COMMENTARIES

Richard Horn

The dual role of calcium: Pore blocker and modulator of gating
PNAS 1999 96: 3331-3332. [Full Text] [PDF]  

Howard L. Weiner

Oral tolerance with Copolymer 1 for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
PNAS 1999 96: 3333-3335. [Full Text] [PDF]  

C. Richard Hutchinson

Microbial polyketide synthases: More and more prolific
PNAS 1999 96: 3336-3338. [Full Text] [PDF]  

Arthur J. Lustig

Crisis intervention: The role of telomerase
PNAS 1999 96: 3339-3341. [Full Text] [PDF]  

Peter T. Lansbury Jr.

Evolution of amyloid: What normal protein folding may tell us about fibrillogenesis and disease
PNAS 1999 96: 3342-3344. [Full Text] [PDF]  

David Balshaw, Ling Gao, and Gerhard Meissner

Luminal loop of the ryanodine receptor: A pore-forming segment?
PNAS 1999 96: 3345-3347. [Full Text] [PDF]  

COLLOQUIUM:
Papers from a National Academy of Sciences Colloquium on Geology, Mineralogy, and Human Welfare

Joseph V. Smith

Geology, mineralogy, and human welfare
PNAS 1999 96: 3348-3349. [Full Text] [PDF]  

Paul M. Bertsch and John C. Seaman

Characterization of complex mineral assemblages: Implications for contaminant transport and environmental remediation
PNAS 1999 96: 3350-3357. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Garrison Sposito, Neal T. Skipper, Rebecca Sutton, Sung-ho Park, Alan K. Soper, and Jeffery A. Greathouse

Surface geochemistry of the clay minerals
PNAS 1999 96: 3358-3364. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Samuel J. Traina and Valérie Laperche

Contaminant bioavailability in soils, sediments, and aquatic environments
PNAS 1999 96: 3365-3371. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Peter R. Buseck and Mihály Pósfai

Airborne minerals and related aerosol particles: Effects on climate and the environment
PNAS 1999 96: 3372-3379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Miriam Kastner

Oceanic minerals: Their origin, nature of their environment, and significance
PNAS 1999 96: 3380-3387. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Gordon E. Brown Jr., Andrea L. Foster, and John D. Ostergren

Mineral surfaces and bioavailability of heavy metals: A molecular-scale perspective
PNAS 1999 96: 3388-3395. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Joseph M. Prospero

Long-range transport of mineral dust in the global atmosphere: Impact of African dust on the environment of the southeastern United States
PNAS 1999 96: 3396-3403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jillian F. Banfield, William W. Barker, Susan A. Welch, and Anne Taunton

Biological impact on mineral dissolution: Application of the lichen model to understanding mineral weathering in the rhizosphere
PNAS 1999 96: 3404-3411. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

R. P. Nolan, A. M. Langer, and Richard Wilson

A risk assessment for exposure to grunerite asbestos (amosite) in an iron ore mine
PNAS 1999 96: 3412-3419. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Keith A. Kvenvolden

Potential effects of gas hydrate on human welfare
PNAS 1999 96: 3420-3426. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Robert B. Finkelman, Harvey E. Belkin, and Baoshan Zheng

Health impacts of domestic coal use in China
PNAS 1999 96: 3427-3431. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Rodney C. Ewing

Nuclear waste forms for actinides
PNAS 1999 96: 3432-3439. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

David R. Pevear

Illite and hydrocarbon exploration
PNAS 1999 96: 3440-3446. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jeffrey E. Post

Manganese oxide minerals: Crystal structures and economic and environmental significance
PNAS 1999 96: 3447-3454. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

D. Kirk Nordstrom and Charles N. Alpers

Negative pH, efflorescent mineralogy, and consequences for environmental restoration at the Iron Mountain Superfund site, California
PNAS 1999 96: 3455-3462. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Frederick A. Mumpton

La roca magica: Uses of natural zeolites in agriculture and industry
PNAS 1999 96: 3463-3470. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

John D. Sherman

Synthetic zeolites and other microporous oxide molecular sieves
PNAS 1999 96: 3471-3478. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Joseph V. Smith, Frederick P. Arnold Jr., Ian Parsons, and Martin R. Lee

Biochemical evolution III: Polymerization on organophilic silica-rich surfaces, crystal-chemical modeling, formation of first cells, and geological clues
PNAS 1999 96: 3479-3485. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

FROM THE ACADEMY

Joshua Lederberg and William Jefferson Clinton

Keeping America Secure for the 21st Century
PNAS 1999 96: 3486-3488. [Full Text] [PDF]  

PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Chemistry

David H. Live, Lawrence J. Williams, Scott D. Kuduk, Jacob B. Schwarz, Peter W. Glunz, Xiao-Tao Chen, Dalibor Sames, R. Ajay Kumar, and Samuel J. Danishefsky

Probing cell-surface architecture through synthesis: An NMR-determined structural motif for tumor-associated mucins
PNAS 1999 96: 3489-3493. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

George A. Olah, G. K. Surya Prakash, and Golam Rasul

Helionitronium trication (NO₂He³⁺) and helionitrosonium trication (HeNO³⁺)
PNAS 1999 96: 3494-3495. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Eduardo J. Martinez, Takashi Owa, Stuart L. Schreiber, and E. J. Corey

