Table of Contents

Anthropology

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Research Articles - Biological Sciences - Anthropology:
- Michael P. Richards
- and Erik Trinkaus
Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Isotopic evidence for the diets of European Neanderthals and early modern humans
PNAS 2009 106:16034-16039; published online before print August 11, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0903821106
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Research Articles - Biological Sciences - Anthropology:
- John F. Hoffecker
Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: The spread of modern humans in Europe
PNAS 2009 106:16040-16045; published online before print July 1, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0903446106
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Research Articles - Biological Sciences - Anthropology:
- G. Philip Rightmire
Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Middle and later Pleistocene hominins in Africa and Southwest Asia
PNAS 2009 106:16046-16050; published online before print July 6, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0903930106
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Research Articles - Social Sciences - Anthropology - Biological Sciences - Anthropology:
- Francesco d'Errico,
- Marian Vanhaeren,
- Nick Barton,
- Abdeljalil Bouzouggar,
- Henk Mienis,
- Daniel Richter,
- Jean-Jacques Hublin,
- Shannon P. McPherron,
- and Pierre Lozouet
Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Additional evidence on the use of personal ornaments in the Middle Paleolithic of North Africa
PNAS 2009 106:16051-16056; published online before print August 28, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0903532106
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Research Articles - Biological Sciences - Anthropology:
- Michael DeGiorgio,
- Mattias Jakobsson,
- and Noah A. Rosenberg
Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Explaining worldwide patterns of human genetic variation using a coalescent-based serial founder model of migration outward from Africa
PNAS 2009 106:16057-16062; published online before print August 17, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0903341106

Applied Biological Sciences

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Biological Sciences - Applied Biological Sciences:
- J. Matthew Dubach,
- Saumya Das,
- Anthony Rosenzweig,
- and Heather A. Clark
Visualizing sodium dynamics in isolated cardiomyocytes using fluorescent nanosensors
PNAS 2009 106:16145-16150; published online before print September 3, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0905909106
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Biological Sciences - Applied Biological Sciences:
- Stéphane Le Crom,
- Wendy Schackwitz,
- Len Pennacchio,
- Jon K. Magnuson,
- David E. Culley,
- James R. Collett,
- Joel Martin,
- Irina S. Druzhinina,
- Hugues Mathis,
- Frédéric Monot,
- Bernhard Seiboth,
- Barbara Cherry,
- Michael Rey,
- Randy Berka,
- Christian P. Kubicek,
- Scott E. Baker,
- and Antoine Margeot
Tracking the roots of cellulase hyperproduction by the fungus Trichoderma reesei using massively parallel DNA sequencing
PNAS 2009 106:16151-16156; published online before print September 2, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0905848106
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Biological Sciences - Applied Biological Sciences:
- Tambet Teesalu,
- Kazuki N. Sugahara,
- Venkata Ramana Kotamraju,
- and Erkki Ruoslahti
C-end rule peptides mediate neuropilin-1-dependent cell, vascular, and tissue penetration
PNAS 2009 106:16157-16162; published online before print September 2, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0908201106

