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COMMENTARIES

George P. Chrousos

Is 11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 a good therapeutic target for blockade of glucocorticoid actions?
PNAS 2004 101: 6329-6330; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401671101 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
See companion article on page 6734

Sandip Niyogi and Robert C. Haddon

Behavior of fluids in nanoscopic space
PNAS 2004 101: 6331-6332; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401508101 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Hugo D. Critchley

The human cortex responds to an interoceptive challenge
PNAS 2004 101: 6333-6334; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401510101 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

PHYSICAL SCIENCES

Engineering

M. A. Haque and M. T. A. Saif

Deformation mechanisms in free-standing nanoscale thin films: A quantitative in situ transmission electron microscope study
PNAS 2004 101: 6335-6340; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400066101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Geophysics

Ryan C. Bay, Nathan Bramall, and P. Buford Price

Bipolar correlation of volcanism with millennial climate change
PNAS 2004 101: 6341-6345; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400323101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Renyi Zhang, Wenfang Lei, Xuexi Tie, and Peter Hess

Industrial emissions cause extreme urban ozone diurnal variability
PNAS 2004 101: 6346-6350; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401484101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

SOCIAL SCIENCES

Anthropology

Psychology

Hans C. Lou, Bruce Luber, Michael Crupain, Julian P. Keenan, Markus Nowak, Troels W. Kjaer, Harold A. Sackeim, and Sarah H. Lisanby

Parietal cortex and representation of the mental Self
PNAS 2004 101: 6827-6832; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400049101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Agricultural Sciences

K. Schmidt-Rohr, J.-D. Mao, and D. C. Olk

Nitrogen-bonded aromatics in soil organic matter and their implications for a yield decline in intensive rice cropping
PNAS 2004 101: 6351-6354; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401349101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Applied Biological Sciences

Subhayu Basu, Rishabh Mehreja, Stephan Thiberge, Ming-Tang Chen, and Ron Weiss

Spatiotemporal control of gene expression with pulse-generating networks
PNAS 2004 101: 6355-6360; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307571101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Kazuhiro Saeki, Kazuya Matsumoto, Mikio Kinoshita, Iwane Suzuki, Yasushi Tasaka, Koichiro Kano, Yoshitomo Taguchi, Koji Mikami, Masumi Hirabayashi, Naomi Kashiwazaki, Yoshihiko Hosoi, Norio Murata, and Akira Iritani From The Cover: Functional expression of a 12 fatty acid desaturase gene from spinach in transgenic pigs PNAS 2004 101: 6361-6366; published online before print April 5 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308111101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Biochemistry

D. Borden Lacy, Darran J. Wigelsworth, Heather M. Scobie, John A. T. Young, and R. John Collier

Crystal structure of the von Willebrand factor A domain of human capillary morphogenesis protein 2: An anthrax toxin receptor
PNAS 2004 101: 6367-6372; published online before print April 12 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401506101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Chon-Hwa Tsai-Morris, Yi Sheng, Eric Lee, Ke-Jian Lei, and Maria L. Dufau

Gonadotropin-regulated testicular RNA helicase (GRTH/Ddx25) is essential for spermatid development and completion of spermatogenesis
PNAS 2004 101: 6373-6378; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401855101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Hozumi Motohashi, Fumiki Katsuoka, James Douglas Engel, and Masayuki Yamamoto

Small Maf proteins serve as transcriptional cofactors for keratinocyte differentiation in the Keap1–Nrf2 regulatory pathway
PNAS 2004 101: 6379-6384; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305902101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Ruanbao Zhou and Lee Kroos

BofA protein inhibits intramembrane proteolysis of pro-^K in an intercompartmental signaling pathway during Bacillus subtilis sporulation
PNAS 2004 101: 6385-6390; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307709101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Samuel E. Bennett, Cheng-Yao Chen, and Dale W. Mosbaugh

Escherichia coli nucleoside diphosphate kinase does not act as a uracil-processing DNA repair nuclease
PNAS 2004 101: 6391-6396; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401031101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Alessandra Romanelli, Alexander Shekhtman, David Cowburn, and Tom W. Muir

