Markov chain Monte Carlo without likelihoods

^*Biostatistics Division, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, and ^†Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089

Communicated by Michael S. Waterman, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, October 24, 2003 (received for review June 20, 2003)

Footnotes

↵‡ To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Program in Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, SHS 172, University of Southern California, 835 West 37th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1340. E-mail: stavare{at}usc.edu.
Abbreviations: MCMC, Markov chain Monte Carlo; MRCA, most recent common ancestor.

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Article usage

Article usage: December 2003 to January 2021

	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Dec 2003	539	87	403
Total 2003	539	87	403
Jan 2004	212	112	216
Feb 2004	56	25	56
Mar 2004	37	30	46
Apr 2004	33	34	48
May 2004	42	37	23
Jun 2004	37	42	24
Jul 2004	22	35	45
Aug 2004	22	24	22
Sep 2004	27	14	21
Oct 2004	15	18	30
Nov 2004	12	26	35
Dec 2004	20	18	23
Total 2004	535	415	589
Jan 2005	6	11	18
Feb 2005	2	6	14
Mar 2005	10	9	37
Apr 2005	12	22	28
May 2005	26	23	23
Jun 2005	24	13	20
Jul 2005	36	20	27
Aug 2005	39	9	22
Sep 2005	22	6	10
Oct 2005	40	26	29
Nov 2005	53	20	17
Dec 2005	30	9	25
Total 2005	300	174	270
Jan 2006	30	14	22
Feb 2006	38	28	28
Mar 2006	30	12	38
Apr 2006	39	18	20
May 2006	34	22	26
Jun 2006	37	16	31
Jul 2006	24	19	23
Aug 2006	37	11	21
Sep 2006	44	30	56
Oct 2006	50	27	86
Nov 2006	57	15	81
Dec 2006	35	8	60
Total 2006	455	220	492
Jan 2007	27	24	72
Feb 2007	31	19	89
Mar 2007	49	18	109
Apr 2007	42	26	117
May 2007	51	20	95
Jun 2007	40	18	86
Jul 2007	25	4	62
Aug 2007	37	12	65
Sep 2007	46	35	53
Oct 2007	47	34	42
Nov 2007	75	57	45
Dec 2007	40	31	24
Total 2007	510	298	859
Jan 2008	28	32	49
Feb 2008	36	29	43
Mar 2008	41	27	64
Apr 2008	55	22	107
May 2008	81	19	151
Jun 2008	88	22	133
Jul 2008	71	11	80
Aug 2008	77	10	64
Sep 2008	86	12	44
Oct 2008	88	18	63
Nov 2008	71	17	51
Dec 2008	69	20	37
Total 2008	791	239	886
Jan 2009	69	23	36
Feb 2009	53	17	28
Mar 2009	57	42	72
Apr 2009	48	41	59
May 2009	52	34	33
Jun 2009	71	21	32
Jul 2009	55	29	54
Aug 2009	32	30	30
Sep 2009	57	33	33
Oct 2009	51	77	45
Nov 2009	43	96	58
Dec 2009	39	48	32
Total 2009	627	491	512
Jan 2010	24	66	36
Feb 2010	36	52	50
Mar 2010	46	97	59
Apr 2010	38	74	58
May 2010	31	76	35
Jun 2010	39	78	42
Jul 2010	44	64	42
Aug 2010	23	72	52
Sep 2010	44	104	62
Oct 2010	55	78	63
Nov 2010	35	95	49
Dec 2010	28	64	19