Biochemistry

Biophysics and Computational Biology

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Physical Sciences - Chemistry - Biological Sciences - Biophysics and Computational Biology:
- Simone Furini
- and Carmen Domene
Atypical mechanism of conduction in potassium channels
PNAS 2009 106:16074-16077; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0903226106
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Biological Sciences - Biophysics and Computational Biology:
- Justin W. Taraska,
- Michael C. Puljung,
- and William N. Zagotta
Short-distance probes for protein backbone structure based on energy transfer between bimane and transition metal ions
PNAS 2009 106:16227-16232; published online before print September 10, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0905207106
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Biological Sciences - Biophysics and Computational Biology:
- Vincenzo Alterio,
- Mika Hilvo,
- Anna Di Fiore,
- Claudiu T. Supuran,
- Peiwen Pan,
- Seppo Parkkila,
- Andrea Scaloni,
- Jaromir Pastorek,
- Silvia Pastorekova,
- Carlo Pedone,
- Andrea Scozzafava,
- Simona Maria Monti,
- and Giuseppina De Simone
Crystal structure of the catalytic domain of the tumor-associated human carbonic anhydrase IX
PNAS 2009 106:16233-16238; published online before print September 14, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0908301106
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Biological Sciences - Biophysics and Computational Biology:
- Fang Huang,
- Liming Ying,
- and Alan R. Fersht
Direct observation of barrier-limited folding of BBL by single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer
PNAS 2009 106:16239-16244; published online before print September 11, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0909126106
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Biological Sciences - Biophysics and Computational Biology:
- Pere Roca-Cusachs,
- Nils C. Gauthier,
- Armando del Rio,
- and Michael P. Sheetz
Clustering of α₅β₁ integrins determines adhesion strength whereas α_vβ₃ and talin enable mechanotransduction
PNAS 2009 106:16245-16250; published online before print September 3, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0902818106

Cell Biology

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Biological Sciences - Cell Biology:
- Zain Y. Dossani,
- Christine S. Weirich,
- Jan P. Erzberger,
- James M. Berger,
- and Karsten Weis
Structure of the C-terminus of the mRNA export factor Dbp5 reveals the interaction surface for the ATPase activator Gle1
PNAS 2009 106:16251-16256; published online before print September 2, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0902251106
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Biological Sciences - Cell Biology:
- Kazuki Sasaki,
- Tamaki Ito,
- Norikazu Nishino,
- Saadi Khochbin,
- and Minoru Yoshida
Real-time imaging of histone H4 hyperacetylation in living cells
PNAS 2009 106:16257-16262; published online before print September 3, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0902150106
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Biological Sciences - Cell Biology:
- Wen Chen,
- Prasad N. Paradkar,
- Liangtao Li,
- Eric L. Pierce,
- Nathaniel B. Langer,
- Naoko Takahashi-Makise,
- Brigham B. Hyde,
- Orian S. Shirihai,
- Diane M. Ward,
- Jerry Kaplan,
- and Barry H. Paw
From the Cover: Abcb10 physically interacts with mitoferrin-1 (Slc25a37) to enhance its stability and function in the erythroid mitochondria
PNAS 2009 106:16263-16268; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0904519106
- See commentary article on page 16012 in issue 38 of volume 106
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Biological Sciences - Cell Biology:
- Hans-Joerg Hippe,
- Nadine M. Wolf,
- Issam Abu-Taha,
- Rebecca Mehringer,
- Steffen Just,
- Susanne Lutz,
- Feraydoon Niroomand,
- Edith H. Postel,
- Hugo A. Katus,
- Wolfgang Rottbauer,
- and Thomas Wieland
The interaction of nucleoside diphosphate kinase B with Gβγ dimers controls heterotrimeric G protein function
PNAS 2009 106:16269-16274; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0901679106
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Biological Sciences - Cell Biology:
- Dingding Shi,
- Marius S. Pop,
- Roman Kulikov,
- Ian M. Love,
- Andrew L. Kung,
- and Steven R. Grossman
CBP and p300 are cytoplasmic E4 polyubiquitin ligases for p53
PNAS 2009 106:16275-16280; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0904305106
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Biological Sciences - Cell Biology:
- Giulia Bertolini,
- Luca Roz,
- Paola Perego,
- Monica Tortoreto,
- Enrico Fontanella,
- Laura Gatti,
- Graziella Pratesi,
- Alessandra Fabbri,
- Francesca Andriani,
- Stella Tinelli,
- Elena Roz,
- Roberto Caserini,
- Salvatore Lo Vullo,
- Tiziana Camerini,
- Luigi Mariani,
- Domenico Delia,
- Elisa Calabrò,
- Ugo Pastorino,
- and Gabriella Sozzi
Highly tumorigenic lung cancer CD133⁺ cells display stem-like features and are spared by cisplatin treatment
PNAS 2009 106:16281-16286; published online before print September 10, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0905653106
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Developmental Biology

