Yeast two-hybrid screening service Sign up for PNAS Online eTocs
Link: Info for AuthorsLink: Editorial BoardLink: AboutLink: SubscribeLink: AdvertiseLink: ContactLink: Sitemap Link: PNAS Home
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Link: Current Issue "" Link: Archives "" Link: Online Submission ""  Link: Advanced Search


PNAS | April 16, 2002 | vol. 99 | no. 8 | 5331-5336
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a colleague
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in ISI Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to My File Cabinet
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow Request Copyright Permission
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (28)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Dinman, J. D.
Right arrow Articles by Rana, T. M.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Dinman, J. D.
Right arrow Articles by Rana, T. M.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg  
What's this?

 Previous Article  | Table of Contents |  Next Article 

Biochemistry
 The frameshift signal of HIV-1 involves a potential intramolecular triplex RNA structure

Jonathan D. Dinman*,dagger , Sara RichterDagger , Ewan P. Plant*, Ronald C. Taylor§, Amy B. Hammell,||, and Tariq M. Ranadagger ,Dagger

* Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, 2135 Microbiology Building, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742; Dagger  Chemical Biology Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605-2324;  Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854; and § Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East 9th Avenue, Denver, CO 80262

Communicated by Reed B. Wickner, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, February 21, 2002 (received for review October 29, 2001)

The cis-acting mRNA elements that promote programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting present a natural target for the rational design of antiretroviral chemotherapies. It has been commonly accepted that the HIV-1 frameshifting signal is special, because its downstream enhancer element consists of a simple mRNA stem loop rather than a more complex secondary structure such as a pseudoknot. Here we present three lines of evidence, bioinformatic, structural, and genetic, showing that the biologically relevant HIV-1 frameshift signal contains a complex RNA structure that likely includes an extended RNA triple-helix region. We suggest that the potential intramolecular triplex structure is essential for viral propagation and viability, and that small molecules targeted to this RNA structure may possess antiretroviral activities.

dagger To whom reprint requests may be addressed. E-mail: jd280{at}umail.umd.edu or Tariq.Rana{at}umassmed.edu.

|| Present address: Oncology Department, Novartis, 556 Morris Avenue, LSB 3630, Summit, NJ 07901-1398.

www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.082102199
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles in HighWire Press-hosted journals:


