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COMMENTARIES

K. Crozat and B. Beutler

TLR7: A new sensor of viral infection
PNAS 2004 101: 6835-6836; published online before print April 27 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401347101 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Peter G. Wolynes

Latest folding game results: Protein A barely frustrates computationalists
PNAS 2004 101: 6837-6838; published online before print April 27 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0402034101 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  
See companion article on page 6952

Kerry Bloom

Microtubule composition: Cryptography of dynamic polymers
PNAS 2004 101: 6839-6840; published online before print April 27 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401266101 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

PHYSICAL SCIENCES

Chemistry

Geology

Mahesh Anand, Lawrence A. Taylor, Mikhail A. Nazarov, J. Shu, H.-K. Mao, and Russell J. Hemley

Space weathering on airless planetary bodies: Clues from the lunar mineral hapkeite
PNAS 2004 101: 6847-6851; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401565101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

SOCIAL SCIENCES

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES

Applied Biological Sciences

Sylvestre Marillonnet, Anatoli Giritch, Mario Gils, Romy Kandzia, Victor Klimyuk, and Yuri Gleba

In planta engineering of viral RNA replicons: Efficient assembly by recombination of DNA modules delivered by Agrobacterium
PNAS 2004 101: 6852-6857; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400149101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Ludger Grosse-Hovest, Sigrid Müller, Rosa Minoia, Eckhard Wolf, Valeri Zakhartchenko, Hendrik Wenigerkind, Caroline Lassnig, Urban Besenfelder, Mathias Müller, Simon D. Lytton, Gundram Jung, and Gottfried Brem

Cloned transgenic farm animals produce a bispecific antibody for T cell-mediated tumor cell killing
PNAS 2004 101: 6858-6863; published online before print April 22 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308487101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Biochemistry

Alan B. Marnett, Anson M. Nomura, Nobuhisa Shimba, Paul R. Ortiz de Montellano, and Charles S. Craik

Communication between the active sites and dimer interface of a herpesvirus protease revealed by a transition-state inhibitor
PNAS 2004 101: 6870-6875; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401613101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Text]  

Chawnshang Chang, Yen-Ta Chen, Shauh-Der Yeh, Qingquan Xu, Ruey-Sheng Wang, Florian Guillou, Henry Lardy, and Shuyuan Yeh

Infertility with defective spermatogenesis and hypotestosteronemia in male mice lacking the androgen receptor in Sertoli cells
PNAS 2004 101: 6876-6881; published online before print April 23 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307306101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Michelle C. Y. Chang, Cyril S. Yee, JoAnne Stubbe, and Daniel G. Nocera

Turning on ribonucleotide reductase by light-initiated amino acid radical generation
PNAS 2004 101: 6882-6887; published online before print April 27 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401718101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Brent Segelke, Mark Knapp, Saloumeh Kadkhodayan, Rod Balhorn, and Bernhard Rupp

Crystal structure of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin protease in a product-bound state: Evidence for noncanonical zinc protease activity
PNAS 2004 101: 6888-6893; published online before print April 23 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400584101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Nick Shkriabai, Sachindra S. Patil, Sonja Hess, Scott R. Budihas, Robert Craigie, Terrence R. Burke, Jr., Stuart F. J. Le Grice, and Mamuka Kvaratskhelia

Identification of an inhibitor-binding site to HIV-1 integrase with affinity acetylation and mass spectrometry
PNAS 2004 101: 6894-6899; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400873101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Lori A. Plum, Jean M. Prahl, Xiaohong Ma, Rafal R. Sicinski, Sumithra Gowlugari, Margaret Clagett-Dame, and Hector F. DeLuca

Biologically active noncalcemic analogs of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D with an abbreviated side chain containing no hydroxyl
PNAS 2004 101: 6900-6904; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401656101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Aghdass Rasouli-Nia, Feridoun Karimi-Busheri, and Michael Weinfeld

Stable down-regulation of human polynucleotide kinase enhances spontaneous mutation frequency and sensitizes cells to genotoxic agents
PNAS 2004 101: 6905-6910; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400099101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Mofang Liu, Michael Tolstorukov, Victor Zhurkin, Susan Garges, and Sankar Adhya

A mutant spacer sequence between -35 and -10 elements makes the P_lac promoter hyperactive and cAMP receptor protein-independent
PNAS 2004 101: 6911-6916; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401929101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Eric M. Tam, Charlotte J. Morrison, Yi I. Wu, M. Sharon Stack, and Christopher M. Overall

Membrane protease proteomics: Isotope-coded affinity tag MS identification of undescribed MT1–matrix metalloproteinase substrates
PNAS 2004 101: 6917-6922; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305862101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

