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COMMENTARIES

Janet R. Sparrow

Therapy for macular degeneration: Insights from acne
PNAS 2003 100: 4353-4354; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.1031478100 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
See companion article on page 4742

G. F. Webb

A silent bomb: The risk of anthrax as a weapon of mass destruction
PNAS 2003 100: 4355-4356; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0830963100 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
See companion article on page 4346 in issue 7 of volume 100

James M. Cheverud

Evolution in a genetically heritable social environment
PNAS 2003 100: 4357-4359; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0931311100 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
See companion article on page 4655

Malcolm A. Ferguson-Smith

Placental mRNA in maternal plasma: Prospects for fetal screening
PNAS 2003 100: 4360-4362; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0830966100 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
See companion article on page 4748

Thomas P. Wilm and Lilianna Solnica-Krezel

Radar breaks the fog: Insights into dorsoventral patterning in zebrafish
PNAS 2003 100: 4363-4365; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0931010100 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
See companion article on page 3315 in issue 6 of volume 100

Vernon L. Scarborough

How to interpret an ancient landscape
PNAS 2003 100: 4366-4368; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0831134100 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
See companion article on page 4957

Elizabeth A. Kellogg

What happens to genes in duplicated genomes
PNAS 2003 100: 4369-4371; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0831050100 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
See companion article on page 4649

PHYSICAL SCIENCES

Applied Mathematics

Debra S. Goldberg and Frederick P. Roth

Assessing experimentally derived interactions in a small world
PNAS 2003 100: 4372-4376; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0735871100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Chemistry

Ying-Zhong Ma, Nancy E. Holt, Xiao-Ping Li, Krishna K. Niyogi, and Graham R. Fleming

Evidence for direct carotenoid involvement in the regulation of photosynthetic light harvesting
PNAS 2003 100: 4377-4382; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736959100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Sung-Joo E. Lee, Yuko Hori, and Arup K. Chakraborty

Low T cell receptor expression and thermal fluctuations contribute to formation of dynamic multifocal synapses in thymocytes
PNAS 2003 100: 4383-4388; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0630563100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Stephen J. Haggarty, Kathryn M. Koeller, Jason C. Wong, Christina M. Grozinger, and Stuart L. Schreiber

Domain-selective small-molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-mediated tubulin deacetylation
PNAS 2003 100: 4389-4394; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0430973100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Engineering

Barry R. Lutz, Jian Chen, and Daniel T. Schwartz

Microfluidics without microfabrication
PNAS 2003 100: 4395-4398; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0831077100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Geology

Frank A. Corsetti, Stanley M. Awramik, and David Pierce

A complex microbiota from snowball Earth times: Microfossils from the Neoproterozoic Kingston Peak Formation, Death Valley, USA
PNAS 2003 100: 4399-4404; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730560100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Geophysics

Jung-Fu Lin, Dion L. Heinz, Ho-kwang Mao, Russell J. Hemley, James M. Devine, Jie Li, and Guoyin Shen

Stability of magnesiowüstite in Earth's lower mantle
PNAS 2003 100: 4405-4408; published online before print March 26 2003, 10.1073/pnas.252782399 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Mathematics

Spyros Alexakis

On conformally invariant differential operators in odd dimensions
PNAS 2003 100: 4409-4410; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0430972100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Physics

Terence Hwa, Enzo Marinari, Kim Sneppen, and Lei-han Tang

Localization of denaturation bubbles in random DNA sequences
PNAS 2003 100: 4411-4416; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736291100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Steven S. Plotkin and Peter G. Wolynes

Buffed energy landscapes: Another solution to the kinetic paradoxes of protein folding
PNAS 2003 100: 4417-4422; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0330720100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

SOCIAL SCIENCES

Anthropology

Social Sciences

Norman Myers and Jennifer Kent

New consumers: The influence of affluence on the environment
PNAS 2003 100: 4963-4968; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0438061100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Text]  

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Applied Biological Sciences

David T. Berg, Bruce Gerlitz, Jing Shang, Tommy Smith, Paula Santa, Mark A. Richardson, Ken D. Kurz, Brian W. Grinnell, Ken Mace, and Bryan E. Jones