Phthalascidin, a synthetic antitumor agent with potency and mode of action comparable to ecteinascidin 743
PNAS 1999 96: 3496-3501. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Physics

Anja König and N. David Mermin

Screw rotations and glide mirrors: Crystallography in Fourier space
PNAS 1999 96: 3502-3506. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

SOCIAL SCIENCES
Anthropology

Li Jin, Peter A. Underhill, Vishal Doctor, Ronald W. Davis, Peidong Shen, L. Luca Cavalli-Sforza, and Peter J. Oefner

Distribution of haplotypes from a chromosome 21 region distinguishes multiple prehistoric human migrations
PNAS 1999 96: 3796-3800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Rick A. Kittles, Jeffrey C. Long, Andrew W. Bergen, Monica Eggert, Matti Virkkunen, Markku Linnoila, and David Goldman

Cladistic association analysis of Y chromosome effects on alcohol dependence and related personality traits
PNAS 1999 96: 4204-4209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

J. M. Bermúdez de Castro, A. Rosas, E. Carbonell, M. E. Nicolás, J. Rodríguez, and J. L. Arsuaga

A modern human pattern of dental development in Lower Pleistocene hominids from Atapuerca-TD6 (Spain)
PNAS 1999 96: 4210-4213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Applied Biological Sciences

Brian G. Ayre, Uwe Köhler, Howard M. Goodman, and Jim Haseloff

Design of highly specific cytotoxins by using trans-splicing ribozymes
PNAS 1999 96: 3507-3512. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

W. Michael Flanagan, John J. Wolf, Peter Olson, Debbie Grant, Kuei-Ying Lin, Richard W. Wagner, and Mark D. Matteucci

A cytosine analog that confers enhanced potency to antisense oligonucleotides
PNAS 1999 96: 3513-3518. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Biochemistry

Eun-Ju Park, Daniel J. Schroen, Maozhou Yang, Hui Li, Li Li, and J. Don Chen

SMRTe, a silencing mediator for retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors-extended isoform that is more related to the nuclear receptor corepressor
PNAS 1999 96: 3519-3524. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Melissa Sondej, Jianzhong Sun, Yeong-Jae Seok, H. Ronald Kaback, and Alan Peterkofsky

Deduction of consensus binding sequences on proteins that bind IIA^Glc of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system by cysteine scanning mutagenesis of Escherichia coli lactose permease
PNAS 1999 96: 3525-3530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Thomas D. Colby, Kristen Vanderveen, Michael D. Strickler, George D. Markham, and Barry M. Goldstein

Crystal structure of human type II inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase: Implications for ligand binding and drug design
PNAS 1999 96: 3531-3536. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Stefan I. Liochev, Alfred Hausladen, and Irwin Fridovich

Nitroreductase A is regulated as a member of the soxRS regulon of Escherichia coli
PNAS 1999 96: 3537-3539. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Hailing Hsu, David L. Lacey, Colin R. Dunstan, Irina Solovyev, Anne Colombero, Emma Timms, Hong-Lin Tan, Gary Elliott, Michael J. Kelley, Ildiko Sarosi, Ling Wang, Xing-Zhong Xia, Robin Elliott, Laura Chiu, Tabitha Black, Sheila Scully, Casey Capparelli, Sean Morony, Grant Shimamoto, Michael B. Bass, and William J. Boyle

Tumor necrosis factor receptor family member RANK mediates osteoclast differentiation and activation induced by osteoprotegerin ligand
PNAS 1999 96: 3540-3545. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jen-Chih Hsieh, Amir Rattner, Philip M. Smallwood, and Jeremy Nathans

Biochemical characterization of Wnt-Frizzled interactions using a soluble, biologically active vertebrate Wnt protein
PNAS 1999 96: 3546-3551. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Joing Liu, Liewei Xu, Steven J. Sandler, and Kenneth J. Marians

Replication fork assembly at recombination intermediates is required for bacterial growth
PNAS 1999 96: 3552-3555. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Dong Xu, Rahul M. Kohli, and Vincent Massey

The role of threonine 37 in flavin reactivity of the old yellow enzyme
PNAS 1999 96: 3556-3561. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Marc Ostermeier, Andrew E. Nixon, Jae Hoon Shim, and Stephen J. Benkovic

Combinatorial protein engineering by incremental truncation
PNAS 1999 96: 3562-3567. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Andrew E. Nixon, Steven M. Firestine, Frank G. Salinas, and Stephen J. Benkovic

Rational design of a scytalone dehydratase-like enzyme using a structurally homologous protein scaffold
PNAS 1999 96: 3568-3571. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jianzhong Jiang, Ying Zhang, Adrian R. Krainer, and Rui-Ming Xu

Crystal structure of human p32, a doughnut-shaped acidic mitochondrial matrix protein
PNAS 1999 96: 3572-3577. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Paul J. Haney, Jonathan H. Badger, Gerald L. Buldak, Claudia I. Reich, Carl R. Woese, and Gary J. Olsen