María Gómez and Neil Brockdorff

Heterochromatin on the inactive X chromosome delays replication timing without affecting origin usage
PNAS 2004 101: 6923-6928; published online before print April 22 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401854101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Sherry D. Painter, Scott F. Cummins, Amy E. Nichols, David-B. G. Akalal, Catherine H. Schein, Werner Braun, John S. Smith, Abraham J. Susswein, Miriam Levy, Pamela A. C. M. de Boer, Andries ter Maat, Mark W. Miller, Cory Scanlan, Richard M. Milberg, Jonathan V. Sweedler, and Gregg T. Nagle

Structural and functional analysis of Aplysia attractins, a family of water-borne protein pheromones with interspecific attractiveness
PNAS 2004 101: 6929-6933; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0306339101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Xiaochun Fan, Hua Shi, Karen Adelman, and John T. Lis

Probing TBP interactions in transcription initiation and reinitiation with RNA aptamers that act in distinct modes
PNAS 2004 101: 6934-6939; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401523101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Biophysics

Alexandre V. Morozov, Tanja Kortemme, Kiril Tsemekhman, and David Baker

Close agreement between the orientation dependence of hydrogen bonds observed in protein structures and quantum mechanical calculations
PNAS 2004 101: 6946-6951; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307578101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Satoshi Sato, Tomasz L. Religa, Valerie Daggett, and Alan R. Fersht From The Cover: Testing protein-folding simulations by experiment: B domain of protein A PNAS 2004 101: 6952-6956; published online before print April 6 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401396101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]   See Commentary on page 6837

Marc Delarue and Philippe Dumas

On the use of low-frequency normal modes to enforce collective movements in refining macromolecular structural models
PNAS 2004 101: 6957-6962; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400301101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

C. P. Johnson, I. Fujimoto, C. Perrin-Tricaud, U. Rutishauser, and D. Leckband

Mechanism of homophilic adhesion by the neural cell adhesion molecule: Use of multiple domains and flexibility
PNAS 2004 101: 6963-6968; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307567100 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

John van Noort, Sander Verbrugge, Nora Goosen, Cees Dekker, and Remus Thei Dame

Dual architectural roles of HU: Formation of flexible hinges and rigid filaments
PNAS 2004 101: 6969-6974; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308230101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Cell Biology

Anne Aries, Pierre Paradis, Chantal Lefebvre, Robert J. Schwartz, and Mona Nemer

Essential role of GATA-4 in cell survival and drug-induced cardiotoxicity
PNAS 2004 101: 6975-6980; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401833101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Tomas Vomastek, Hans-Joerg Schaeffer, Adel Tarcsafalvi, Mark E. Smolkin, Eric A. Bissonette, and Michael J. Weber

Modular construction of a signaling scaffold: MORG1 interacts with components of the ERK cascade and links ERK signaling to specific agonists
PNAS 2004 101: 6981-6986; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305894101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Table]  

Alexandra Fridkin, Erez Mills, Ayelet Margalit, Esther Neufeld, Kenneth K. Lee, Naomi Feinstein, Merav Cohen, Katherine L. Wilson, and Yosef Gruenbaum

Matefin, a Caenorhabditis elegans germ line-specific SUN-domain nuclear membrane protein, is essential for early embryonic and germ cell development
PNAS 2004 101: 6987-6992; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307880101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Jee-Yin Ahn, Yuanxin Hu, Todd G. Kroll, Paulette Allard, and Keqiang Ye

PIKE-A is amplified in human cancers and prevents apoptosis by up-regulating Akt
PNAS 2004 101: 6993-6998; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400921101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Brian G. Drew, Noel H. Fidge, Gabrielle Gallon-Beaumier, Bruce E. Kemp, and Bronwyn A. Kingwell

High-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein AI increase endothelial NO synthase activity by protein association and multisite phosphorylation
PNAS 2004 101: 6999-7004; published online before print April 23 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0306266101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Developmental Biology

Mariko Katoh, Chad Shaw, Qikai Xu, Nancy Van Driessche, Takahiro Morio, Hidekazu Kuwayama, Shinji Obara, Hideko Urushihara, Yoshimasa Tanaka, and Gad Shaulsky

An orderly retreat: Dedifferentiation is a regulated process
PNAS 2004 101: 7005-7010; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0306983101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Evolution

Joshua A. Bittker, Brian V. Le, Jane M. Liu, and David R. Liu

Directed evolution of protein enzymes using nonhomologous random recombination
PNAS 2004 101: 7011-7016; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0402202101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Natalia L. Komarova and Dominik Wodarz

The optimal rate of chromosome loss for the inactivation of tumor suppressor genes in cancer
PNAS 2004 101: 7017-7021; published online before print April 22 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401943101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Methods]  

