The African Millennium Villages
- Pedro Sanchez*,†,
- Cheryl Palm*,
- Jeffrey Sachs*,
- Glenn Denning*,
- Rafael Flor*,
- Rebbie Harawa*,
- Bashir Jama‡,
- Tsegazeab Kiflemariam*,
- Bronwen Konecky*,
- Raffaela Kozar*,
- Eliud Lelerai*,
- Alia Malik*,
- Vijay Modi*,
- Patrick Mutuo*,
- Amadou Niang*,
- Herine Okoth*,
- Frank Place§,
- Sonia Ehrlich Sachs*,
- Amir Said*,
- David Siriri*,
- Awash Teklehaimanot*,
- Karen Wang*,
- Justine Wangila*, and
- Colleen Zamba‡
- *The Earth Institute, Columbia University, 405 Low Library, MC 4335, 535 West 116th Street, New York, NY 10027;
- ‡United Nations Development Programme, 1 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017; and
- §World Agroforestry Centre, UN Avenue, PO Box 30677-00100 GPO, Nairobi, Kenya
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Edited by Robert W. Kates, Brown University, Providence, RI, and approved August 23, 2007 (received for review January 17, 2007)
Abstract
We describe the concept, strategy, and initial results of the Millennium Villages Project and implications regarding sustainability and scalability. Our underlying hypothesis is that the interacting crises of agriculture, health, and infrastructure in rural Africa can be overcome through targeted public-sector investments to raise rural productivity and, thereby, to increased private-sector saving and investments. This is carried out by empowering impoverished communities with science-based interventions. Seventy-eight Millennium Villages have been initiated in 12 sites in 10 African countries, each representing a major agroecological zone. In early results, the research villages in Kenya, Ethiopia, and Malawi have reduced malaria prevalence, met caloric requirements, generated crop surpluses, enabled school feeding programs, and provided cash earnings for farm families.
Footnotes
- †To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: psanchez{at}ei.columbia.edu
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Author contributions: P.S., C.P., and J.S. contributed equally to this work. P.S., C.P., J.S., B.J., V.M., A.N., F.P., S.E.S., and A.T. designed research; P.S., C.P., J.S., G.D., R.H., T.K., A.M., P.M., H.O., F.P., S.E.S., D.S., J.W., and C.Z. performed research; R.F., B.K., R.K., E.L., P.M., S.E.S., A.S., D.S., K.W., and J.W. analyzed data; and P.S., C.P., and J.S. wrote the paper.
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The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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This article is a PNAS Direct Submission.
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This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/0700423104/DC1.
- Abbreviations:
- ha,
- hectare;
- IRD,
- integrated rural development;
- MDG,
- Millennium Development Goal;
- ODA,
- official development assistance;
- t,
- ton.
- © 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA
