Cathepsins B and D are dispensable for major histocompatibility complex class II-mediated antigen presentation

Abstract

Antigen presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules requires the participation of different proteases in the endocytic route to degrade endocytosed antigens as well as the MHC class II-associated invariant chain (Ii). Thus far, only the cysteine protease cathepsin (Cat) S appears essential for complete destruction of Ii. The enzymes involved in degradation of the antigens themselves remain to be identified. Degradation of antigens in vitro and experiments using protease inhibitors have suggested that Cat B and Cat D, two major aspartyl and cysteine proteases, respectively, are involved in antigen degradation. We have analyzed the antigen-presenting properties of cells derived from mice deficient in either Cat B or Cat D. Although the absence of these proteases provoked a modest shift in the efficiency of presentation of some antigenic determinants, the overall capacity of Cat B^−/− or Cat D^−/− antigen-presenting cells was unaffected. Degradation of Ii proceeded normally in Cat B^−/− splenocytes, as it did in Cat D^−/− cells. We conclude that neither Cat B nor Cat D are essential for MHC class II-mediated antigen presentation.