Engineering the proteolytic specificity of activated protein C improves its pharmacological properties
PNAS 2003 100: 4423-4428; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736918100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Christoph Rudolph, Peter H. Schreier, and Joachim F. Uhrig

Peptide-mediated broad-spectrum plant resistance to tospoviruses
PNAS 2003 100: 4429-4434; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730832100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Lauge Schäffer, Renee E. Brissette, Jane C. Spetzler, Renuka C. Pillutla, Søren Østergaard, Michael Lennick, Jakob Brandt, Paul W. Fletcher, Gillian M. Danielsen, Ku-Chuan Hsiao, Asser S. Andersen, Olga Dedova, Ulla Ribel, Thomas Hoeg-Jensen, Per Hertz Hansen, Arthur J. Blume, Jan Markussen, and Neil I. Goldstein

Assembly of high-affinity insulin receptor agonists and antagonists from peptide building blocks
PNAS 2003 100: 4435-4439; published online before print April 8 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0830026100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Biochemistry

Debra S. Goldberg and Frederick P. Roth

Assessing experimentally derived interactions in a small world
PNAS 2003 100: 4372-4376; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0735871100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Hiroshi Miyamoto, Padma Marwah, Ashok Marwah, Henry Lardy, and Chawnshang Chang

3-Acetoxyandrost-1,5-diene-17-ethylene ketal functions as a potent antiandrogen with marginal agonist activity
PNAS 2003 100: 4440-4444; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0831001100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Neal M. Alto, Scott H. Soderling, Naoto Hoshi, Lorene K. Langeberg, Rosa Fayos, Patricia A. Jennings, and John D. Scott

Bioinformatic design of A-kinase anchoring protein-in silico: A potent and selective peptide antagonist of type II protein kinase A anchoring
PNAS 2003 100: 4445-4450; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0330734100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Silke Suer, Saurav Misra, Layla F. Saidi, and James H. Hurley

Structure of the GAT domain of human GGA1: A syntaxin amino-terminal domain fold in an endosomal trafficking adaptor
PNAS 2003 100: 4451-4456; published online before print March 31 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0831133100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Wei Zhou, Gerald M. Edelman, and Vincent P. Mauro

Isolation and identification of short nucleotide sequences that affect translation initiation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PNAS 2003 100: 4457-4462; published online before print April 4 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0437993100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Lewyn Li, Eugene I. Shakhnovich, and Leonid A. Mirny

Amino acids determining enzyme-substrate specificity in prokaryotic and eukaryotic protein kinases
PNAS 2003 100: 4463-4468; published online before print April 4 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0737647100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Text]  

James C. Delaney, Paul T. Henderson, Sandra A. Helquist, Juan C. Morales, John M. Essigmann, and Eric T. Kool

High-fidelity in vivo replication of DNA base shape mimics without Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds
PNAS 2003 100: 4469-4473; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0837277100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Tetsuro Ago, Futoshi Kuribayashi, Hidekazu Hiroaki, Ryu Takeya, Takashi Ito, Daisuke Kohda, and Hideki Sumimoto

Phosphorylation of p47^phox directs phox homology domain from SH3 domain toward phosphoinositides, leading to phagocyte NADPH oxidase activation
PNAS 2003 100: 4474-4479; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0735712100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Shu-ou Shan and Peter Walter

Induced nucleotide specificity in a GTPase
PNAS 2003 100: 4480-4485; published online before print March 27 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0737693100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Christopher I. Keeling, Keith N. Slessor, Heather A. Higo, and Mark L. Winston

New components of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) queen retinue pheromone
PNAS 2003 100: 4486-4491; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0836984100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Soo-A Kim, Panayiotis O. Vacratsis, Ron Firestein, Michael L. Cleary, and Jack E. Dixon

Regulation of myotubularin-related (MTMR)2 phosphatidylinositol phosphatase by MTMR5, a catalytically inactive phosphatase
PNAS 2003 100: 4492-4497; published online before print March 31 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0431052100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jason P. Gardner, Robert J. Durso, Robert R. Arrigale, Gerald P. Donovan, Paul J. Maddon, Tatjana Dragic, and William C. Olson

L-SIGN (CD 209L) is a liver-specific capture receptor for hepatitis C virus
PNAS 2003 100: 4498-4503; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0831128100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jeffrey Van Ness, Lori K. Van Ness, and David J. Galas