Semisynthesis of a segmental isotopically labeled protein splicing precursor: NMR evidence for an unusual peptide bond at the N-extein–intein junction
PNAS 2004 101: 6397-6402; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0306616101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Ellen A. A. Nollen, Susana M. Garcia, Gijs van Haaften, Soojin Kim, Alejandro Chavez, Richard I. Morimoto, and Ronald H. A. Plasterk From The Cover: Genome-wide RNA interference screen identifies previously undescribed regulators of polyglutamine aggregation PNAS 2004 101: 6403-6408; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307697101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Tables]

Pawel Dobrzyn, Agnieszka Dobrzyn, Makoto Miyazaki, Paul Cohen, Esra Asilmaz, D. Grahame Hardie, Jeffrey M. Friedman, and James M. Ntambi

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 deficiency increases fatty acid oxidation by activating AMP-activated protein kinase in liver
PNAS 2004 101: 6409-6414; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401627101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Min Xu, Douglas K. Struck, John Deaton, Ing-Nang Wang, and Ry Young

A signal-arrest-release sequence mediates export and control of the phage P1 endolysin
PNAS 2004 101: 6415-6420; published online before print April 16 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400957101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Jeffrey E. Barrick, Keith A. Corbino, Wade C. Winkler, Ali Nahvi, Maumita Mandal, Jennifer Collins, Mark Lee, Adam Roth, Narasimhan Sudarsan, Inbal Jona, J. Kenneth Wickiser, and Ronald R. Breaker

New RNA motifs suggest an expanded scope for riboswitches in bacterial genetic control
PNAS 2004 101: 6421-6426; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308014101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Yoshinori Hiraoka, Tohru Yamada, Masatoshi Goto, Tapas K. Das Gupta, and Ananda M. Chakrabarty

Modulation of mammalian cell growth and death by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cytochrome c
PNAS 2004 101: 6427-6432; published online before print April 13 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401631101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Biophysics

Brian J. Bennion and Valerie Daggett

Counteraction of urea-induced protein denaturation by trimethylamine N-oxide: A chemical chaperone at atomic resolution
PNAS 2004 101: 6433-6438; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308633101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Marie-Noëlle Dessinges, Timothée Lionnet, Xu Guang Xi, David Bensimon, and Vincent Croquette

Single-molecule assay reveals strand switching and enhanced processivity of UvrD
PNAS 2004 101: 6439-6444; published online before print April 12 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0306713101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Nizar N. Batada, Larry A. Shepp, and David O. Siegmund

Stochastic model of protein–protein interaction: Why signaling proteins need to be colocalized
PNAS 2004 101: 6445-6449; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401314101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Per Jemth, Stefano Gianni, Ryan Day, Bin Li, Christopher M. Johnson, Valerie Daggett, and Alan R. Fersht

Demonstration of a low-energy on-pathway intermediate in a fast-folding protein by kinetics, protein engineering, and simulation
PNAS 2004 101: 6450-6455; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401732101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Young Min Rhee, Eric J. Sorin, Guha Jayachandran, Erik Lindahl, and Vijay S. Pande

Simulations of the role of water in the protein-folding mechanism
PNAS 2004 101: 6456-6461; published online before print April 16 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307898101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Matthew P. Gordon, Taekjip Ha, and Paul R. Selvin

Single-molecule high-resolution imaging with photobleaching
PNAS 2004 101: 6462-6465; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401638101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

L. Bongini, D. Fanelli, F. Piazza, P. De Los Rios, S. Sandin, and U. Skoglund

Freezing immunoglobulins to see them move
PNAS 2004 101: 6466-6471; published online before print April 13 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400119101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Appendixes]  

Cell Biology

Sylvia N. Schreiber, Roger Emter, M. Benjamin Hock, Darko Knutti, Jessica Cardenas, Michael Podvinec, Edward J. Oakeley, and Anastasia Kralli

The estrogen-related receptor (ERR) functions in PPAR coactivator 1 (PGC-1)-induced mitochondrial biogenesis
PNAS 2004 101: 6472-6477; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308686101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Tables]  