Total 2010	443	920	567
Jan 2011	27	57	41
Feb 2011	31	47	36
Mar 2011	39	53	46
Apr 2011	46	48	61
May 2011	45	33	50
Jun 2011	48	53	54
Jul 2011	70	49	50
Aug 2011	78	77	45
Sep 2011	69	87	42
Oct 2011	98	79	49
Nov 2011	76	88	44
Dec 2011	68	83	41
Total 2011	695	754	559
Jan 2012	71	47	32
Feb 2012	81	57	60
Mar 2012	102	66	72
Apr 2012	72	52	37
May 2012	62	52	29
Jun 2012	47	41	42
Jul 2012	59	86	42
Aug 2012	46	32	34
Sep 2012	60	47	36
Oct 2012	56	49	46
Nov 2012	47	54	52
Dec 2012	50	42	39
Total 2012	753	625	521
Jan 2013	228	43	51
Feb 2013	60	86	76
Mar 2013	82	73	53
Apr 2013	117	54	55
May 2013	105	59	38
Jun 2013	83	56	41
Jul 2013	71	51	96
Aug 2013	72	58	50
Sep 2013	77	43	45
Oct 2013	60	46	35
Nov 2013	70	51	42
Dec 2013	54	59	62
Total 2013	1079	679	644
Jan 2014	48	80	34
Feb 2014	70	56	40
Mar 2014	79	51	45
Apr 2014	71	67	33
May 2014	80	84	49
Jun 2014	212	73	59
Jul 2014	96	68	44
Aug 2014	99	66	45
Sep 2014	80	59	47
Oct 2014	103	53	39
Nov 2014	114	73	52
Dec 2014	93	64	35
Total 2014	1145	794	522
Jan 2015	103	113	47
Feb 2015	74	101	62
Mar 2015	121	111	56
Apr 2015	87	100	67
May 2015	87	92	42
Jun 2015	57	78	35
Jul 2015	55	81	31
Aug 2015	59	68	36
Sep 2015	86	76	49
Oct 2015	81	61	49
Nov 2015	65	79	41
Dec 2015	70	45	34
Total 2015	945	1005	549
Jan 2016	109	57	54
Feb 2016	89	65	55
Mar 2016	93	69	43
Apr 2016	99	81	52
May 2016	99	107	64
Jun 2016	78	72	45
Jul 2016	55	85	48
Aug 2016	65	106	70
Sep 2016	118	77	81
Oct 2016	80	103	61
Nov 2016	58	102	45
Dec 2016	68	92	54
Total 2016	1011	1016	672
Jan 2017	80	105	77
Feb 2017	87	106	81
Mar 2017	83	116	97
Apr 2017	96	84	62
May 2017	443	136	77
Jun 2017	80	99	71
Jul 2017	63	89	49
Aug 2017	80	78	58
Sep 2017	55	85	49
Oct 2017	89	131	76
Nov 2017	60	118	55
Dec 2017	66	69	35
Total 2017	1282	1216	787
Jan 2018	66	99	39
Feb 2018	120	142	52
Mar 2018	120	108	56
Apr 2018	157	175	102
May 2018	154	171	84
Jun 2018	147	188	53
Jul 2018	116	135	55
Aug 2018	124	147	43
Sep 2018	94	151	50
Oct 2018	54	190	89
Nov 2018	40	203	66
Dec 2018	31	167	86
Total 2018	1223	1876	775
Jan 2019	25	106	65
Feb 2019	21	95	46
Mar 2019	32	154	83
Apr 2019	22	89	64
May 2019	24	120	74
Jun 2019	32	147	53
Jul 2019	29	157	75
Aug 2019	16	96	86
Sep 2019	22	149	49
Oct 2019	29	147	69
Nov 2019	29	137	90
Dec 2019	22	146	76
Total 2019	303	1543	830
Jan 2020	29	133	92
Feb 2020	36	138	90
Mar 2020	23	110	58
Apr 2020	17	160	91
May 2020	19	167	74
Jun 2020	16	133	57
Jul 2020	16	128	86
Aug 2020	30	101	73
Sep 2020	55	143	103
Oct 2020	43	181	150
Nov 2020	45	179	128
Dec 2020	70	180	105
Total 2020	399	1753	1107
Jan 2021	22	77	66
Total 2021	22	77	66
Total	13057	14182	11610