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Biological Sciences - Developmental Biology:
- Kelley S. Harris-Johnson,
- Eric T. Domyan,
- Chad M. Vezina,
- and Xin Sun
β-Catenin promotes respiratory progenitor identity in mouse foregut
PNAS 2009 106:16287-16292; published online before print September 9, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0902274106
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Biological Sciences - Developmental Biology:
- Mayumi Oda,
- Satoshi Tanaka,
- Yukiko Yamazaki,
- Hiroshi Ohta,
- Misa Iwatani,
- Masako Suzuki,
- Jun Ohgane,
- Naka Hattori,
- Ryuzo Yanagimachi,
- Teruhiko Wakayama,
- and Kunio Shiota
From the Cover: Establishment of trophoblast stem cell lines from somatic cell nuclear-transferred embryos
PNAS 2009 106:16293-16297; published online before print August 24, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0908009106
- See commentary article on page 16014 in issue 38 of volume 106

Ecology

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Biological Sciences - Ecology:
- Patricio H. Manríquez,
- Nelson A. Lagos,
- María Elisa Jara,
- and Juan Carlos Castilla
Adaptive shell color plasticity during the early ontogeny of an intertidal keystone snail
PNAS 2009 106:16298-16303; published online before print September 2, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0908655106
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Biological Sciences - Ecology:
- Paulina Dąbrowska,
- Dalial Freitak,
- Heiko Vogel,
- David G. Heckel,
- and Wilhelm Boland
The phytohormone precursor OPDA is isomerized in the insect gut by a single, specific glutathione transferase
PNAS 2009 106:16304-16309; published online before print September 8, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0906942106

Environmental Sciences

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Social Sciences - Anthropology - Biological Sciences - Environmental Sciences:
- Jean-Denis Vigne,
- Antoine Zazzo,
- Jean-François Saliège,
- François Poplin,
- Jean Guilaine,
- and Alan Simmons
Pre-Neolithic wild boar management and introduction to Cyprus more than 11,400 years ago
PNAS 2009 106:16135-16138; published online before print August 18, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0905015106
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Social Sciences - Sustainability Science - Biological Sciences - Environmental Sciences:
- Patrick Meyfroidt
- and Eric F. Lambin
Forest transition in Vietnam and displacement of deforestation abroad
PNAS 2009 106:16139-16144; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0904942106

Evolution

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Research Articles - Social Sciences - Anthropology - Biological Sciences - Evolution:
- J. J. Hublin
Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: The origin of Neandertals
PNAS 2009 106:16022-16027; published online before print September 15, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0904119106
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Biological Sciences - Evolution:
- Dee R. Denver,
- Peter C. Dolan,
- Larry J. Wilhelm,
- Way Sung,
- J. Ignacio Lucas-Lledó,
- Dana K. Howe,
- Samantha C. Lewis,
- Kazu Okamoto,
- W. Kelley Thomas,
- Michael Lynch,
- and Charles F. Baer
A genome-wide view of Caenorhabditis elegans base-substitution mutation processes
PNAS 2009 106:16310-16314; published online before print September 10, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0904895106
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Biological Sciences - Evolution:
- Jean Peccoud,
- Jean-Christophe Simon,
- Heather J. McLaughlin,
- and Nancy A. Moran
Post-Pleistocene radiation of the pea aphid complex revealed by rapidly evolving endosymbionts
PNAS 2009 106:16315-16320; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0905129106
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Biological Sciences - Evolution:
- Yosuke Okano,
- Naoki Aono,
- Yuji Hiwatashi,
- Takashi Murata,
- Tomoaki Nishiyama,
- Takaaki Ishikawa,
- Minoru Kubo,
- and Mitsuyasu Hasebe
A polycomb repressive complex 2 gene regulates apogamy and gives evolutionary insights into early land plant evolution
PNAS 2009 106:16321-16326; published online before print September 9, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0906997106
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Biological Sciences - Evolution:
- Vydianathan Ravi,
- Kevin Lam,
- Boon-Hui Tay,
- Alice Tay,
- Sydney Brenner,
- and Byrappa Venkatesh
Elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii) provides insights into the evolution of Hox gene clusters in gnathostomes
PNAS 2009 106:16327-16332; published online before print September 3, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0907914106