Isothermal reactions for the amplification of oligonucleotides
PNAS 2003 100: 4504-4509; published online before print April 4 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730811100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Hang Gyeong Chin, Gun-Do Kim, Ivan Marin, Fana Mersha, Thomas C. Evans, Jr., Lixin Chen, Ming-Qun Xu, and Sriharsa Pradhan

Protein trans-splicing in transgenic plant chloroplast: Reconstruction of herbicide resistance from split genes
PNAS 2003 100: 4510-4515; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736538100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Biophysics

Terence Hwa, Enzo Marinari, Kim Sneppen, and Lei-han Tang

Localization of denaturation bubbles in random DNA sequences
PNAS 2003 100: 4411-4416; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736291100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Steven S. Plotkin and Peter G. Wolynes

Buffed energy landscapes: Another solution to the kinetic paradoxes of protein folding
PNAS 2003 100: 4417-4422; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0330720100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Lachlan Coin, Alex Bateman, and Richard Durbin

Enhanced protein domain discovery by using language modeling techniques from speech recognition
PNAS 2003 100: 4516-4520; published online before print March 31 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0737502100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Table]  

Arpita Upadhyaya, Jeffrey R. Chabot, Albina Andreeva, Azadeh Samadani, and Alexander van Oudenaarden

Probing polymerization forces by using actin-propelled lipid vesicles
PNAS 2003 100: 4521-4526; published online before print March 25 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0837027100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Thomas Scheibel, Raghuveer Parthasarathy, George Sawicki, Xiao-Min Lin, Heinrich Jaeger, and Susan L. Lindquist

Conducting nanowires built by controlled self-assembly of amyloid fibers and selective metal deposition
PNAS 2003 100: 4527-4532; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0431081100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Randall G. Worth, Moo-Kyung Kim, Andrei L. Kindzelskii, Howard R. Petty, and Alan D. Schreiber

Signal sequence within FcRIIA controls calcium wave propagation patterns: Apparent role in phagolysosome fusion
PNAS 2003 100: 4533-4538; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0836650100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Cameron Mura, Martin Phillips, Anna Kozhukhovsky, and David Eisenberg

Structure and assembly of an augmented Sm-like archaeal protein 14-mer
PNAS 2003 100: 4539-4544; published online before print March 31 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0538042100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Martin Tollinger, Karin A. Crowhurst, Lewis E. Kay, and Julie D. Forman-Kay

Site-specific contributions to the pH dependence of protein stability
PNAS 2003 100: 4545-4550; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736600100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Michael L. Simpson, Chris D. Cox, and Gary S. Sayler

Frequency domain analysis of noise in autoregulated gene circuits
PNAS 2003 100: 4551-4556; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736140100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

P. E. Mason, G. W. Neilson, C. E. Dempsey, A. C. Barnes, and J. M. Cruickshank

The hydration structure of guanidinium and thiocyanate ions: Implications for protein stability in aqueous solution
PNAS 2003 100: 4557-4561; published online before print April 8 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0735920100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Cell Biology

Stephen J. Haggarty, Kathryn M. Koeller, Jason C. Wong, Christina M. Grozinger, and Stuart L. Schreiber

Domain-selective small-molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6)-mediated tubulin deacetylation
PNAS 2003 100: 4389-4394; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0430973100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

C. J. Loy, K. S. Sim, and E. L. Yong

Filamin-A fragment localizes to the nucleus to regulate androgen receptor and coactivator functions
PNAS 2003 100: 4562-4567; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736237100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Madeleine Grooteclaes, Quinn Deveraux, Jeffrey Hildebrand, Qinghong Zhang, Richard H. Goodman, and Steven M. Frisch

C-terminal-binding protein corepresses epithelial and proapoptotic gene expression programs
PNAS 2003 100: 4568-4573; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0830998100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Tables]  

Anton Chestukhin, Christian Pfeffer, Scott Milligan, James A. DeCaprio, and David Pellman

Processing, localization, and requirement of human separase for normal anaphase progression
PNAS 2003 100: 4574-4579; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730733100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Alla Danilkovitch-Miagkova, Fuh-Mei Duh, Igor Kuzmin, Debora Angeloni, Shan-Lu Liu, A. Dusty Miller, and Michael I. Lerman