Genetics

Jeffrey O. Bush, Yu Lan, and Rulang Jiang

The cleft lip and palate defects in Dancer mutant mice result from gain of function of the Tbx10 gene
PNAS 2004 101: 7022-7027; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401025101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

AeRi Kim and Ann Dean

Developmental stage differences in chromatin subdomains of the -globin locus
PNAS 2004 101: 7028-7033; published online before print April 22 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307985101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

J. H. F. Pedra, L. M. McIntyre, M. E. Scharf, and Barry R. Pittendrigh

Genome-wide transcription profile of field- and laboratory-selected dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT)-resistant Drosophila
PNAS 2004 101: 7034-7039; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400580101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Tables]  

Z. W. Luo, R. M. Zhang, and M. J. Kearsey

Theoretical basis for genetic linkage analysis in autotetraploid species
PNAS 2004 101: 7040-7045; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0304482101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Magnus Lundgren, Anders Andersson, Lanming Chen, Peter Nilsson, and Rolf Bernander

Three replication origins in Sulfolobus species: Synchronous initiation of chromosome replication and asynchronous termination
PNAS 2004 101: 7046-7051; published online before print April 23 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400656101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Immunology

Andreas Villunger, Vanessa S. Marsden, Yifan Zhan, Miriam Erlacher, Andrew M. Lew, Philippe Bouillet, Stuart Berzins, Dale I. Godfrey, William R. Heath, and Andreas Strasser

Negative selection of semimature CD4⁺8^-HSA⁺ thymocytes requires the BH3-only protein Bim but is independent of death receptor signaling
PNAS 2004 101: 7052-7057; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305757101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Johan K. Sandberg, Cheryl A. Stoddart, Fabienne Brilot, Kimberly A. Jordan, and Douglas F. Nixon

Development of innate CD4⁺ -chain variable gene segment 24 (V24) natural killer T cells in the early human fetal thymus is regulated by IL-7
PNAS 2004 101: 7058-7063; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305986101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Joël LeMaoult, Irène Krawice-Radanne, Jean Dausset, and Edgardo D. Carosella

HLA-G1-expressing antigen-presenting cells induce immunosuppressive CD4⁺ T cells
PNAS 2004 101: 7064-7069; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401922101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Medical Sciences

Yan Xu, Joseph Kulkosky, Edward Acheampong, Giuseppe Nunnari, Julie Sullivan, and Roger J. Pomerantz

HIV-1-mediated apoptosis of neuronal cells: Proximal molecular mechanisms of HIV-1-induced encephalopathy
PNAS 2004 101: 7070-7075; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0304859101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Stephan W. Lindemann, Christian C. Yost, Melvin M. Denis, Thomas M. McIntyre, Andrew S. Weyrich, and Guy A. Zimmerman

Neutrophils alter the inflammatory milieu by signal-dependent translation of constitutive messenger RNAs
PNAS 2004 101: 7076-7081; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401901101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Amy Odley, Harvey S. Hahn, Roy A. Lynch, Yehia Marreez, Hanna Osinska, Jeffrey Robbins, and Gerald W. Dorn, II

Regulation of cardiac contractility by Rab4-modulated 2-adrenergic receptor recycling
PNAS 2004 101: 7082-7087; published online before print April 22 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308335101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Janice M. Paterson, Nicholas M. Morton, Catherine Fievet, Christopher J. Kenyon, Megan C. Holmes, Bart Staels, Jonathan R. Seckl, and John J. Mullins

Metabolic syndrome without obesity: Hepatic overexpression of 11-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in transgenic mice
PNAS 2004 101: 7088-7093; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0305524101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Lingyun Wu, M. Hossein Noyan Ashraf, Marina Facci, Rui Wang, Phyllis G. Paterson, Alison Ferrie, and Bernhard H. J. Juurlink

Dietary approach to attenuate oxidative stress, hypertension, and inflammation in the cardiovascular system
PNAS 2004 101: 7094-7099; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0402004101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Kara N. Maxwell and Jan L. Breslow

Adenoviral-mediated expression of Pcsk9 in mice results in a low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout phenotype
PNAS 2004 101: 7100-7105; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0402133101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Kiyosumi Takaishi, Laurence Duplomb, May-Yun Wang, Jinping Li, and Roger H. Unger

Hepatic insig-1 or -2 overexpression reduces lipogenesis in obese Zucker diabetic fatty rats and in fasted/refed normal rats
PNAS 2004 101: 7106-7111; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401715101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Tao Lu, Lyudmila G. Burdelya, Shannon M. Swiatkowski, Alexander D. Boiko, Philip H. Howe, George R. Stark, and Andrei V. Gudkov

Secreted transforming growth factor 2 activates NF-B, blocks apoptosis, and is essential for the survival of some tumor cells
PNAS 2004 101: 7112-7117; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0402048101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Microbiology