Ricardo D. Coletta, Kimberly Christensen, Kelly J. Reichenberger, Justin Lamb, Damian Micomonaco, Lili Huang, Douglas M. Wolf, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Todd R. Golub, Kiyoshi Kawakami, and Heide L. Ford

The Six1 homeoprotein stimulates tumorigenesis by reactivation of cyclin A1
PNAS 2004 101: 6478-6483; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401139101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Shiaw-Yih Lin, Kaiyi Li, Grant S. Stewart, and Stephen J. Elledge

Human Claspin works with BRCA1 to both positively and negatively regulate cell proliferation
PNAS 2004 101: 6484-6489; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401847101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

NanLing Gong, Heming Wei, Sanaul Haq Chowdhury, and Subroto Chatterjee

Lactosylceramide recruits PKC/ and phospholipase A₂ to stimulate PECAM-1 expression in human monocytes and adhesion to endothelial cells
PNAS 2004 101: 6490-6495; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308684101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Developmental Biology

Lin Liu, Sonia Franco, Barbara Spyropoulos, Peter B. Moens, Maria A. Blasco, and David L. Keefe

Irregular telomeres impair meiotic synapsis and recombination in mice
PNAS 2004 101: 6496-6501; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400755101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Haruhiko Akiyama, Marie-Christine Chaboissier, Richard R. Behringer, David H. Rowitch, Andreas Schedl, Jonathan A. Epstein, and Benoit de Crombrugghe

Essential role of Sox9 in the pathway that controls formation of cardiac valves and septa
PNAS 2004 101: 6502-6507; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401711101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Yuval Kluger, David P. Tuck, Joseph T. Chang, Yasuhiro Nakayama, Ranjana Poddar, Naohiko Kohya, Zheng Lian, Abdelhakim Ben Nasr, H. Ruth Halaban, Diane S. Krause, Xueqing Zhang, Peter E. Newburger, and Sherman M. Weissman

Lineage specificity of gene expression patterns
PNAS 2004 101: 6508-6513; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401136101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Evolution

Luciano B. Beheregaray, James P. Gibbs, Nathan Havill, Thomas H. Fritts, Jeffrey R. Powell, and Adalgisa Caccone

Giant tortoises are not so slow: Rapid diversification and biogeographic consensus in the Galápagos
PNAS 2004 101: 6514-6519; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400393101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Tables]  

Emily A. Dyson and Gregory D. D. Hurst

Persistence of an extreme sex-ratio bias in a natural population
PNAS 2004 101: 6520-6523; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0304068101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Ho-Sung Yoon and David A. Baum

Transgenic study of parallelism in plant morphological evolution
PNAS 2004 101: 6524-6529; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401824101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Patricia L. M. Lee and Graeme C. Hays

Polyandry in a marine turtle: Females make the best of a bad job
PNAS 2004 101: 6530-6535; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307982101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Kevin J. Peterson, Jessica B. Lyons, Kristin S. Nowak, Carter M. Takacs, Matthew J. Wargo, and Mark A. McPeek

Estimating metazoan divergence times with a molecular clock
PNAS 2004 101: 6536-6541; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401670101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

David J. Amor, Karen Bentley, Jacinta Ryan, Jo Perry, Lee Wong, Howard Slater, and K. H. Andy Choo

Human centromere repositioning "in progress"
PNAS 2004 101: 6542-6547; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308637101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Genetics

Jose M. Silva, Hana Mizuno, Amy Brady, Robert Lucito, and Gregory J. Hannon

RNA interference microarrays: High-throughput loss-of-function genetics in mammalian cells
PNAS 2004 101: 6548-6552; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400165101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Marina R. Carpinelli, Douglas J. Hilton, Donald Metcalf, Jennifer L. Antonchuk, Craig D. Hyland, Sandra L. Mifsud, Ladina Di Rago, Adrienne A. Hilton, Tracy A. Willson, Andrew W. Roberts, Robert G. Ramsay, Nicos A. Nicola, and Warren S. Alexander From The Cover: Suppressor screen in Mpl-/- mice: c-Myb mutation causes supraphysiological production of platelets in the absence of thrombopoietin signaling PNAS 2004 101: 6553-6558; published online before print April 7 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401496101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Jason Weston, Andre Elisseeff, Dengyong Zhou, Christina S. Leslie, and William Stafford Noble