Hyaluronidase 2 negatively regulates RON receptor tyrosine kinase and mediates transformation of epithelial cells by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus
PNAS 2003 100: 4580-4585; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0837136100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Lelio Orci, Mariella Ravazzola, Gary J. Mack, Charles Barlowe, and Stefan Otte

Mammalian Erv46 localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment and to cis-Golgi cisternae
PNAS 2003 100: 4586-4591; published online before print March 27 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730885100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Paul L. McNeil, Katsuya Miyake, and Steven S. Vogel

The endomembrane requirement for cell surface repair
PNAS 2003 100: 4592-4597; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736739100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jun Liu, Kenneth K. Lee, Miriam Segura-Totten, Ester Neufeld, Katherine L. Wilson, and Yosef Gruenbaum

MAN1 and emerin have overlapping function(s) essential for chromosome segregation and cell division in Caenorhabditis elegans
PNAS 2003 100: 4598-4603; published online before print April 8 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730821100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Enrico Schleiff, Marko Jelic, and Jürgen Soll

A GTP-driven motor moves proteins across the outer envelope of chloroplasts
PNAS 2003 100: 4604-4609; published online before print March 28 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730860100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Syed Haq, Ashour Michael, Michele Andreucci, Kausik Bhattacharya, Paolo Dotto, Brian Walters, James Woodgett, Heiko Kilter, and Thomas Force

Stabilization of -catenin by a Wnt-independent mechanism regulates cardiomyocyte growth
PNAS 2003 100: 4610-4615; published online before print March 31 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0835895100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Developmental Biology

Juliet A. Williams, Oivin M. Guicherit, Beatrice I. Zaharian, Yin Xu, Ling Chai, Hynek Wichterle, Charlene Kon, Christine Gatchalian, Jeffery A. Porter, Lee L. Rubin, and Frank Y. Wang

Identification of a small molecule inhibitor of the hedgehog signaling pathway: Effects on basal cell carcinoma-like lesions
PNAS 2003 100: 4616-4621; published online before print April 4 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0732813100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Lisa L. Sandell, Xiao-Juan Guan, Robert Ingram, and Shirley M. Tilghman

Gatm, a creatine synthesis enzyme, is imprinted in mouse placenta
PNAS 2003 100: 4622-4627; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0230424100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Cheryl S. Rosenfeld, Kristie M. Grimm, Kimberly A. Livingston, Angela M. Brokman, William E. Lamberson, and R. Michael Roberts

Striking variation in the sex ratio of pups born to mice according to whether maternal diet is high in fat or carbohydrate
PNAS 2003 100: 4628-4632; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0330808100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Toshie Kai and Allan Spradling

An empty Drosophila stem cell niche reactivates the proliferation of ectopic cells
PNAS 2003 100: 4633-4638; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0830856100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Evolution

Blanca E. Galindo, Victor D. Vacquier, and Willie J. Swanson

Positive selection in the egg receptor for abalone sperm lysin
PNAS 2003 100: 4639-4643; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0830022100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Ariel Roguin, Aaron Avivi, Samy Nitecki, Irit Rubinstein, Nina S. Levy, Zaid A. Abassi, Murray B. Resnick, Orit Lache, Meira Melamed-Frank, Alma Joel, Aaron Hoffman, Eviatar Nevo, and Andrew P. Levy

Restoration of blood flow by using continuous perimuscular infiltration of plasmid DNA encoding subterranean mole rat Spalax ehrenbergi VEGF
PNAS 2003 100: 4644-4648; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0330833100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Keith L. Adams, Richard Cronn, Ryan Percifield, and Jonathan F. Wendel

Genes duplicated by polyploidy show unequal contributions to the transcriptome and organ-specific reciprocal silencing
PNAS 2003 100: 4649-4654; published online before print March 28 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0630618100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  
See Commentary on page 4369

Jason B. Wolf From the Cover: Genetic architecture and evolutionary constraint when the environment contains genes PNAS 2003 100: 4655-4660; published online before print March 14 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0635741100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]   See Commentary on page 4357

