Table of Contents

Biological Sciences

• Agricultural Sciences

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    Targeted down-regulation of cytochrome P450 enzymes for forage quality improvement in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

    M. S. Srinivasa Reddy, Fang Chen, Gail Shadle, Lisa Jackson, Hugh Aljoe, and Richard A. Dixon

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16573-16578; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505749102

• Anthropology

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    Dental senescence in a long-lived primate links infant survival to rainfall

    • From the Cover

    Stephen J. King, Summer J. Arrigo-Nelson, Sharon T. Pochron, Gina M. Semprebon, Laurie R. Godfrey, Patricia C. Wright, and Jukka Jernvall

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16579-16583; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508377102

    See companion article:

    • Reproductive fitness and tooth wear: Milking as much as possible out of dental topographic analysis

      - Nov 07, 2005

• Biochemistry

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    Resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 8A catalyzes release of Gαi-GTP and nuclear mitotic apparatus protein (NuMA) from NuMA/LGN/Gαi-GDP complexes

    Gregory G. Tall and Alfred G. Gilman

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16584-16589; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508306102
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    RhlB helicase rather than enolase is the β-subunit of the Escherichia coli polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase)–exoribonucleolytic complex

    Pei-Hsun Lin and Sue Lin-Chao

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16590-16595; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0500994102
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    Control of mammalian glycogen synthase by PAS kinase

    Wayne A. Wilson, Alexander V. Skurat, Brandon Probst, Anna de Paoli-Roach, Peter J. Roach, and Jared Rutter

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16596-16601; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508481102
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    Structural basis of the resistance of an insect carboxypeptidase to plant protease inhibitors

    Alex Bayés, Mireia Comellas-Bigler, Monica Rodríguez de la Vega, Klaus Maskos, Wolfram Bode, Francesc X. Aviles, Maarten A. Jongsma, Jules Beekwilder, and Josep Vendrell

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16602-16607; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505489102
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    Cyclin H binding to the RARα activation function (AF)-2 domain directs phosphorylation of the AF-1 domain by cyclin-dependent kinase 7

    Gaétan Bour, Emilie Gaillard, Nathalie Bruck, Sébastien Lalevée, Jean-Luc Plassat, Didier Busso, Jean-Pierre Samama, and Cécile Rochette-Egly

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16608-16613; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505556102
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    An essential RNase III insertion editing endonuclease in Trypanosoma brucei

    Jason Carnes, James Raffaello Trotter, Nancy Lewis Ernst, Alodie Steinberg, and Kenneth Stuart

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16614-16619; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506133102
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    Deleterious mutations in small subunit ribosomal RNA identify functional sites and potential targets for antibiotics

    Aymen Yassin, Kurt Fredrick, and Alexander S. Mankin

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16620-16625; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508444102
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    The structural basis of myotonic dystrophy from the crystal structure of CUG repeats

    Blaine H. M. Mooers, Jeremy S. Logue, and J. Andrew Berglund

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16626-16631; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505873102
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    Computational docking and solution x-ray scattering predict a membrane-interacting role for the histone domain of the Ras activator son of sevenless

    Holger Sondermann, Bhushan Nagar, Dafna Bar-Sagi, and John Kuriyan

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16632-16637; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508315102

• Biophysics

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    Making ATP

    • Inaugural Article

    Jianhua Xing, Jung-Chi Liao, and George Oster

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16539-16546; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507207102
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    Relation between the Widom line and the dynamic crossover in systems with a liquid–liquid phase transition

    Limei Xu, Pradeep Kumar, S. V. Buldyrev, S.-H. Chen, P. H. Poole, F. Sciortino, and H. E. Stanley

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16558-16562; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507870102
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    X-ray absorption spectroscopy of chloroperoxidase compound I: Insight into the reactive intermediate of P450 chemistry

    Kari L. Stone, Rachel K. Behan, and Michael T. Green

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16563-16565; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507069102
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    Dynamic force spectroscopy of parallel individual Mucin1–antibody bonds

    Todd A. Sulchek, Raymond W. Friddle, Kevin Langry, Edmond Y. Lau, Huguette Albrecht, Timothy V. Ratto, Sally J. DeNardo, Michael E. Colvin, and Aleksandr Noy

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16638-16643; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505208102
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    Actin-bound structures of Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)-homology domain 2 and the implications for filament assembly

    David Chereau, Frederic Kerff, Philip Graceffa, Zenon Grabarek, Knut Langsetmo, and Roberto Dominguez

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16644-16649; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507021102
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    A microscopic view of miniprotein folding: Enhanced folding efficiency through formation of an intermediate