Thermal adaptation analyzed by comparison of protein sequences from mesophilic and extremely thermophilic Methanococcus species
PNAS 1999 96: 3578-3583. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Supplemental Table of Protein Sequences]  

Garrett A. Soukup and Ronald R. Breaker

Engineering precision RNA molecular switches
PNAS 1999 96: 3584-3589. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Fabrizio Chiti, Paul Webster, Niccolò Taddei, Anne Clark, Massimo Stefani, Giampietro Ramponi, and Christopher M. Dobson

Designing conditions for in vitro formation of amyloid protofilaments and fibrils
PNAS 1999 96: 3590-3594. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Mauricio G. Mateu and Alan R. Fersht

Mutually compensatory mutations during evolution of the tetramerization domain of tumor suppressor p53 lead to impaired hetero-oligomerization
PNAS 1999 96: 3595-3599. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Karl-Peter Hopfner, Andreas Eichinger, Richard A. Engh, Frank Laue, Waltraud Ankenbauer, Robert Huber, and Bernhard Angerer

Crystal structure of a thermostable type B DNA polymerase from Thermococcus gorgonarius
PNAS 1999 96: 3600-3605. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Michael Blind, Waldemar Kolanus, and Michael Famulok

Cytoplasmic RNA modulators of an inside-out signal-transduction cascade
PNAS 1999 96: 3606-3610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Xinhai Ni and Lowell P. Hager

Expression of Batis maritima methyl chloride transferase in Escherichia coli
PNAS 1999 96: 3611-3615. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

M. I. N. Cano, J. M. Dungan, N. Agabian, and E. H. Blackburn

Telomerase in kinetoplastid parasitic protozoa
PNAS 1999 96: 3616-3621. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Yuemao Shen, Pall Yoon, Tin-Wein Yu, Heinz G. Floss, David Hopwood, and Bradley S. Moore

Ectopic expression of the minimal whiE polyketide synthase generates a library of aromatic polyketides of diverse sizes and shapes
PNAS 1999 96: 3622-3627. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

José Miguel Rodríguez-Frade, Antonio J. Vila-Coro, Ana Martín de Ana, Juan Pablo Albar, Carlos Martínez-A., and Mario Mellado

The chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 induces functional responses through dimerization of its receptor CCR2
PNAS 1999 96: 3628-3633. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Takashi Kanamori, Shuh-ichi Nishikawa, Masato Nakai, Injae Shin, Peter G. Schultz, and Toshiya Endo

Uncoupling of transfer of the presequence and unfolding of the mature domain in precursor translocation across the mitochondrial outer membrane
PNAS 1999 96: 3634-3639. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

A. D. Munday, F. A. Norris, K. K. Caldwell, S. Brown, P. W. Majerus, and C. A. Mitchell

The inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase forms a complex with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in human platelet cytosol
PNAS 1999 96: 3640-3645. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Sylvia W. Curtis, James Clark, Page Myers, and Kenneth S. Korach

Disruption of estrogen signaling does not prevent progesterone action in the estrogen receptor  knockout mouse uterus
PNAS 1999 96: 3646-3651. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Valentina Perissi, Jeremy S. Dasen, Riki Kurokawa, Zhiyong Wang, Edward Korzus, David W. Rose, Christopher K. Glass, and Michael G. Rosenfeld

Factor-specific modulation of CREB-binding protein acetyltransferase activity
PNAS 1999 96: 3652-3657. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Biophysics

Ganesh Venkataraman, Rahul Raman, V. Sasisekharan, and Ram Sasisekharan

Molecular characteristics of fibroblast growth factor-fibroblast growth factor receptor-heparin-like glycosaminoglycan complex
PNAS 1999 96: 3658-3663. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jan Wolber, Andrea Cherubini, Andrzej S. K. Dzik-Jurasz, Martin O. Leach, and Angelo Bifone

Spin-lattice relaxation of laser-polarized xenon in human blood
PNAS 1999 96: 3664-3669. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Ashok A. Deniz, Maxime Dahan, Jocelyn R. Grunwell, Taekjip Ha, Ann E. Faulhaber, Daniel S. Chemla, Shimon Weiss, and Peter G. Schultz

Single-pair fluorescence resonance energy transfer on freely diffusing molecules: Observation of Förster distance dependence and subpopulations
PNAS 1999 96: 3670-3675. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Paul J. Kolston

Comparing in vitro, in situ, and in vivo experimental data in a three-dimensional model of mammalian cochlear mechanics
PNAS 1999 96: 3676-3681. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Carol A. Rohl, Wayne Fiori, and Robert L. Baldwin

Alanine is helix-stabilizing in both template-nucleated and standard peptide helices
PNAS 1999 96: 3682-3687. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] [Template-Nucleated Helix Formation Supplementary Material]  

Tomasz Kowalewski and David M. Holtzman

In situ atomic force microscopy study of Alzheimer's -amyloid peptide on different substrates: New insights into mechanism of -sheet formation
PNAS 1999 96: 3688-3693. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Mariano Carrion-Vazquez, Andres F. Oberhauser, Susan B. Fowler, Piotr E. Marszalek, Sheldon E. Broedel, Jane Clarke, and Julio M. Fernandez

Mechanical and chemical unfolding of a single protein: A comparison
PNAS 1999 96: 3694-3699. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Cell Biology