Roy J. Britten, Lee Rowen, John Williams, and R. Andrew Cameron

Majority of divergence between closely related DNA samples is due to indels
PNAS 2003 100: 4661-4665; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0330964100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Genetics

Despina Sanoudou, Judith N. Haslett, Alvin T. Kho, Shaoqiang Guo, Hanna T. Gazda, Steven A. Greenberg, Hart G. W. Lidov, Isaac S. Kohane, Louis M. Kunkel, and Alan H. Beggs

Expression profiling reveals altered satellite cell numbers and glycolytic enzyme transcription in nemaline myopathy muscle
PNAS 2003 100: 4666-4671; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0330960100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Anders Løbner-Olesen, Martin G. Marinus, and Flemming G. Hansen

Role of SeqA and Dam in Escherichia coli gene expression: A global/microarray analysis
PNAS 2003 100: 4672-4677; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0538053100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

K. Kobayashi, S. D. Ehrlich, A. Albertini, G. Amati, K. K. Andersen, M. Arnaud, K. Asai, S. Ashikaga, S. Aymerich, P. Bessieres, F. Boland, S. C. Brignell, S. Bron, K. Bunai, J. Chapuis, L. C. Christiansen, A. Danchin, M. Débarbouillé, E. Dervyn, E. Deuerling, K. Devine, S. K. Devine, O. Dreesen, J. Errington, S. Fillinger, S. J. Foster, Y. Fujita, A. Galizzi, R. Gardan, C. Eschevins, T. Fukushima, K. Haga, C. R. Harwood, M. Hecker, D. Hosoya, M. F. Hullo, H. Kakeshita, D. Karamata, Y. Kasahara, F. Kawamura, K. Koga, P. Koski, R. Kuwana, D. Imamura, M. Ishimaru, S. Ishikawa, I. Ishio, D. Le Coq, A. Masson, C. Mauël, R. Meima, R. P. Mellado, A. Moir, S. Moriya, E. Nagakawa, H. Nanamiya, S. Nakai, P. Nygaard, M. Ogura, T. Ohanan, M. O'Reilly, M. O'Rourke, Z. Pragai, H. M. Pooley, G. Rapoport, J. P. Rawlins, L. A. Rivas, C. Rivolta, A. Sadaie, Y. Sadaie, M. Sarvas, T. Sato, H. H. Saxild, E. Scanlan, W. Schumann, J. F. M. L. Seegers, J. Sekiguchi, A. Sekowska, S. J. Séror, M. Simon, P. Stragier, R. Studer, H. Takamatsu, T. Tanaka, M. Takeuchi, H. B. Thomaides, V. Vagner, J. M. van Dijl, K. Watabe, A. Wipat, H. Yamamoto, M. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto, K. Yamane, K. Yata, K. Yoshida, H. Yoshikawa, U. Zuber, and N. Ogasawara

Essential Bacillus subtilis genes
PNAS 2003 100: 4678-4683; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730515100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Matthew W. State, John M. Greally, Adam Cuker, Peter N. Bowers, Octavian Henegariu, Thomas M. Morgan, Murat Gunel, Michael DiLuna, Robert A. King, Carol Nelson, Abigail Donovan, George M. Anderson, James F. Leckman, Trevor Hawkins, David L. Pauls, Richard P. Lifton, and David C. Ward

Epigenetic abnormalities associated with a chromosome 18(q21-q22) inversion and a Gilles de la Tourette syndrome phenotype
PNAS 2003 100: 4684-4689; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730775100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Tiebing Liang, John Spence, Lixiang Liu, Wendy N. Strother, Hwai Wen Chang, Julie A. Ellison, Lawrence Lumeng, Ting-Kai Li, Tatiana Foroud, and Lucinda G. Carr

-Synuclein maps to a quantitative trait locus for alcohol preference and is differentially expressed in alcohol-preferring and -nonpreferring rats
PNAS 2003 100: 4690-4695; published online before print March 28 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0737182100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Naoko Sogame, Misoo Kim, and John M. Abrams

Drosophila p53 preserves genomic stability by regulating cell death
PNAS 2003 100: 4696-4701; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736384100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Text]  