Protein ranking: From local to global structure in the protein similarity network
PNAS 2004 101: 6559-6563; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308067101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Geoffrey W. Thorpe, Chii S. Fong, Nazif Alic, Vincent J. Higgins, and Ian W. Dawes

Cells have distinct mechanisms to maintain protection against different reactive oxygen species: Oxidative-stress-response genes
PNAS 2004 101: 6564-6569; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305888101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Table]  

Vamsi K. Mootha, Christoph Handschin, Dan Arlow, Xiaohui Xie, Julie St. Pierre, Smita Sihag, Wenli Yang, David Altshuler, Pere Puigserver, Nick Patterson, Patricia J. Willy, Ira G. Schulman, Richard A. Heyman, Eric S. Lander, and Bruce M. Spiegelman

Err and Gabpa/b specify PGC-1-dependent oxidative phosphorylation gene expression that is altered in diabetic muscle
PNAS 2004 101: 6570-6575; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401401101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Albert Y. Lau and Daniel I. Chasman

Functional classification of proteins and protein variants
PNAS 2004 101: 6576-6581; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305043101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Bruce C. McKay, Lawton J. Stubbert, Casey C. Fowler, Jennifer M. Smith, Robin A. Cardamore, and Jennifer C. Spronck

Regulation of ultraviolet light-induced gene expression by gene size
PNAS 2004 101: 6582-6586; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308181101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Immunology

Asim K. Mandal, Jesse Skoch, Brian J. Bacskai, Bradley T. Hyman, Peter Christmas, Douglas Miller, Ting-ting D. Yamin, Shihua Xu, Douglas Wisniewski, Jilly F. Evans, and Roy J. Soberman

The membrane organization of leukotriene synthesis
PNAS 2004 101: 6587-6592; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308523101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Text]  

Nicole T. Liberati, Katherine A. Fitzgerald, Dennis H. Kim, Rhonda Feinbaum, Douglas T. Golenbock, and Frederick M. Ausubel

Requirement for a conserved Toll/interleukin-1 resistance domain protein in the Caenorhabditis elegans immune response
PNAS 2004 101: 6593-6598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Akihiro Hasegawa, Xin Cheng, Kiichi Kajino, Alan Berezov, Kaoru Murata, Toshinori Nakayama, Hideo Yagita, Ramachandran Murali, and Mark I. Greene

Fas-disabling small exocyclic peptide mimetics limit apoptosis by an unexpected mechanism
PNAS 2004 101: 6599-6604; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401597101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Medical Sciences

Hua Liu, Jian-Guo Ren, William L. Cooper, Charles E. Hawkins, Mitra R. Cowan, and Patrick Y. Tong

Identification of the antivasopermeability effect of pigment epithelium-derived factor and its active site
PNAS 2004 101: 6605-6610; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308342101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

A. Dutton, J. D. O'Neil, A. E. Milner, G. M. Reynolds, J. Starczynski, J. Crocker, L. S. Young, and P. G. Murray

Expression of the cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) protects Hodgkin's lymphoma cells from autonomous Fas-mediated death
PNAS 2004 101: 6611-6616; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400765101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

George Rebello, Rajkumar Ramesar, Alvera Vorster, Lisa Roberts, Liezle Ehrenreich, Ekow Oppon, Dumisani Gama, Soraya Bardien, Jacquie Greenberg, Giuseppe Bonapace, Abdul Waheed, Gul N. Shah, and William S. Sly

Apoptosis-inducing signal sequence mutation in carbonic anhydrase IV identified in patients with the RP17 form of retinitis pigmentosa
PNAS 2004 101: 6617-6622; published online before print April 16 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401529101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Koichi Iijima, Hsin-Ping Liu, Ann-Shyn Chiang, Stephen A. Hearn, Mary Konsolaki, and Yi Zhong

Dissecting the pathological effects of human A40 and A42 in Drosophila: A potential model for Alzheimer's disease
PNAS 2004 101: 6623-6628; published online before print April 6 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400895101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Table]  

Micol Silic-Benussi, Ilaria Cavallari, Tatiana Zorzan, Elisabetta Rossi, Hajime Hiraragi, Antonio Rosato, Kyoji Horie, Daniela Saggioro, Michael D. Lairmore, Luc Willems, Luigi Chieco-Bianchi, Donna M. D'Agostino, and Vincenzo Ciminale

Suppression of tumor growth and cell proliferation by p13^II, a mitochondrial protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1
PNAS 2004 101: 6629-6634; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305502101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Kerri E. Rieger, Wan-Jen Hong, Virginia Goss Tusher, Jean Tang, Robert Tibshirani, and Gilbert Chu

Toxicity from radiation therapy associated with abnormal transcriptional responses to DNA damage
PNAS 2004 101: 6635-6640; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307761101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Tables]  

Himani Bisht, Anjeanette Roberts, Leatrice Vogel, Alexander Bukreyev, Peter L. Collins, Brian R. Murphy, Kanta Subbarao, and Bernard Moss

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein expressed by attenuated vaccinia virus protectively immunizes mice
PNAS 2004 101: 6641-6646; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401939101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Shigeru Hashimoto, Yasuhito Onodera, Ari Hashimoto, Miwa Tanaka, Michinari Hamaguchi, Atsuko Yamada, and Hisataka Sabe

Requirement for Arf6 in breast cancer invasive activities
PNAS 2004 101: 6647-6652; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401753101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Michihiko Usui, Yutaka Yoshida, Kunikazu Tsuji, Kaoru Oikawa, Kohei Miyazono, Isao Ishikawa, Tadashi Yamamoto, Akira Nifuji, and Masaki Noda

Tob deficiency superenhances osteoblastic activity after ovariectomy to block estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis
PNAS 2004 101: 6653-6658; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0303093101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Text]  

Luigi Fontana, Timothy E. Meyer, Samuel Klein, and John O. Holloszy

Long-term calorie restriction is highly effective in reducing the risk for atherosclerosis in humans
PNAS 2004 101: 6659-6663; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308291101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Microbiology

Matthew C. Wolfgang, Jeevan Jyot, Andrew L. Goodman, Reuben Ramphal, and Stephen Lory

Pseudomonas aeruginosa regulates flagellin expression as part of a global response to airway fluid from cystic fibrosis patients
PNAS 2004 101: 6664-6668; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307553101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Table]  

Stefan Wieland, Robert Thimme, Robert H. Purcell, and Francis V. Chisari

Genomic analysis of the host response to hepatitis B virus infection
PNAS 2004 101: 6669-6674; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401771101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Tracey Allen K. Freitas, Shaobin Hou, Elhadji M. Dioum, Jennifer A. Saito, James Newhouse, Gonzalo Gonzalez, Marie-Alda Gilles-Gonzalez, and Maqsudul Alam

Ancestral hemoglobins in Archaea
PNAS 2004 101: 6675-6680; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308657101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

M. Castellanos, D. B. Wilson, and M. L. Shuler

A modular minimal cell model: Purine and pyrimidine transport and metabolism
PNAS 2004 101: 6681-6686; published online before print April 16 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400962101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Neuroscience

Mitsumasa Koyanagi, Emi Kawano, Yoshimi Kinugawa, Tadashi Oishi, Yoshinori Shichida, Satoshi Tamotsu, and Akihisa Terakita

Bistable UV pigment in the lamprey pineal
PNAS 2004 101: 6687-6691; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400819101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Uri Polat, Tova Ma-Naim, Michael Belkin, and Dov Sagi

Improving vision in adult amblyopia by perceptual learning
PNAS 2004 101: 6692-6697; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401200101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Katerina Akassoglou, Ryan A. Adams, Jan Bauer, Peter Mercado, Vivian Tseveleki, Hans Lassmann, Lesley Probert, and Sidney Strickland