Guowei Xiao, Yiliang E. Liu, Reiner Gentz, Qingxiang A. Sang, Jian Ni, Itzhak D. Goldberg, and Y. Eric Shi

Suppression of breast cancer growth and metastasis by a serpin myoepithelium-derived serine proteinase inhibitor expressed in the mammary myoepithelial cells
PNAS 1999 96: 3700-3705. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Xin Wei Wang, Qimin Zhan, Jill D. Coursen, Mohammed A. Khan, H. Udo Kontny, Lijia Yu, M. Christine Hollander, Patrick M. O'Connor, Albert J. Fornace Jr., and Curtis C. Harris

GADD45 induction of a G₂/M cell cycle checkpoint
PNAS 1999 96: 3706-3711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Stéphane A. Laporte, Robert H. Oakley, Jie Zhang, Jason A. Holt, Stephen S. G. Ferguson, Marc G. Caron, and Larry S. Barak

The ₂-adrenergic receptor/arrestin complex recruits the clathrin adaptor AP-2 during endocytosis
PNAS 1999 96: 3712-3717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Ching-Kang Chen, Marie E. Burns, Maribeth Spencer, Gregory A. Niemi, Jeannie Chen, James B. Hurley, Denis A. Baylor, and Melvin I. Simon

Abnormal photoresponses and light-induced apoptosis in rods lacking rhodopsin kinase
PNAS 1999 96: 3718-3722. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jiyue Zhu, He Wang, J. Michael Bishop, and Elizabeth H. Blackburn

Telomerase extends the lifespan of virus-transformed human cells without net telomere lengthening
PNAS 1999 96: 3723-3728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Alicja Ziemienowicz, Dirk Görlich, Erich Lanka, Barbara Hohn, and Luca Rossi

Import of DNA into mammalian nuclei by proteins originating from a plant pathogenic bacterium
PNAS 1999 96: 3729-3733. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Frank Lafont, Paul Verkade, Thierry Galli, Christian Wimmer, Daniel Louvard, and Kai Simons

Raft association of SNAP receptors acting in apical trafficking in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells
PNAS 1999 96: 3734-3738. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Laura M. Machesky, R. Dyche Mullins, Henry N. Higgs, Donald A. Kaiser, Laurent Blanchoin, Robin C. May, Margaret E. Hall, and Thomas D. Pollard

Scar, a WASp-related protein, activates nucleation of actin filaments by the Arp2/3 complex
PNAS 1999 96: 3739-3744. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Alexandra L. Brown, Chang-Hun Lee, Julie K. Schwarz, Nesanet Mitiku, Helen Piwnica-Worms, and Jay H. Chung

A human Cds1-related kinase that functions downstream of ATM protein in the cellular response to DNA damage
PNAS 1999 96: 3745-3750. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Renwang Peng, Reiner Grabowski, Anna De Antoni, and Dieter Gallwitz

Specific interaction of the yeast cis-Golgi syntaxin Sed5p and the coat protein complex II component Sec24p of endoplasmic reticulum-derived transport vesicles
PNAS 1999 96: 3751-3756. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Lía I. Pietrasanta, Douglas Thrower, Wan Hsieh, Shashirekha Rao, Olaf Stemmann, Johannes Lechner, John Carbon, and Helen Hansma

Probing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae centromeric DNA (CEN DNA)-binding factor 3 (CBF3) kinetochore complex by using atomic force microscopy
PNAS 1999 96: 3757-3762. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Mark Wysk, Derek D. Yang, Hong-Tao Lu, Richard A. Flavell, and Roger J. Davis

Requirement of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) for tumor necrosis factor-induced cytokine expression
PNAS 1999 96: 3763-3768. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jingfang Ju, Joan Pedersen-Lane, Frank Maley, and Edward Chu

Regulation of p53 expression by thymidylate synthase
PNAS 1999 96: 3769-3774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Rakesh K. Srivastava, Qing-Sheng Mi, J. Marie Hardwick, and Dan L. Longo

Deletion of the loop region of Bcl-2 completely blocks paclitaxel-induced apoptosis
PNAS 1999 96: 3775-3780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Developmental Biology

James I. Kim, Tiansen Li, I.-Cheng Ho, Michael J. Grusby, and Laurie H. Glimcher

Requirement for the c-Maf transcription factor in crystallin gene regulation and lens development
PNAS 1999 96: 3781-3785. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Michael Stauber, Herbert Jäckle, and Urs Schmidt-Ott

The anterior determinant bicoid of Drosophila is a derived Hox class 3 gene
PNAS 1999 96: 3786-3789. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Tracy M. Saxton and Tony Pawson

Morphogenetic movements at gastrulation require the SH2 tyrosine phosphatase Shp2
PNAS 1999 96: 3790-3795. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Evolution

Li Jin, Peter A. Underhill, Vishal Doctor, Ronald W. Davis, Peidong Shen, L. Luca Cavalli-Sforza, and Peter J. Oefner

Distribution of haplotypes from a chromosome 21 region distinguishes multiple prehistoric human migrations
PNAS 1999 96: 3796-3800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Ravi Jain, Maria C. Rivera, and James A. Lake

Horizontal gene transfer among genomes: The complexity hypothesis
PNAS 1999 96: 3801-3806. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Dimitri Papadopoulos, Dominique Schneider, Jessica Meier-Eiss, Werner Arber, Richard E. Lenski, and Michel Blot

Genomic evolution during a 10,000-generation experiment with bacteria
PNAS 1999 96: 3807-3812. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Steven E. Finkel and Roberto Kolter

Evolution of microbial diversity during prolonged starvation
PNAS 1999 96: 4023-4027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

J. M. Bermúdez de Castro, A. Rosas, E. Carbonell, M. E. Nicolás, J. Rodríguez, and J. L. Arsuaga

A modern human pattern of dental development in Lower Pleistocene hominids from Atapuerca-TD6 (Spain)
PNAS 1999 96: 4210-4213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Genetics

Margaret A. MacMorris, Diego A. R. Zorio, and Thomas Blumenthal

An exon that prevents transport of a mature mRNA
PNAS 1999 96: 3813-3818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Lygia Pereira, Sui Ying Lee, Barbara Gayraud, Kostantinos Andrikopoulos, Steven D. Shapiro, Tracie Bunton, Nancy Jensen Biery, Harry C. Dietz, Lynn Y. Sakai, and Francesco Ramirez

Pathogenetic sequence for aneurysm revealed in mice underexpressing fibrillin-1
PNAS 1999 96: 3819-3823. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Hong Wang and Stephen J. Elledge

DRC1, DNA replication and checkpoint protein 1, functions with DPB11 to control DNA replication and the S-phase checkpoint in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PNAS 1999 96: 3824-3829. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jo Peters, Stephanie F. Wroe, Christine A. Wells, Howard J. Miller, Dorothy Bodle, Colin V. Beechey, Christine M. Williamson, and Gavin Kelsey

A cluster of oppositely imprinted transcripts at the Gnas locus in the distal imprinting region of mouse chromosome 2
PNAS 1999 96: 3830-3835. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jeannie T. Lee, Naifung Lu, and Yoon Han

Genetic analysis of the mouse X inactivation center defines an 80-kb multifunction domain
PNAS 1999 96: 3836-3841. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Rick A. Kittles, Jeffrey C. Long, Andrew W. Bergen, Monica Eggert, Matti Virkkunen, Markku Linnoila, and David Goldman

Cladistic association analysis of Y chromosome effects on alcohol dependence and related personality traits
PNAS 1999 96: 4204-4209. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Immunology

Dvora Teitelbaum, Ruth Arnon, and Michael Sela

Immunomodulation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by oral administration of copolymer 1
PNAS 1999 96: 3842-3847. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Katie J. M. Jeffery, Koichiro Usuku, Sarah E. Hall, Wataru Matsumoto, Graham P. Taylor, Jeanette Procter, Mike Bunce, Graham S. Ogg, Kenneth I. Welsh, Jonathan N. Weber, Alun L. Lloyd, Martin A. Nowak, Masahiro Nagai, Daisuke Kodama, Shuji Izumo, Mitsuhiro Osame, and Charles R. M. Bangham

HLA alleles determine human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) proviral load and the risk of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy
PNAS 1999 96: 3848-3853. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

David J. Morgan, Christian Kurts, Huub T. C. Kreuwel, Karen L. Holst, William R. Heath, and Linda A. Sherman

Ontogeny of T cell tolerance to peripherally expressed antigens
PNAS 1999 96: 3854-3858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Shigetsugu Hatakeyama, Masatoshi Kitagawa, Keiko Nakayama, Michiko Shirane, Masaki Matsumoto, Kimihiko Hattori, Hideaki Higashi, Hiroyasu Nakano, Ko Okumura, Kazunori Onoé, Robert A. Good, and Kei-ichi Nakayama

Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of IB is mediated by a ubiquitin ligase Skp1/Cul 1/F-box protein FWD1
PNAS 1999 96: 3859-3863. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Greg A. Snyder, Andrew G. Brooks, and Peter D. Sun

Crystal structure of the HLA-Cw3 allotype-specific killer cell inhibitory receptor KIR2DL2
PNAS 1999 96: 3864-3869. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

John D. Schatzle, Shane Sheu, Susan E. Stepp, Porunelloor A. Mathew, Michael Bennett, and Vinay Kumar

Characterization of inhibitory and stimulatory forms of the murine natural killer cell receptor 2B4
PNAS 1999 96: 3870-3875. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Runzhao Li, Huiping Pei, and Takis Papas

The p42 variant of ETS1 protein rescues defective Fas-induced apoptosis in colon carcinoma cells
PNAS 1999 96: 3876-3881. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Judit Biro, Andreas Würch, Alexandre J. Potocnik, Ingrid Falk, Horst Mossmann, and Klaus Eichmann

Regulation of T cell receptor (TCR)  gene expression by CD3 complex signaling in immature thymocytes: Implications for TCR allelic exclusion
PNAS 1999 96: 3882-3887. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Wenjun Ouyang, Nils G. Jacobson, Deepta Bhattacharya, James D. Gorham, Domenic Fenoglio, William C. Sha, Theresa L. Murphy, and Kenneth M. Murphy

The Ets transcription factor ERM is Th1-specific and induced by IL-12 through a Stat4-dependent pathway
PNAS 1999 96: 3888-3893. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Marcelle Kaufman, Fabienne Andris, and Oberdan Leo

A logical analysis of T cell activation and anergy
PNAS 1999 96: 3894-3899. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Medical Sciences

Vallabhaneni V. Rao, Julie L. Dahlheimer, Mark E. Bardgett, Abraham Z. Snyder, Rick A. Finch, Alan C. Sartorelli, and David Piwnica-Worms

Choroid plexus epithelial expression of MDR1 P glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein contribute to the blood-cerebrospinal-fluid drug-permeability barrier
PNAS 1999 96: 3900-3905. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Lili Wang, Kazuaki Takabe, Scott M. Bidlingmaier, Charles R. Ill, and Inder M. Verma

Sustained correction of bleeding disorder in hemophilia B mice by gene therapy
PNAS 1999 96: 3906-3910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Neil J. Toft, Douglas J. Winton, Jane Kelly, Louise A. Howard, Marleen Dekker, Hein te Riele, Mark J. Arends, Andrew H. Wyllie, Geoffrey P. Margison, and Alan R. Clarke

Msh2 status modulates both apoptosis and mutation frequency in the murine small intestine
PNAS 1999 96: 3911-3915. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Alexander Yu. Nikitin, María I. Juárez-Pérez, Song Li, Leaf Huang, and Wen-Hwa Lee

RB-mediated suppression of spontaneous multiple neuroendocrine neoplasia and lung metastases in Rb^+/ mice
PNAS 1999 96: 3916-3921. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Sven Lammich, Elzbieta Kojro, Rolf Postina, Sandra Gilbert, Roland Pfeiffer, Marek Jasionowski, Christian Haass, and Falk Fahrenholz

Constitutive and regulated -secretase cleavage of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein by a disintegrin metalloprotease
PNAS 1999 96: 3922-3927. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Hideshi Ishii, Raffaele Baffa, Shin-Ichiro Numata, Yoshiki Murakumo, Shashi Rattan, Hiroshi Inoue, Masaki Mori, Vincenzo Fidanza, Hansjuerg Alder, and Carlo M. Croce

The FEZ1 gene at chromosome 8p22 encodes a leucine-zipper protein, and its expression is altered in multiple human tumors
PNAS 1999 96: 3928-3933. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Leonidas Tsiokas, Thierry Arnould, Chenwen Zhu, Emily Kim, Gerd Walz, and Vikas P. Sukhatme

Specific association of the gene product of PKD2 with the TRPC1 channel
PNAS 1999 96: 3934-3939. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Dean W. Felsher and J. Michael Bishop

Transient excess of MYC activity can elicit genomic instability and tumorigenesis
PNAS 1999 96: 3940-3944. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Guido Iaccarino, L. Ashley Smithwick, Robert J. Lefkowitz, and Walter J. Koch

Targeting G signaling in arterial vascular smooth muscle proliferation: A novel strategy to limit restenosis
PNAS 1999 96: 3945-3950. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

George D. Demetri, Christopher D. M. Fletcher, Elisabetta Mueller, Pasha Sarraf, Ryan Naujoks, Natalee Campbell, Bruce M. Spiegelman, and Samuel Singer

Induction of solid tumor differentiation by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor- ligand troglitazone in patients with liposarcoma
PNAS 1999 96: 3951-3956. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Roxana Baluna, Josep Rizo, Brian E. Gordon, Victor Ghetie, and Ellen S. Vitetta

Evidence for a structural motif in toxins and interleukin-2 that may be responsible for binding to endothelial cells and initiating vascular leak syndrome
PNAS 1999 96: 3957-3962. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Zhongjian Zhang, Gopal C. Kundu, Dibyendu Panda, Asim K. Mandal, Giuditta Mantile-Selvaggi, Alessandro Peri, Chiun-Jye Yuan, and Anil B. Mukherjee

Loss of transformed phenotype in cancer cells by overexpression of the uteroglobin gene
PNAS 1999 96: 3963-3968. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Alfonso Bellacosa, Lucia Cicchillitti, Filippo Schepis, Antonio Riccio, Anthony T. Yeung, Yoshihiro Matsumoto, Erica A. Golemis, Maurizio Genuardi, and Giovanni Neri

MED1, a novel human methyl-CpG-binding endonuclease, interacts with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH1
PNAS 1999 96: 3969-3974. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Martina Schinke, Ovidiu Baltatu, Manfred Böhm, Jörg Peters, Wolfgang Rascher, Giampiero Bricca, Andrea Lippoldt, Detlev Ganten, and Michael Bader

Blood pressure reduction and diabetes insipidus in transgenic rats deficient in brain angiotensinogen
PNAS 1999 96: 3975-3980. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Brendan Lee, Julie A. Dennis, Peter J. Healy, Benjamin Mull, Lucio Pastore, Hung Yu, Estuardo Aguilar-Cordova, William O'Brien, Peter Reeds, and Arthur L. Beaudet