Genetics

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Biological Sciences - Genetics:
- Maite Novo,
- Frédéric Bigey,
- Emmanuelle Beyne,
- Virginie Galeote,
- Frédérick Gavory,
- Sandrine Mallet,
- Brigitte Cambon,
- Jean-Luc Legras,
- Patrick Wincker,
- Serge Casaregola,
- and Sylvie Dequin
Eukaryote-to-eukaryote gene transfer events revealed by the genome sequence of the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae EC1118
PNAS 2009 106:16333-16338; published online before print September 9, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0904673106
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Biological Sciences - Genetics:
- Tao Lu,
- Mark W. Jackson,
- Aatur D. Singhi,
- Eugene S. Kandel,
- Maojing Yang,
- Yi Zhang,
- Andrei V. Gudkov,
- and George R. Stark
Validation-based insertional mutagenesis identifies lysine demethylase FBXL11 as a negative regulator of NFκB
PNAS 2009 106:16339-16344; published online before print September 1, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0908560106
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Immunology

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Biological Sciences - Immunology:
- Michael S. Patrick,
- Hiroyo Oda,
- Kunihiro Hayakawa,
- Yoshinori Sato,
- Koji Eshima,
- Teruo Kirikae,
- Shun-ichiro Iemura,
- Mutsunori Shirai,
- Takaya Abe,
- Tohru Natsume,
- Takehiko Sasazuki,
- and Harumi Suzuki
Gasp, a Grb2-associating protein, is critical for positive selection of thymocytes
PNAS 2009 106:16345-16350; published online before print September 14, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0908593106

Medical Sciences

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Biological Sciences - Medical Sciences:
- Robert Schlaberg,
- Daniel J. Choe,
- Kristy R. Brown,
- Harshwardhan M. Thaker,
- and Ila R. Singh
XMRV is present in malignant prostatic epithelium and is associated with prostate cancer, especially high-grade tumors
PNAS 2009 106:16351-16356; published online before print September 8, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0906922106
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Biological Sciences - Medical Sciences:
- Jae W. Lee,
- Xiaohui Fang,
- Naveen Gupta,
- Vladimir Serikov,
- and Michael A. Matthay
Allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of E. coli endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in the ex vivo perfused human lung
PNAS 2009 106:16357-16362; published online before print August 31, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0907996106
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Biological Sciences - Medical Sciences:
- Mark L. Brantly,
- Jeffrey D. Chulay,
- Lili Wang,
- Christian Mueller,
- Margaret Humphries,
- L. Terry Spencer,
- Farshid Rouhani,
- Thomas J. Conlon,
- Roberto Calcedo,
- Michael R. Betts,
- Carolyn Spencer,
- Barry J. Byrne,
- James M. Wilson,
- and Terence R. Flotte
Sustained transgene expression despite T lymphocyte responses in a clinical trial of rAAV1-AAT gene therapy
PNAS 2009 106:16363-16368; published online before print August 12, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0904514106
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Biological Sciences - Medical Sciences:
- Hitoshi Ishiguro,
- Kazunori Akimoto,
- Yoji Nagashima,
- Yasuyuki Kojima,
- Takeshi Sasaki,
- Yukari Ishiguro-Imagawa,
- Noboru Nakaigawa,
- Shigeo Ohno,
- Yoshinobu Kubota,
- and Hiroji Uemura
aPKCλ/ι promotes growth of prostate cancer cells in an autocrine manner through transcriptional activation of interleukin-6
PNAS 2009 106:16369-16374; published online before print September 2, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0907044106
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Biological Sciences - Medical Sciences:
- Quang-Dé Nguyen,
- Graham Smith,
- Matthias Glaser,
- Meg Perumal,
- Erik Årstad,
- and Eric O. Aboagye
Positron emission tomography imaging of drug-induced tumor apoptosis with a caspase-3/7 specific [¹⁸F]-labeled isatin sulfonamide
PNAS 2009 106:16375-16380; published online before print September 3, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0901310106
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Biological Sciences - Medical Sciences:
- Michael Li-Hsuan Huang,
- Erika M. Becker,
- Megan Whitnall,
- Yohan Suryo Rahmanto,
- Prem Ponka,
- and Des R. Richardson
Elucidation of the mechanism of mitochondrial iron loading in Friedreich's ataxia by analysis of a mouse mutant
PNAS 2009 106:16381-16386; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0906784106
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Biological Sciences - Medical Sciences:
- Eran R. Andrechek,
- Robert D. Cardiff,
- Jeffrey T. Chang,
- Michael L. Gatza,
- Chaitanya R. Acharya,
- Anil Potti,
- and Joseph R. Nevins
Genetic heterogeneity of Myc-induced mammary tumors reflecting diverse phenotypes including metastatic potential
PNAS 2009 106:16387-16392; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0901250106