    Hannes Neuweiler, Sören Doose, and Markus Sauer

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16650-16655; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507351102
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    Computational redesign of human butyrylcholinesterase for anticocaine medication

    Yongmei Pan, Daquan Gao, Wenchao Yang, Hoon Cho, Guangfu Yang, Hsin-Hsiung Tai, and Chang-Guo Zhan

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16656-16661; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507332102
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    Effect of modulating unfolded state structure on the folding kinetics of the villin headpiece subdomain

    Scott H. Brewer, Dung M. Vu, Yuefeng Tang, Ying Li, Stefan Franzen, Daniel P. Raleigh, and R. Brian Dyer

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16662-16667; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505432102
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    Cooperative water filling of a nonpolar protein cavity observed by high-pressure crystallography and simulation

    Marcus D. Collins, Gerhard Hummer, Michael L. Quillin, Brian W. Matthews, and Sol M. Gruner

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16668-16671; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508224102
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    The amyloid stretch hypothesis: Recruiting proteins toward the dark side

    Alexandra Esteras-Chopo, Luis Serrano, and Manuela López de la Paz

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16672-16677; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505905102
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    Quantitative NMR spectroscopy of supramolecular complexes: Dynamic side pores in ClpP are important for product release

    Remco Sprangers, Anna Gribun, Peter M. Hwang, Walid A. Houry, and Lewis E. Kay

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16678-16683; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507370102
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    Protein folding by distributed computing and the denatured state ensemble

    Neelan J. Marianayagam, Nicolas L. Fawzi, and Teresa Head-Gordon

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16684-16689; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506388102

• Cell Biology

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    Age-related changes of nuclear architecture in Caenorhabditis elegans

    • From the Cover

    Erin Haithcock, Yaron Dayani, Ester Neufeld, Adam J. Zahand, Naomi Feinstein, Anna Mattout, Yosef Gruenbaum, and Jun Liu

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16690-16695; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506955102

    See companion article:

    • This Week in PNAS

      - Nov 15, 2005
    • Integrity matters: Linking nuclear architecture to lifespan

      - Dec 19, 2005

• Developmental Biology

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    Androgens regulate the permeability of the blood–testis barrier

    Jing Meng, Robert W. Holdcraft, James E. Shima, Michael D. Griswold, and Robert E. Braun

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16696-16700; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506084102

• Ecology

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    Community inertia of Quaternary small mammal assemblages in North America

    Brian J. McGill, Elizabeth A. Hadly, and Brian A. Maurer

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16701-16706; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0504225102
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    Pleistocene to recent dietary shifts in California condors

    C. P. Chamberlain, J. R. Waldbauer, K. Fox-Dobbs, S. D. Newsome, P. L. Koch, D. R. Smith, M. E. Church, S. D. Chamberlain, K. J. Sorenson, and R. Risebrough

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16707-16711; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508529102

• Evolution

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    Microevolution and mega-icebergs in the Antarctic

    • From the Cover

    L. D. Shepherd, C. D. Millar, G. Ballard, D. G. Ainley, P. R. Wilson, G. D. Haynes, C. Baroni, and D. M. Lambert

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16717-16722; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0502281102
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    Genetic diversity and reproductive success in mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx)

    M. Charpentier, J. M. Setchell, F. Prugnolle, L. A. Knapp, E. J. Wickings, P. Peignot, and M. Hossaert-McKey

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16723-16728; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507205102

• Genetics

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    Functional analysis of fruitless gene expression by transgenic manipulations of Drosophila courtship

    • Inaugural Article

    Adriana Villella, Sarah L. Ferri, Jonathan D. Krystal, and Jeffrey C. Hall

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16550-16557; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507056102

    See companion article:

    • Profile of Jeffrey C. Hall

      - Nov 07, 2005
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    A yeast two-hybrid knockout strain to explore thioredoxin-interacting proteins in vivo

    Florence Vignols, Claire Bréhélin, Yolande Surdin-Kerjan, Dominique Thomas, and Yves Meyer

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16729-16734; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506880102

• Immunology

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    An IL-7-dependent rebound in thymic T cell output contributes to the bone loss induced by estrogen deficiency

    Michaela Robbie Ryan, Rebecca Shepherd, Jennifer K. Leavey, Yuhao Gao, Francesco Grassi, Frederick J. Schnell, Wei-Ping Qian, Gilbert J. Kersh, M. Neale Weitzmann, and Roberto Pacifici

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16735-16740; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505168102
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    Inhibition of FLT3 signaling targets DCs to ameliorate autoimmune disease

    Katharine A. Whartenby, Peter A. Calabresi, Erin McCadden, Bao Nguyen, David Kardian, Tianhong Wang, Claudio Mosse, Drew M. