Initiation of shape-memory effect by inductive heating of magnetic nanoparticles in thermoplastic polymers

Mohr et al. 10.1073/pnas.0600079103.

Supporting Information

Files in this Data Supplement:

Supporting Figure 6
Supporting Figure 7
Supporting Table 4
Supporting Figure 8
Supporting Movie 1
Supporting Figure 9




Supporting Figure 6

Fig. 6. Microtomographic image of TFX composite with Fe3O4 particles. (Scale bar: 1 mm.)





Supporting Figure 7

Fig. 7. Dynamic mechanical analysis at varied temperature. (a) PDC materials. Filled squares, PDC000, E'; filled circles, PDC100, E'; open squares, PDC000, tan δ; open circles, PDC100, tan δ. (b) TFX materials. Filled squares, TFX000, E'; filled circles, TFX100, E'; open squares, TFX000, tan δ; open circles, TFX100, tan δ.





Supporting Figure 8

Fig. 8. Magnetic field distribution along the axis of the inductor. f = 258 kHz; the power output of generator TIG 5/300 was varied: triangles, 10; filled circles, 50; inverted triangles, 100; squares, 150; open circles, 200; diamonds, 250. The magnetic field strength, H, was calculated from the voltage amplitude, U, induced in a small self-made pickup probe of one loop of the area, A, according to H = U/(2×π×μ0×f×A). μ0 and f are the magnetic field constant and the frequency, respectively. The voltage was measured with an oscilloscope.





Supporting Figure 9

Fig. 9. Results of cyclic thermomechanical experiments of TFX materials. Tlow = 0°C, Thigh = 80°C, and εm = 50%. (a) TFX000. (b) TFX075.





Supporting Movie 1

Movie 1. Real-time video shows the macroscopic shape-memory effect of TFX100 composite with 10 wt % particle content. The permanent shape is a plane stripe of composite material, and the temporary shape is a corkscrew-like spiral. The pictures show the transition from temporary to permanent shape in a magnetic field of f = 258 kHz and H = 30 kA×m–1 in an inductor.





Table 4. Thermal properties of PDC and PDC composites

Sample ID*

Tg,1, °C

Tmax,δ,1,°C

Tg,2, °C

Tmax,δ,2,°C

Tm,1, °C

Tm,2, °C

PDC000

–61

–60

–11

–15

39

93

PDC050

–60

–62

–12

–15

39

92

PDC100

–60

–62

–13

–15

39

93

     Tg is the glass transition temperature, Tm is the melting temperature (both determined by differential scanning calorimetry), and Tmax, δ is the temperature at peak maximum of tan δ determined by dynamic mechanical analysis at varied temperature.

*The three-digit number gives the particle content in wt % ´ 10.

This Article

  1. Published online before print February 28, 2006, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0600079103 PNAS March 7, 2006 vol. 103 no. 10 3540-3545
  1. OA Abstract
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  3. OA Full Text
  4. Full Text (PDF)
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