Fibrin depletion decreases inflammation and delays the onset of demyelination in a tumor necrosis factor transgenic mouse model for multiple sclerosis
PNAS 2004 101: 6698-6703; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0303859101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Young-Joon Kim, Ivana Spalovská-Valachová, Kook-Ho Cho, Inka Zitnanova, Yoonseong Park, Michael E. Adams, and Dusan Zitnan

Corazonin receptor signaling in ecdysis initiation
PNAS 2004 101: 6704-6709; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305291101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

D. A. Levy, P. J. Bayley, and L. R. Squire

The anatomy of semantic knowledge: Medial vs. lateral temporal lobe
PNAS 2004 101: 6710-6715; published online before print April 16 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401679101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Kendall H. Lee, Christian Broberger, Uhnoh Kim, and David A. McCormick

Histamine modulates thalamocortical activity by activating a chloride conductance in ferret perigeniculate neurons
PNAS 2004 101: 6716-6721; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400817101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jason M. Samonds, John D. Allison, Heather A. Brown, and A. B. Bonds

Cooperative synchronized assemblies enhance orientation discrimination
PNAS 2004 101: 6722-6727; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401661101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Amy K. Y. Fu, Wing-Yu Fu, Alberto K. Y. Ng, Winnie W. Y. Chien, Yu-Pong Ng, Jerry H. Wang, and Nancy Y. Ip

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 phosphorylates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and regulates its transcriptional activity
PNAS 2004 101: 6728-6733; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307606100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Thekkepat C. Sandeep, Joyce L. W. Yau, Alasdair M. J. MacLullich, June Noble, Ian J. Deary, Brian R. Walker, and Jonathan R. Seckl From The Cover: 11-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition improves cognitive function in healthy elderly men and type 2 diabetics PNAS 2004 101: 6734-6739; published online before print April 7 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0306996101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]   See Commentary on page 6329

Daniel M. Keenan, Susan Alexander, Clifford H. G. Irvine, Iain Clarke, Chris Scott, Anne Turner, A. J. Tilbrook, B. J. Canny, and Johannes D. Veldhuis

Reconstruction of in vivo time-evolving neuroendocrine dose–response properties unveils admixed deterministic and stochastic elements
PNAS 2004 101: 6740-6745; published online before print April 16 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0300619101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Victoria Makrides, Michelle R. Massie, Stuart C. Feinstein, and John Lew

Evidence for two distinct binding sites for tau on microtubules
PNAS 2004 101: 6746-6751; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400992101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Olena Yermolaieva, A. Soren Leonard, Mikael K. Schnizler, Francois M. Abboud, and Michael J. Welsh

Extracellular acidosis increases neuronal cell calcium by activating acid-sensing ion channel 1a
PNAS 2004 101: 6752-6757; published online before print April 13 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308636100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Iiro P. Jääskeläinen, Jyrki Ahveninen, Giorgio Bonmassar, Anders M. Dale, Risto J. Ilmoniemi, Sari Levänen, Fa-Hsuan Lin, Patrick May, Jennifer Melcher, Steven Stufflebeam, Hannu Tiitinen, and John W. Belliveau

Human posterior auditory cortex gates novel sounds to consciousness
PNAS 2004 101: 6809-6814; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0303760101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Pharmacology

Jorge D. Brioni, Robert B. Moreland, Marlon Cowart, Gin C. Hsieh, Andrew O. Stewart, Petter Hedlund, Diana L. Donnelly-Roberts, Masaki Nakane, James J. Lynch, III, Teodozyi Kolasa, James S. Polakowski, Mark A. Osinski, Kennan Marsh, Karl-Erik Andersson, and James P. Sullivan

Activation of dopamine D₄ receptors by ABT-724 induces penile erection in rats
PNAS 2004 101: 6758-6763; published online before print April 15 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308292101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Physiology

Wolfgang Eisenreich, Christian Ettenhuber, Ralf Laupitz, Cornelia Theus, and Adelbert Bacher