Home page
 RNAHome page
S. Chaudhuri, K. Vyas, P. Kapasi, A. A. Komar, J. D. Dinman, S. Barik, and B. Mazumder
Human ribosomal protein L13a is dispensable for canonical ribosome function but indispensable for efficient rRNA methylation
RNA, December 1, 2007; 13(12): 2224 - 2237.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Gen. Virol.Home page
R. Girnary, L. King, L. Robinson, R. Elston, and I. Brierley
Structure-function analysis of the ribosomal frameshifting signal of two human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates with increased resistance to viral protease inhibitors
J. Gen. Virol., January 1, 2007; 88(1): 226 - 235.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nucleic Acids ResHome page
M.-C. Su, C.-T. Chang, C.-H. Chu, C.-H. Tsai, and K.-Y. Chang
An atypical RNA pseudoknot stimulator and an upstream attenuation signal for -1 ribosomal frameshifting of SARS coronavirus
Nucleic Acids Res., July 29, 2005; 33(13): 4265 - 4275.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nucleic Acids ResHome page
K. Makelainen and K. Makinen
Factors affecting translation at the programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting site of Cocksfoot mottle virus RNA in vivo
Nucleic Acids Res., April 20, 2005; 33(7): 2239 - 2247.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nucleic Acids ResHome page
E. P. Plant and J. D. Dinman
Torsional restraint: a new twist on frameshifting pseudoknots
Nucleic Acids Res., March 30, 2005; 33(6): 1825 - 1833.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RNAHome page
M. T. HOWARD, R. F. GESTELAND, and J. F. ATKINS
Efficient stimulation of site-specific ribosome frameshifting by antisense oligonucleotides
RNA, October 20, 2004; 10(10): 1653 - 1661.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Exp. Med.Home page
S. Cardinaud, A. Moris, M. Fevrier, P.-S. Rohrlich, L. Weiss, P. Langlade-Demoyen, F. A. Lemonnier, O. Schwartz, and A. Habel
Identification of Cryptic MHC I-restricted Epitopes Encoded by HIV-1 Alternative Reading Frames
J. Exp. Med., April 19, 2004; 199(8): 1053 - 1063.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
P. Biswas, X. Jiang, A. L. Pacchia, J. P. Dougherty, and S. W. Peltz
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Ribosomal Frameshifting Site Is an Invariant Sequence Determinant and an Important Target for Antiviral Therapy
J. Virol., February 15, 2004; 78(4): 2082 - 2087.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RNAHome page
M. BARIL, D. DULUDE, K. GENDRON, G. LEMAY, and L. BRAKIER-GINGRAS
Efficiency of a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift in the different subtypes of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M
RNA, October 1, 2003; 9(10): 1246 - 1253.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
C. Chen and R. C. Montelaro
Characterization of RNA Elements That Regulate Gag-Pol Ribosomal Frameshifting in Equine Infectious Anemia Virus
J. Virol., October 1, 2003; 77(19): 10280 - 10287.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RNAHome page
J. W. HARGER and J. D. DINMAN
An in vivo dual-luciferase assay system for studying translational recoding in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
RNA, August 1, 2003; 9(8): 1019 - 1024.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nucleic Acids ResHome page
D. W. Staple and S. E. Butcher
Solution structure of the HIV-1 frameshift inducing stem-loop RNA
Nucleic Acids Res., August 1, 2003; 31(15): 4326 - 4331.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nucleic Acids ResHome page
H. H. Gan, S. Pasquali, and T. Schlick
Exploring the repertoire of RNA secondary motifs using graph theory; implications for RNA design
Nucleic Acids Res., June 1, 2003; 31(11): 2926 - 2943.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S. S. Derebail, M. J. Heath, and J. J. DeStefano
Evidence for the Differential Effects of Nucleocapsid Protein on Strand Transfer in Various Regions of the HIV Genome
J. Biol. Chem., April 25, 2003; 278(18): 15702 - 15712.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
M.-N. Brunelle, L. Brakier-Gingras, and G. Lemay
Replacement of Murine Leukemia Virus Readthrough Mechanism by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Frameshift Allows Synthesis of Viral Proteins and Virus Replication
J. Virol., March 1, 2003; 77(5): 3345 - 3350.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 RNAHome page
E. P. PLANT, K. L. M. JACOBS, J. W. HARGER, A. MESKAUSKAS, J. L. JACOBS, J. L. BAXTER, A. N. PETROV, and J. D. DINMAN
The 9-A solution: How mRNA pseudoknots promote efficient programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting
RNA, February 1, 2003; 9(2): 168 - 174.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Nucleic Acids ResHome page
D. Dulude, M. Baril, and L. Brakier-Gingras
Characterization of the frameshift stimulatory signal controlling a programmed -1 ribosomal frameshift in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1
Nucleic Acids Res., December 1, 2002; 30(23): 5094 - 5102.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J. Virol.Home page
M. K. Hill, M. Shehu-Xhilaga, S. M. Crowe, and J. Mak
Proline Residues within Spacer Peptide p1 Are Important for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infectivity, Protein Processing, and Genomic RNA Dimer Stability
J. Virol., October 11, 2002; 76(22): 11245 - 11253.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAHome page
J. K. Barry and W. A. Miller
A -1 ribosomal frameshift element that requires base pairing across four kilobases suggests a mechanism of regulating ribosome and replicase traffic on a viral RNA
PNAS, August 20, 2002; 99(17): 11133 - 11138.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]