Microbiology

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Biological Sciences - Microbiology:
- Leah M. Feazel,
- Laura K. Baumgartner,
- Kristen L. Peterson,
- Daniel N. Frank,
- J. Kirk Harris,
- and Norman R. Pace
Opportunistic pathogens enriched in showerhead biofilms
PNAS 2009 106:16393-16399; published online before print September 14, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0908446106
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Biological Sciences - Microbiology:
- Maria Valencia-Burton,
- Ankita Shah,
- Jason Sutin,
- Azra Borogovac,
- Ron M. McCullough,
- Charles R. Cantor,
- Amit Meller,
- and Natalia E. Broude
Spatiotemporal patterns and transcription kinetics of induced RNA in single bacterial cells
PNAS 2009 106:16399-16404; published online before print September 11, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0907495106
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Biological Sciences - Microbiology:
- Jay H. Russell
- and Kenneth C. Keiler
Subcellular localization of a bacterial regulatory RNA
PNAS 2009 106:16405-16409; published online before print September 11, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0904904106
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Biological Sciences - Microbiology:
- Qisheng Li,
- Abraham L. Brass,
- Aylwin Ng,
- Zongyi Hu,
- Ramnik J. Xavier,
- T. Jake Liang,
- and Stephen J. Elledge
A genome-wide genetic screen for host factors required for hepatitis C virus propagation
PNAS 2009 106:16410-16415; published online before print August 27, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0907439106
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Biological Sciences - Microbiology:
- Elena B. Tikhonova,
- Vishakha Dastidar,
- Valentin V. Rybenkov,
- and Helen I. Zgurskaya
Kinetic control of TolC recruitment by multidrug efflux complexes
PNAS 2009 106:16416-16421; published online before print September 2, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0906601106
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Biological Sciences - Microbiology:
- Jeffrey D. Gawronski,
- Sandy M. S. Wong,
- Georgia Giannoukos,
- Doyle V. Ward,
- and Brian J. Akerley
Tracking insertion mutants within libraries by deep sequencing and a genome-wide screen for Haemophilus genes required in the lung
PNAS 2009 106:16422-16427; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0906627106
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Biological Sciences - Microbiology:
- Nathanaël Delmotte,
- Claudia Knief,
- Samuel Chaffron,
- Gerd Innerebner,
- Bernd Roschitzki,
- Ralph Schlapbach,
- Christian von Mering,
- and Julia A. Vorholt
Community proteogenomics reveals insights into the physiology of phyllosphere bacteria
PNAS 2009 106:16428-16433; published online before print September 4, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0905240106
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Neuroscience