C. Victor Jongeneel, Christian Iseli, Brian J. Stevenson, Gregory J. Riggins, Anita Lal, Alan Mackay, Robert A. Harris, Michael J. O'Hare, A. Munro Neville, Andrew J. G. Simpson, and Robert L. Strausberg

Comprehensive sampling of gene expression in human cell lines with massively parallel signature sequencing
PNAS 2003 100: 4702-4705; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0831040100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Akinori Kato, Tammy Latifi, and Eduardo A. Groisman

Closing the loop: The PmrA/PmrB two-component system negatively controls expression of its posttranscriptional activator PmrD
PNAS 2003 100: 4706-4711; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0836837100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Immunology

Sung-Joo E. Lee, Yuko Hori, and Arup K. Chakraborty

Low T cell receptor expression and thermal fluctuations contribute to formation of dynamic multifocal synapses in thymocytes
PNAS 2003 100: 4383-4388; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0630563100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

F. Stephen Hodi, Martin C. Mihm, Robert J. Soiffer, Frank G. Haluska, Marcus Butler, Michael V. Seiden, Thomas Davis, Rochele Henry-Spires, Suzanne MacRae, Ann Willman, Robert Padera, Michael T. Jaklitsch, Sridhar Shankar, Teresa C. Chen, Alan Korman, James P. Allison, and Glenn Dranoff

Biologic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 antibody blockade in previously vaccinated metastatic melanoma and ovarian carcinoma patients
PNAS 2003 100: 4712-4717; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0830997100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Stanislava Uhrinova, Feng Lin, Graeme Ball, Krystyna Bromek, Dusan Uhrin, M. Edward Medof, and Paul N. Barlow

Solution structure of a functionally active fragment of decay-accelerating factor
PNAS 2003 100: 4718-4723; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730844100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Patrick R. Burkett, Rima Koka, Marcia Chien, Sophia Chai, Faye Chan, Averil Ma, and David L. Boone

IL-15R expression on CD8⁺ T cells is dispensable for T cell memory
PNAS 2003 100: 4724-4729; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0737048100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Julia Kurth, Martin-Leo Hansmann, Klaus Rajewsky, and Ralf Küppers

Epstein-Barr virus-infected B cells expanding in germinal centers of infectious mononucleosis patients do not participate in the germinal center reaction
PNAS 2003 100: 4730-4735; published online before print March 28 2003, 10.1073/pnas.2627966100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Medical Sciences

Karen S. Moulton, Khashayar Vakili, David Zurakowski, Mohsin Soliman, Catherine Butterfield, Erik Sylvin, Kin-Ming Lo, Stephen Gillies, Kashi Javaherian, and Judah Folkman

Inhibition of plaque neovascularization reduces macrophage accumulation and progression of advanced atherosclerosis
PNAS 2003 100: 4736-4741; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730843100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Roxana A. Radu, Nathan L. Mata, Steven Nusinowitz, Xinran Liu, Paul A. Sieving, and Gabriel H. Travis From the Cover: Treatment with isotretinoin inhibits lipofuscin accumulation in a mouse model of recessive Stargardt's macular degeneration PNAS 2003 100: 4742-4747; published online before print April 1 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0737855100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]   See Commentary on page 4353

Enders K. O. Ng, Nancy B. Y. Tsui, Tze K. Lau, Tse N. Leung, Rossa W. K. Chiu, Nirmal S. Panesar, Lydia C. W. Lit, Kam-Wing Chan, and Y. M. Dennis Lo From the Cover: mRNA of placental origin is readily detectable in maternal plasma PNAS 2003 100: 4748-4753; published online before print March 18 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0637450100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]   See Commentary on page 4360

Noel M. Caplice, T. Jared Bunch, Paul G. Stalboerger, Shaohua Wang, David Simper, Dylan V. Miller, Stephen J. Russell, Mark R. Litzow, and William D. Edwards

Smooth muscle cells in human coronary atherosclerosis can originate from cells administered at marrow transplantation
PNAS 2003 100: 4754-4759; published online before print March 28 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730743100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Maurice Phil DeYoung, Matthew Tress, and Ramaswamy Narayanan

Identification of Down's syndrome critical locus gene SIM2-s as a drug therapy target for solid tumors
PNAS 2003 100: 4760-4765; published online before print April 3 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0831000100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Akulapalli Sudhakar, Hikaru Sugimoto, Changqing Yang, Julie Lively, Michael Zeisberg, and Raghu Kalluri

Human tumstatin and human endostatin exhibit distinct antiangiogenic activities mediated by v3 and 51 integrins
PNAS 2003 100: 4766-4771; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730882100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

José Luis Oliva, Dolores Pérez-Sala, Antonio Castrillo, Natalia Martínez, F. Javier Cañada, Lisardo Boscá, and José M. Rojas

The cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-^12,14-prostaglandin J₂ binds to and activates H-Ras
PNAS 2003 100: 4772-4777; published online before print April 8 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0735842100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

René Daniel, Gary Kao, Konstantin Taganov, James G. Greger, Olga Favorova, George Merkel, Tim J. Yen, Richard A. Katz, and Anna Marie Skalka

Evidence that the retroviral DNA integration process triggers an ATR-dependent DNA damage response
PNAS 2003 100: 4778-4783; published online before print April 4 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730887100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Carsten Korth, Kiyotoshi Kaneko, Darlene Groth, Norbert Heye, Glenn Telling, James Mastrianni, Piero Parchi, Pierluigi Gambetti, Robert Will, James Ironside, Cornelia Heinrich, Patrick Tremblay, Stephen J. DeArmond, and Stanley B. Prusiner

Abbreviated incubation times for human prions in mice expressing a chimeric mouse-human prion protein transgene
PNAS 2003 100: 4784-4789; published online before print April 8 2003, 10.1073/pnas.2627989100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

D. N. Angelov, S. Waibel, O. Guntinas-Lichius, M. Lenzen, W. F. Neiss, T. L. Tomov, E. Yoles, J. Kipnis, H. Schori, A. Reuter, A. Ludolph, and M. Schwartz

Therapeutic vaccine for acute and chronic motor neuron diseases: Implications for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
PNAS 2003 100: 4790-4795; published online before print March 31 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0530191100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Manoj T. Duraisingh, Alexander G. Maier, Tony Triglia, and Alan F. Cowman

Erythrocyte-binding antigen 175 mediates invasion in Plasmodium falciparum utilizing sialic acid-dependent and -independent pathways
PNAS 2003 100: 4796-4801; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730883100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Laura Calvillo, Roberto Latini, Jan Kajstura, Annarosa Leri, Piero Anversa, Pietro Ghezzi, Monica Salio, Anthony Cerami, and Michael Brines

Recombinant human erythropoietin protects the myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion injury and promotes beneficial remodeling
PNAS 2003 100: 4802-4806; published online before print March 27 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0630444100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Lei Li, M. Page Haynes, and Jeffrey R. Bender

Plasma membrane localization and function of the estrogen receptor variant (ER46) in human endothelial cells
PNAS 2003 100: 4807-4812; published online before print April 7 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0831079100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Csaba Kiss, Jun Nishikawa, Kenzo Takada, Pankaj Trivedi, George Klein, and Laszlo Szekely

T cell leukemia I oncogene expression depends on the presence of Epstein-Barr virus in the virus- carrying Burkitt lymphoma lines
PNAS 2003 100: 4813-4818; published online before print April 2 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730710100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

M. C. Strain, H. F. Günthard, D. V. Havlir, C. C. Ignacio, D. M. Smith, A. J. Leigh-Brown, T. R. Macaranas, R. Y. Lam, O. A. Daly, M. Fischer, M. Opravil, H. Levine, L. Bacheler, C. A. Spina, D. D. Richman, and J. K. Wong

Heterogeneous clearance rates of long-lived lymphocytes infected with HIV: Intrinsic stability predicts lifelong persistence
PNAS 2003 100: 4819-4824; published online before print April 8 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0736332100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Microbiology

Sunil J. Advani, Ralph R. Weichselbaum, and Bernard Roizman

Herpes simplex virus 1 activates cdc2 to recruit topoisomerase II for post-DNA synthesis expression of late genes
PNAS 2003 100: 4825-4830; published online before print March 28 2003, 10.1073/pnas.0730735100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Craig R. Brunetti, Mini Paulose-Murphy, Rajkumari Singh, Jing Qin, John W. Barrett, Aubry Tardivel, Pascal Schne