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Vol. 96, Issue 6, 3320-3324, March 16, 1999

Evolution / Anthropology
 X chromosome evidence for ancient human histories

Eugene E. Harris and Jody Hey*

Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Nelson Biological Labs, 604 Allison Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8082

Communicated by Henry C. Harpending, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, December 29, 1998 (received for review July 20, 1998)

Diverse African and non-African samples of the X-linked PDHA1 (pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 alpha  subunit) locus revealed a fixed DNA sequence difference between the two sample groups. The age of onset of population subdivision appears to be about 200 thousand years ago. This predates the earliest modern human fossils, suggesting the transformation to modern humans occurred in a subdivided population. The base of the PDHA1 gene tree is relatively ancient, with an estimated age of 1.86 million years, a late Pliocene time associated with early species of Homo. PDHA1 revealed very low variation among non-Africans, but in other respects the data are consistent with reports from other X-linked and autosomal haplotype data sets. Like these other genes, but in conflict with microsatellite and mitochondrial data, PDHA1 does not show evidence of human population expansion.

*   To whom reprint requests should be addressed. e-mail: jhey{at}mbcl.rutgers.edu. Address until August 1, 1999: Institute of Cell, Animal and Population Biology, University of Edinburgh, Ashworth Laboratories, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, Scotland.

Copyright © 1999 by The National Academy of Sciences  0027-8424/99/963320-5$2.00/0
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