Hepatocyte gene therapy in a large animal: A neonatal bovine model of citrullinemia
PNAS 1999 96: 3981-3986. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Alex J. Raeber, Andreas Sailer, Ivan Hegyi, Michael A. Klein, Thomas Rülicke, Marek Fischer, Sebastian Brandner, Adriano Aguzzi, and Charles Weissmann

Ectopic expression of prion protein (PrP) in T lymphocytes or hepatocytes of PrP knockout mice is insufficient to sustain prion replication
PNAS 1999 96: 3987-3992. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Kazushi Inoue, Martine F. Roussel, and Charles J. Sherr

Induction of ARF tumor suppressor gene expression and cell cycle arrest by transcription factor DMP1
PNAS 1999 96: 3993-3998. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Lisa A. Paige, Dale J. Christensen, Hanne Grøn, John D. Norris, Elizabeth B. Gottlin, Karen M. Padilla, Ching-yi Chang, Lawrence M. Ballas, Paul T. Hamilton, Donald P. McDonnell, and Dana M. Fowlkes

Estrogen receptor (ER) modulators each induce distinct conformational changes in ER  and ER
PNAS 1999 96: 3999-4004. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Yi Zhao, Lunjian Zhu, Sunyoung Lee, Ling Li, Eric Chang, Nay-Wei Soong, Dan Douer, and W. French Anderson

Identification of the block in targeted retroviral-mediated gene transfer
PNAS 1999 96: 4005-4010. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Microbiology

Jun Liu and Hiroshi Nikaido

A mutant of Mycobacterium smegmatis defective in the biosynthesis of mycolic acids accumulates meromycolates
PNAS 1999 96: 4011-4016. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Céline Pujol, Emmanuel Eugène, Michaël Marceau, and Xavier Nassif

The meningococcal PilT protein is required for induction of intimate attachment to epithelial cells following pilus-mediated adhesion
PNAS 1999 96: 4017-4022. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Steven E. Finkel and Roberto Kolter

Evolution of microbial diversity during prolonged starvation
PNAS 1999 96: 4023-4027. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Fitnat H. Yildiz and Gary K. Schoolnik

Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor: Identification of a gene cluster required for the rugose colony type, exopolysaccharide production, chlorine resistance, and biofilm formation
PNAS 1999 96: 4028-4033. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Neurobiology

B. A. Strange, P. C. Fletcher, R. N. A. Henson, K. J. Friston, and R. J. Dolan

Segregating the functions of human hippocampus
PNAS 1999 96: 4034-4039. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Kazushige Touhara, Shintaro Sengoku, Koichiro Inaki, Akio Tsuboi, Junzo Hirono, Takaaki Sato, Hitoshi Sakano, and Tatsuya Haga

Functional identification and reconstitution of an odorant receptor in single olfactory neurons
PNAS 1999 96: 4040-4045. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Nöelle Bons, Nadine Mestre-Frances, Patrick Belli, Françoise Cathala, D. Carleton Gajdusek, and Paul Brown

Natural and experimental oral infection of nonhuman primates by bovine spongiform encephalopathy agents
PNAS 1999 96: 4046-4051. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Chao-Yi Li, Jing-Jiang Lei, and Hai-Shan Yao

Shift in speed selectivity of visual cortical neurons: A neural basis of perceived motion contrast
PNAS 1999 96: 4052-4056. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Norbert Vnek, Benjamin M. Ramsden, Chou P. Hung, Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic, and Anna Wang Roe

Optical imaging of functional domains in the cortex of the awake and behaving monkey
PNAS 1999 96: 4057-4060. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Magali Reyes-Harde, Ruth Empson, Barry V. L. Potter, Antony Galione, and Patric K. Stanton

Evidence of a role for cyclic ADP-ribose in long-term synaptic depression in hippocampus
PNAS 1999 96: 4061-4066. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Thomas Debeir, H. Uri Saragovi, and A. Claudio Cuello

A nerve growth factor mimetic TrkA antagonist causes withdrawal of cortical cholinergic boutons in the adult rat
PNAS 1999 96: 4067-4072. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Pan-Pan Gao, Yong Yue, Douglas Pat Cerretti, Cheryl Dreyfus, and Renping Zhou

Ephrin-dependent growth and pruning of hippocampal axons
PNAS 1999 96: 4073-4077. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Masanobu Yamada, Thomas Oligino, Marina Mata, James R. Goss, Joseph C. Glorioso, and David J. Fink

Herpes simplex virus vector-mediated expression of Bcl-2 prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra in vivo
PNAS 1999 96: 4078-4083. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Hubert Löwenheim, David N. Furness, Jonathan Kil, Christoph Zinn, Karina Gültig, Matthew L. Fero, Deanna Frost, Anthony W. Gummer, James M. Roberts, Edwin W. Rubel, Carole M. Hackney, and Hans-Peter Zenner

Gene disruption of p27^Kip1 allows cell proliferation in the postnatal and adult organ of Corti
PNAS 1999 96: 4084-4088. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Su-Chun Zhang, Bin Ge, and Ian D. Duncan

Adult brain retains the potential to generate oligodendroglial progenitors with extensive myelination capacity
PNAS 1999 96: 4089-4094. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Sunghoe Chang and Sergey V. Popov