Pharmacology

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Biological Sciences - Pharmacology:
- Lauren S. Whyte,
- Erik Ryberg,
- Natalie A. Sims,
- Susan A. Ridge,
- Ken Mackie,
- Peter J. Greasley,
- Ruth A. Ross,
- and Michael J. Rogers
The putative cannabinoid receptor GPR55 affects osteoclast function in vitro and bone mass in vivo
PNAS 2009 106:16511-16516; published online before print September 3, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0902743106
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Physiology

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Biological Sciences - Physiology:
- Marty L. Montpetit,
- Patrick J. Stocker,
- Tara A. Schwetz,
- Jean M. Harper,
- Sarah A. Norring,
- Lana Schaffer,
- Simon J. North,
- Jihye Jang-Lee,
- Timothy Gilmartin,
- Steven R. Head,
- Stuart M. Haslam,
- Anne Dell,
- Jamey D. Marth,
- and Eric S. Bennett
Regulated and aberrant glycosylation modulate cardiac electrical signaling
PNAS 2009 106:16517-16522; published online before print August 7, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0905414106
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Biological Sciences - Physiology:
- Annie Mercier Zuber,
- Gabriel Centeno,
- Sylvain Pradervand,
- Svetlana Nikolaeva,
- Lionel Maquelin,
- Léonard Cardinaux,
- Olivier Bonny,
- and Dmitri Firsov
Molecular clock is involved in predictive circadian adjustment of renal function
PNAS 2009 106:16523-16528; published online before print September 9, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0904890106

Plant Biology

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Biological Sciences - Plant Biology:
- Sean P. Gordon,
- Vijay S. Chickarmane,
- Carolyn Ohno,
- and Elliot M. Meyerowitz
Multiple feedback loops through cytokinin signaling control stem cell number within the Arabidopsis shoot meristem
PNAS 2009 106:16529-16534; published online before print August 26, 2009, doi:10.1073/pnas.0908122106
- See commentary article on page 16016 in issue 38 of volume 106

FROM THE COVER

This Week in PNAS

In This Issue

Letters (Online Only)

Poor methodology for predicting large-scale tree die-off

Reply to Leuzinger et al.: Drought-induced tree mortality temperature sensitivity requires pressing forward with best available science

Overlook agricultural research at our peril

Editorial

Darwin and the recent African origin of modern humans

Commentaries

Finding needles in DNA stacks

ABCs of erythroid mitochondrial iron uptake

Trophoblast stem cells derived from nuclear transfer embryos: Phenotypically unique, bad neighbors, or poor communicators?

Cytokinin and WUSCHEL tie the knot around plant stem cells

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature (free online)

Perspectives

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Human origins: Out of Africa

From the Cover: Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: The meaning of Neandertal skeletal morphology

Research Articles

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: The origin of Neandertals

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Isotopic evidence for the diets of European Neanderthals and early modern humans

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: The spread of modern humans in Europe

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Middle and later Pleistocene hominins in Africa and Southwest Asia

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Additional evidence on the use of personal ornaments in the Middle Paleolithic of North Africa

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Explaining worldwide patterns of human genetic variation using a coalescent-based serial founder model of migration outward from Africa

Physical Sciences

Applied Physical Sciences

Fabrication of large binary colloidal crystals with a NaCl structure

Chemistry

A simple ligand that selectively targets CUG trinucleotide repeats and inhibits MBNL protein binding

Atypical mechanism of conduction in potassium channels

Chemical dynamics of triacetylene formation and implications to the synthesis of polyynes in Titan's atmosphere

Spectroscopic evidence for an engineered, catalytically active Trp radical that creates the unique reactivity of lignin peroxidase

Detecting intrinsic slow variables in stochastic dynamical systems by anisotropic diffusion maps