Isotopolog perturbation techniques for metabolic networks: Metabolic recycling of nutritional glucose in Drosophila melanogaster
PNAS 2004 101: 6764-6769; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400916101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Takahiro Shimizu, Tomohiro Numata, and Yasunobu Okada

A role of reactive oxygen species in apoptotic activation of volume-sensitive Cl^- channel
PNAS 2004 101: 6770-6773; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401604101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Peter Thorn, Kevin E. Fogarty, and Ian Parker

Zymogen granule exocytosis is characterized by long fusion pore openings and preservation of vesicle lipid identity
PNAS 2004 101: 6774-6779; published online before print April 16 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400336101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Movies]  

Kee-Hong Kim, Ling Zhao, Yangsoo Moon, Chulho Kang, and Hei Sook Sul

Dominant inhibitory adipocyte-specific secretory factor (ADSF)/resistin enhances adipogenesis and improves insulin sensitivity
PNAS 2004 101: 6780-6785; published online before print April 16 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305905101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Plant Biology

Lei Zhang, Ruxian Ding, Yourong Chai, Mercedes Bonfill, Elisabet Moyano, Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey, Tiefeng Xu, Yan Pi, Zinan Wang, Hanming Zhang, Guoyin Kai, Zhihua Liao, Xiaofen Sun, and Kexuan Tang

Engineering tropane biosynthetic pathway in Hyoscyamus niger hairy root cultures
PNAS 2004 101: 6786-6791; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401391101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

José-Antonio Daròs and Ricardo Flores

Arabidopsis thaliana has the enzymatic machinery for replicating representative viroid species of the family Pospiviroidae
PNAS 2004 101: 6792-6797; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401090101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Chitra Subramanian, Byung-Hoon Kim, Nicholas N. Lyssenko, Xiaodong Xu, Carl Hirschie Johnson, and Albrecht G. von Arnim

The Arabidopsis repressor of light signaling, COP1, is regulated by nuclear exclusion: Mutational analysis by bioluminescence resonance energy transfer
PNAS 2004 101: 6798-6802; published online before print April 14 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307964101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Text]  

Jennifer M. Gagne, Jan Smalle, Derek J. Gingerich, Joseph M. Walker, Sang-Dong Yoo, Shuichi Yanagisawa, and Richard D. Vierstra

Arabidopsis EIN3-binding F-box 1 and 2 form ubiquitin-protein ligases that repress ethylene action and promote growth by directing EIN3 degradation
PNAS 2004 101: 6803-6808; published online before print April 16 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401698101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Psychology

Iiro P. Jääskeläinen, Jyrki Ahveninen, Giorgio Bonmassar, Anders M. Dale, Risto J. Ilmoniemi, Sari Levänen, Fa-Hsuan Lin, Patrick May, Jennifer Melcher, Steven Stufflebeam, Hannu Tiitinen, and John W. Belliveau

Human posterior auditory cortex gates novel sounds to consciousness
PNAS 2004 101: 6809-6814; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0303760101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Kelly J. Jantzen, Fred L. Steinberg, and J. A. Scott Kelso

Brain networks underlying human timing behavior are influenced by prior context
PNAS 2004 101: 6815-6820; published online before print April 12 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401300101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

CORRECTIONS

Correction for Hansen et al., Retinoblastoma protein functions as a molecular switch determining white versus brown adipocyte differentiation, PNAS 2004 101:4112-4117 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Correction for Burgos et al., Cholesterol depletion induces PKA-mediated basolateral-to-apical transcytosis of the scavenger receptor class B type I in MDCK cells, PNAS 2004 101:3845-3850 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Correction for Cantor et al., The BRCA1-associated protein BACH1 is a DNA helicase targeted by clinically relevant inactivating mutations, PNAS 2004 101:2357-2362 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Correction for van Ginkel et al., Pneumococcal carriage results in ganglioside-mediated olfactory tissue infection, PNAS 2003 100:14363-14367 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Correction for Onwueme et al., Mycobacterial polyketide-associated proteins are acyltransferases: Proof of principle with Mycobacterium tuberculosis PapA5, PNAS 2004 101:4608-4613 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]