Long-range signaling within growing neurites mediated by neurotrophin-3
PNAS 1999 96: 4095-4100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Fredrick Van Goor, Lazar Z. Krsmanovic, Kevin J. Catt, and Stanko S. Stojilkovic

Coordinate regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal firing patterns by cytosolic calcium and store depletion
PNAS 1999 96: 4101-4106. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

T. Schikorski and C. F. Stevens

Quantitative fine-structural analysis of olfactory cortical synapses
PNAS 1999 96: 4107-4112. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Jesús García-Colunga and Ricardo Miledi

Modulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by strychnine
PNAS 1999 96: 4113-4118. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

K. Ancolio, C. Dumanchin, H. Barelli, J. M. Warter, A. Brice, D. Campion, T. Frébourg, and F. Checler

Unusual phenotypic alteration of  amyloid precursor protein (APP) maturation by a new Val-715  Met APP-770 mutation responsible for probable early-onset Alzheimer's disease
PNAS 1999 96: 4119-4124. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Qing Guo, Lois Sebastian, Bryce L. Sopher, Miles W. Miller, Gordon W. Glazner, Carol B. Ware, George M. Martin, and Mark P. Mattson

Neurotrophic factors [activity-dependent neurotrophic factor (ADNF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)] interrupt excitotoxic neurodegenerative cascades promoted by a PS1 mutation
PNAS 1999 96: 4125-4130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Yasushi Takagi, Akira Mitsui, Akira Nishiyama, Kazuhiko Nozaki, Hiroshi Sono, Yasuhiro Gon, Nobuo Hashimoto, and Junji Yodoi

Overexpression of thioredoxin in transgenic mice attenuates focal ischemic brain damage
PNAS 1999 96: 4131-4136. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Martin Wallner, Pratap Meera, and Ligia Toro

Molecular basis of fast inactivation in voltage and Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels: A transmembrane -subunit homolog
PNAS 1999 96: 4137-4142. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Pharmacology

I. Gozes, O. Perl, E. Giladi, A. Davidson, O. Ashur-Fabian, S. Rubinraut, and M. Fridkin

Mapping the active site in vasoactive intestinal peptide to a core of four amino acids: Neuroprotective drug design
PNAS 1999 96: 4143-4148. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Franz Schuler, Takahiro Yano, Salvatore Di Bernardo, Takao Yagi, Victoria Yankovskaya, Thomas P. Singer, and John E. Casida

NADH-quinone oxidoreductase: PSST subunit couples electron transfer from iron-sulfur cluster N2 to quinone
PNAS 1999 96: 4149-4153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Physiology

C. M. Armstrong and Gabriel Cota

Calcium block of Na⁺ channels and its effect on closing rate
PNAS 1999 96: 4154-4157. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

C. M. Armstrong

Distinguishing surface effects of calcium ion from pore-occupancy effects in Na⁺ channels
PNAS 1999 96: 4158-4163. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Patrick J. Lynch, Jiefei Tong, Mary Lehane, Alejandro Mallet, Linda Giblin, James J. A. Heffron, Pat Vaughan, Gildardo Zafra, David H. MacLennan, and Tommie V. McCarthy

A mutation in the transmembrane/luminal domain of the ryanodine receptor is associated with abnormal Ca²⁺ release channel function and severe central core disease
PNAS 1999 96: 4164-4169. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Stephan Kellenberger, Ivan Gautschi, and Laurent Schild

A single point mutation in the pore region of the epithelial Na⁺ channel changes ion selectivity by modifying molecular sieving
PNAS 1999 96: 4170-4175. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Plant Biology

R. M. Green and E. M. Tobin

Loss of the circadian clock-associated protein 1 in Arabidopsis results in altered clock-regulated gene expression
PNAS 1999 96: 4176-4179. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Yuejin Sun, Brian P. Dilkes, Chunsheng Zhang, Ricardo A. Dante, Newton P. Carneiro, Keith S. Lowe, Rudolf Jung, William J. Gordon-Kamm, and Brian A. Larkins

Characterization of maize (Zea mays L.) Wee1 and its activity in developing endosperm
PNAS 1999 96: 4180-4185. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Tomohiro Kiyosue, Nir Ohad, Ramin Yadegari, Mike Hannon, Jose Dinneny, Derek Wells, Anat Katz, Linda Margossian, John J. Harada, Robert B. Goldberg, and Robert L. Fischer

Control of fertilization-independent endosperm development by the MEDEA polycomb gene in Arabidopsis
PNAS 1999 96: 4186-4191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Ellen Hornung, Matthias Walther, Hartmut Kühn, and Ivo Feussner

Conversion of cucumber linoleate 13-lipoxygenase to a 9-lipoxygenating species by site-directed mutagenesis
PNAS 1999 96: 4192-4197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

Patricia L. Conklin, Susan R. Norris, Glen L. Wheeler, Elizabeth H. Williams, Nicholas Smirnoff, and Robert L. Last

Genetic evidence for the role of GDP-mannose in plant ascorbic acid (vitamin C) biosynthesis
PNAS 1999 96: 4198-4203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]  

CORRECTIONS

Correction for vol. 94, p. 9654 [Full Text]  

Correction for vol. 95, p. 13188 [Full Text]