Chemoenzymatic synthesis of GDP-l-fucose and the Lewis X glycan derivatives

Profiling protein thiol oxidation in tumor cells using sulfenic acid-specific antibodies

Engineering

A realistic molecular model of cement hydrates

Competing grain-boundary- and dislocation-mediated mechanisms in plastic strain recovery in nanocrystalline aluminum

Environmental Sciences

Polar firn air reveals large-scale impact of anthropogenic mercury emissions during the 1970s

Long-term natural variability and 20th century climate change

Quantification of rapid environmental redox processes with quick-scanning x-ray absorption spectroscopy (Q-XAS)

Sustainability Science

From the Cover: Setting cumulative emissions targets to reduce the risk of dangerous climate change

Social Sciences

Anthropology

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: The origin of Neandertals

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Additional evidence on the use of personal ornaments in the Middle Paleolithic of North Africa

Pre-Neolithic wild boar management and introduction to Cyprus more than 11,400 years ago

Sustainability Science

Forest transition in Vietnam and displacement of deforestation abroad

Biological Sciences

Anthropology

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Isotopic evidence for the diets of European Neanderthals and early modern humans

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: The spread of modern humans in Europe

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Middle and later Pleistocene hominins in Africa and Southwest Asia

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Additional evidence on the use of personal ornaments in the Middle Paleolithic of North Africa

Out of Africa: Modern Human Origins Special Feature: Explaining worldwide patterns of human genetic variation using a coalescent-based serial founder model of migration outward from Africa

Applied Biological Sciences

Visualizing sodium dynamics in isolated cardiomyocytes using fluorescent nanosensors

Tracking the roots of cellulase hyperproduction by the fungus Trichoderma reesei using massively parallel DNA sequencing

C-end rule peptides mediate neuropilin-1-dependent cell, vascular, and tissue penetration

Biochemistry

A simple ligand that selectively targets CUG trinucleotide repeats and inhibits MBNL protein binding

Profiling protein thiol oxidation in tumor cells using sulfenic acid-specific antibodies

The cytochrome ba3 oxygen reductase from Thermus thermophilus uses a single input channel for proton delivery to the active site and for proton pumping

Intramembrane proteolytic cleavage of a membrane-tethered transcription factor by a metalloprotease depends on ATP

Crystallographic snapshots of iterative substrate translocations during nicotianamine synthesis in archaea

Structural plasticity and catalysis regulation of a thermosensor histidine kinase

Phosphoinositides and SNARE chaperones synergistically assemble and remodel SNARE complexes for membrane fusion

An Armadillo motif in Ufd3 interacts with Cdc48 and is involved in ubiquitin homeostasis and protein degradation

Limited terminal transferase in human DNA polymerase μ defines the required balance between accuracy and efficiency in NHEJ

Biogenesis of glutaminyl-mt tRNAGln in human mitochondria

Structure of a tRNA-dependent kinase essential for selenocysteine decoding

NO formation by a catalytically self-sufficient bacterial nitric oxide synthase from Sorangium cellulosum

Biophysics and Computational Biology

Atypical mechanism of conduction in potassium channels

Short-distance probes for protein backbone structure based on energy transfer between bimane and transition metal ions

The cytochrome ba₃ oxygen reductase from Thermus thermophilus uses a single input channel for proton delivery to the active site and for proton pumping

Biogenesis of glutaminyl-mt tRNA^Gln in human mitochondria

Clustering of α₅β₁ integrins determines adhesion strength whereas α_vβ₃ and talin enable mechanotransduction

Highly tumorigenic lung cancer CD133⁺ cells display stem-like features and are spared by cisplatin treatment

Positron emission tomography imaging of drug-induced tumor apoptosis with a caspase-3/7 specific [¹⁸F]-labeled isatin sulfonamide

Differential but convergent functions of Ca²⁺ binding to synaptotagmin-1 C₂ domains mediate neurotransmitter release