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Vol. 96, Issue 13, 7348-7351, June 22, 1999

Evolution
 Mutation, recombination, and incipient speciation of bacteria in the laboratory

Marin Vulic'*,dagger , Richard E. LenskiDagger , and Miroslav Radman*,§

* Laboratoire de Mutagenèse, Institut Jacques Monod, 2 place Jussieu, 75251 Paris Cedex 05, France; and Dagger  Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824

Edited by John Maynard Smith, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom, and approved May 4, 1999 (received for review February 9, 1999)

Mutations in the DNA mismatch repair system increase mutation and recombination. They may thereby promote the genetic divergence that underlies speciation, after which the reacquisition of a functional repair system may sustain that divergence by creating a barrier to recombination. We tested several lines of Escherichia coli, derived from a common ancestor and evolved for 20,000 generations, for their recombination ability. Some lines, but not others, had become mismatch repair-defective mutators during experimental evolution, providing different opportunities for DNA sequence divergence. We knocked out the repair system in lines that had retained this function, and we restored function to those lines that had become defective. We then estimated recombination rates in various crosses between these repair-deficient and -proficient strains. The effect of the mismatch repair system on recombination was greatest in those lines that had evolved nonfunctional repair, indicating they had undergone more sequence divergence and, consequently, were more sensitive to the recombination-inhibiting effect of a functional repair system. These results demonstrate the establishment of an incipient genetic barrier between formerly identical lines, and they support a model in which the mismatch repair system can influence speciation dynamics through its simultaneous effects on mutation and recombination.

dagger    To whom reprint requests should be addressed at present address: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115. e-mail: mvulic{at}hms.harvard.edu.
§   Present address: Faculté de Médicine Necker-Enfants Malades INSERM E9916, Université de Paris-V, 156 rue de Vaugirard, 75730 Paris Cedex 15, France.

Copyright © 1999 by The National Academy of Sciences  0027-8424/99/967348-4$2.00/0
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