Functional organization of perisylvian activation during presentation of sentences in preverbal infants
Dahaene-Lambertz et 10.1073/pnas.0606302103
Supporting Information
Files in this Data Supplement:
Supporting TextSupporting Table 2
wt
|
Analysis |
Area |
Infant template coordinates |
Permutation w tests |
Infant template coordinates |
SPM t tests |
||||||||
|
No. of voxels in cluster |
Cluster-level P value (corrected) |
Z value at local maximum |
No. of voxels in cluster |
Cluster-level P value (corrected) |
Z value at local maximum |
||||||||
|
x |
y |
z |
x |
y |
z |
||||||||
|
Activation to speech |
Left STS |
-40 |
-9 |
-9 |
99 |
0.009 |
3.1 |
-43 |
-11 |
-9 |
48 |
0.001 |
3.43 |
|
Wernicke's area |
-49 |
-37 |
6 |
2.9 |
-49 |
-37 |
6 |
19 |
0.042 |
3.01 |
|||
|
Right STS |
37 |
-17 |
-3 |
64 |
0.027 |
3.1 |
34 |
-17 |
-3 |
61 |
<.001 |
3.64 |
|
|
1st presentation |
Right STS |
No significant activations |
37 |
-11 |
-3 |
16 |
0.059 |
2.97 |
|||||
|
Left STS |
No significant activations |
-49 |
-14 |
-3 |
16 |
0.059 |
2.69 |
||||||
|
2nd presentation |
Left IFG |
-37 |
11 |
9 |
80 |
0.022 |
3.1 |
-31 |
17 |
-6 |
42 |
0.001 |
3.35 |
|
Left STS |
-46 |
-37 |
3 |
121 |
0.009 |
3.1 |
-46 |
-37 |
3 |
89 |
<.001 |
3.49 |
|
|
Wernicke's area |
-49 |
-14 |
-9 |
3.1 |
-40 |
-9 |
-11 |
3.40 |
|||||
|
Right STS |
No significant activations |
34 |
-20 |
-2.9 |
21 |
0.033 |
2.74 |
||||||
|
Fast response |
Right STS |
No significant activations |
34 |
-17 |
0 |
18 |
0.034 |
2.79 |
|||||
|
Slow response |
Left IFG |
0 |
0 |
0 |
95 |
0.012 |
3.1 |
-37 |
11 |
0 |
60 |
<.001 |
3.22 |
|
Slow > fast responses |
Left IFG |
0 |
0 |
0 |
74 |
0.033 |
3.1 |
-37 |
14 |
0 |
55 |
<.001 |
3.39 |
|
Left insula |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2.5 |
-25 |
11 |
-3 |
2.81 |
|||||
|
Interaction response ´ sentence presentation |
Left IFG |
0 |
0 |
0 |
78 |
0.019 |
3.1 |
-31 |
17 |
-3 |
57 |
<.001 |
2.75 |
|
Leftinsula |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2.9 |
-20 |
3 |
0 |
2.58 |
|||||
|
Slow > Fast responses restricted to the 2nd sentence presentation |
Left IFG |
0 |
0 |
0 |
85 |
0.016 |
3.1 |
-34 |
11 |
0 |
71 |
<.001 |
3.29 |
|
Fast > Slow responses restricted to the 2nd sentence presentation |
Right Heschl's gyrus (basal part) |
No significant activations |
29 |
-17 |
-3 |
19 |
0.004 |
2.98 |
|||||
|
2nd > 1st presentation restricted to slow responses |
Left IFG |
-31 |
17 |
-3 |
100 |
0.007 |
3.1 |
-34 |
23 |
0 |
82 |
<.001 |
3.00 |
|
Left insula |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-20 |
11 |
-3 |
2.77 |
||||||
|
1st > 2nd presentation restricted to fast responses |
Left IFG |
-29 |
17 |
-3 |
51 |
0.055 |
3.1 |
-31 |
11 |
0 |
39 |
0.001 |
2.99 |
|
Left insula |
-20 |
14 |
-3 |
-20 |
17 |
-3 |
2.69 |
||||||
Coordinates of the clusters maximum and their subpeaks are given relative to our infant brain template. They can be roughly compared to adult Montreal Neurological Institute coordinates after multiplication by a factor of 1.4. The voxelwise significance level was set at P < 0.01. STS, superior temporal sulcus; IFG, inferior frontal gyrus.
Supporting Text
Participants and Procedure
In 21 additional babies, no useful functional data were obtained. In 7 babies, the examination was not started, and in 10 babies it was stopped after the anatomical acquisition or during the first sequence of functional acquisition because of fussiness. Data from three babies were rejected because of an artifact above the temporal regions in the functional images, and finally another baby was not considered in the analyses because there were no significant activations at P = 0.05 in auditory regions. The high attrition rate in this experiment seems to be related to the scarce and sudden presentation of loud auditory stimuli in this slow event-related paradigm.
Precautions taken to protect infants, particularly from the noise of the machine, have been described (1). While the infant was quiet, noise protection earphones with inserted piezoelectric loudspeakers were placed, with sides reversed for each successive infant, then the infant was placed in the scanner. To keep the children quiet, a mirror placed above the infants' head allowed them to watch entertaining visual stimuli, as is commonly done in auditory event-related potential studies. The visual stimuli were pictures of faces projected onto a translucent screen or toys presented by G.D.L. when the faces were no longer sufficient to keep the infant quiet. Visual stimuli were not synchronized with the auditory stimulation. The procedure was stopped at any point if the infant showed discomfort.
1, Dehaene-Lambertz G, Dehaene S, Hertz-Pannier L (2002) Science 298:2013-2015.
This Article
-
PNAS September 19, 2006 vol. 103 no. 38 14240-14245
- AbstractFree
- Figures Only
- Full Text
- Full Text (PDF)
- » Supporting Information
Most
-
Read
- From the Cover: Explaining the moon illusion
- The frequency and structure of recombinant products is determined by the cellular level of MutL
- Changes in prostate gene expression in men undergoing an intensive nutrition and lifestyle intervention
- Oral administration of a corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor antagonist significantly attenuates behavioral, neuroendocrine, and autonomic responses to stress in primates
- Changes in prostate gene expression in men undergoing an intensive nutrition and lifestyle intervention
-
Cited
- DNA Sequencing with Chain-Terminating Inhibitors
- Electrophoretic Transfer of Proteins from Polyacrylamide Gels to Nitrocellulose Sheets: Procedure and Some Applications
- Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression patterns
- Improved Tools for Biological Sequence Comparison
- Genomic Sequencing