Sobhan Nandi, John J. Maurer, Charles Hofacre, and Anne O. Summers

Gram-positive bacteria are a major reservoir of Class 1 antibiotic resistance integrons in poultry litter
PNAS 2004 101: 7118-7122; published online before print April 23 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0306466101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Tables]  

Neuroscience

James M. Harper, Chitra Krishnan, Jessica S. Darman, Deepa M. Deshpande, Schonze Peck, Irina Shats, Stephanie Backovic, Jeffrey D. Rothstein, and Douglas A. Kerr

Axonal growth of embryonic stem cell-derived motoneurons in vitro and in motoneuron-injured adult rats
PNAS 2004 101: 7123-7128; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401103101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Shannon D. Sullivan and Suzanne M. Moenter

Prenatal androgens alter GABAergic drive to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons: Implications for a common fertility disorder
PNAS 2004 101: 7129-7134; published online before print April 19 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0308058101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

S. A. Chowdhury, K. A. Greek, and D. D. Rasmusson

Changes in corticothalamic modulation of receptive fields during peripheral injury-induced reorganization
PNAS 2004 101: 7135-7140; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307840101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Chi-Cheng Wu, Faisal Chawla, Dora Games, Russell E. Rydel, Stephen Freedman, Dale Schenk, Warren G. Young, John H. Morrison, and Floyd E. Bloom

Selective vulnerability of dentate granule cells prior to amyloid deposition in PDAPP mice: Digital morphometric analyses
PNAS 2004 101: 7141-7146; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0402147101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figure]  

Youping Xiao and Daniel J. Felleman

Projections from primary visual cortex to cytochrome oxidase thin stripes and interstripes of macaque visual area 2
PNAS 2004 101: 7147-7151; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0402052101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Mark O. Cunningham, Miles A. Whittington, Andrea Bibbig, Anita Roopun, Fiona E. N. LeBeau, Angelika Vogt, Hannah Monyer, Eberhard H. Buhl, and Roger D. Traub

A role for fast rhythmic bursting neurons in cortical gamma oscillations in vitro
PNAS 2004 101: 7152-7157; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0402060101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

S. M. Wojcik, J. S. Rhee, E. Herzog, A. Sigler, R. Jahn, S. Takamori, N. Brose, and C. Rosenmund

An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size
PNAS 2004 101: 7158-7163; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401764101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Figures]  

Dimitris G. Placantonakis, Anatoly A. Bukovsky, Xiao-Hui Zeng, Hans-Peter Kiem, and John P. Welsh

Fundamental role of inferior olive connexin 36 in muscle coherence during tremor
PNAS 2004 101: 7164-7169; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400322101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Haruka Nakahara, Li I. Zhang, and Michael M. Merzenich

Specialization of primary auditory cortex processing by sound exposure in the "critical period"
PNAS 2004 101: 7170-7174; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401196101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Eric Grazzini, Carole Puma, Marie-Odile Roy, Xiao Hong Yu, Dajan O'Donnell, Ralf Schmidt, Sophie Dautrey, Julie Ducharme, Martin Perkins, Rosemarie Panetta, Jennifer M. A. Laird, Sultan Ahmad, and Paola M. C. Lembo

Sensory neuron-specific receptor activation elicits central and peripheral nociceptive effects in rats
PNAS 2004 101: 7175-7180; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0307185101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

Scott A. Small, Monica K. Chawla, Michael Buonocore, Peter R. Rapp, and Carol A. Barnes From The Cover: Imaging correlates of brain function in monkeys and rats isolates a hippocampal subregion differentially vulnerable to aging PNAS 2004 101: 7181-7186; published online before print April 26 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0400285101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Patrick B. Allen, Audrey T. Greenfield, Per Svenningsson, Derek C. Haspeslagh, and Paul Greengard

Phactrs 1–4: A family of protein phosphatase 1 and actin regulatory proteins
PNAS 2004 101: 7187-7192; published online before print April 23 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0401673101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Shoji X. Takahashi, Jayalakshmi Miriyala, and Henry M. Colecraft

Membrane-associated guanylate kinase-like properties of -subunits required for modulation of voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ channels
PNAS 2004 101: 7193-7198; published online before print April 20 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0306665101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Pharmacology

Michelle S. Jansen, Susan C. Nagel, Phillippa J. Miranda, Edward K. Lobenhofer, Cynthia A. Afshari, and Donald P. McDonnell

Short-chain fatty acids enhance nuclear receptor activity through mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and histone deacetylase inhibition
PNAS 2004 101: 7199-7204; published online before print April 21 2004, 10.1073/pnas.0402014101 [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supporting Information]  

CORRECTIONS

Correction for Malnic et al., The human olfactory receptor gene family, PNAS 2004 101:2584-2589 [Extract] [Full Text] [PDF]