 15, 2003; 23(8): 3394 - 3406.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 CarcinogenesisHome page
T. K. Smith, R. Mithen, and I. T. Johnson
Effects of Brassica vegetable juice on the induction of apoptosis and aberrant crypt foci in rat colonic mucosal crypts in vivo
Carcinogenesis, March 1, 2003; 24(3): 491 - 495.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Res.Home page
R. K. Thimmulappa, K. H. Mai, S. Srisuma, T. W. Kensler, M. Yamamoto, and S. Biswal
Identification of Nrf2-regulated Genes Induced by the Chemopreventive Agent Sulforaphane by Oligonucleotide Microarray
Cancer Res., September 15, 2002; 62(18): 5196 - 5203.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
A. T. Dinkova-Kostova, W. D. Holtzclaw, R. N. Cole, K. Itoh, N. Wakabayashi, Y. Katoh, M. Yamamoto, and P. Talalay
Direct evidence that sulfhydryl groups of Keap1 are the sensors regulating induction of phase 2 enzymes that protect against carcinogens and oxidants
PNAS, September 3, 2002; 99(18): 11908 - 11913.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev.Home page
J. D. Brooks, M. F. Goldberg, L. A. Nelson, D. Wu, and W. G. Nelson
Identification of Potential Prostate Cancer Preventive Agents through Induction of Quinone Reductase in Vitro
Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., September 1, 2002; 11(9): 868 - 875.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci.Home page
H. L. BRADLOW and D. W. SEPKOVIC
Diet and Breast Cancer
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., June 1, 2002; 963(1): 247 - 267.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. W. Fahey, X. Haristoy, P. M. Dolan, T. W. Kensler, I. Scholtus, K. K. Stephenson, P. Talalay, and A. Lozniewski
Sulforaphane inhibits extracellular, intracellular, and antibiotic-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori and prevents benzo[a]pyrene-induced stomach tumors
PNAS, May 28, 2002; 99(11): 7610 - 7615.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Nutr.Home page
B. L. Halvorsen, K. Holte, M. C. W. Myhrstad, I. Barikmo, E. Hvattum, S. F. Remberg, A.-B. Wold, K. Haffner, H. Baugerod, L. F. Andersen, et al.
A Systematic Screening of Total Antioxidants in Dietary Plants
J. Nutr., March 1, 2002; 132(3): 461 - 471.