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Vol. 95, Issue 24, 14494-14499, November 24, 1998
* Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305;
Communicated by John H. Flavell, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, September 30, 1998 (received for review June 5, 1998)
Functional MRI revealed differences between children with Attention
Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls in their
frontal-striatal function and its modulation by methylphenidate during
response inhibition. Children performed two go/no-go tasks with and
without drug. ADHD children had impaired inhibitory control on both
tasks. Off-drug frontal-striatal activation during response inhibition
differed between ADHD and healthy children: ADHD children had greater
frontal activation on one task and reduced striatal activation on the
other task. Drug effects differed between ADHD and healthy children:
The drug improved response inhibition in both groups on one task and
only in ADHD children on the other task. The drug modulated brain
activation during response inhibition on only one task: It increased
frontal activation to an equal extent in both groups. In contrast, it
increased striatal activation in ADHD children but reduced it in
healthy children. These results suggest that ADHD is characterized by
atypical frontal-striatal function and that methylphenidate affects
striatal activation differently in ADHD than in healthy children.
Copyright © 1998 by The National Academy of Sciences 0027-8424/98/9514494-6$2.00/0
Neurobiology
Selective effects of methylphenidate in attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder: A functional magnetic resonance study
,
,,, Community/Academia Coalition, 451 Cherry Lane, Los Altos, CA
94022; and § Department of Radiology, Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94305
To whom reprint requests should be addressed. e-mail:
vaidya{at}psych.stanford.edu.
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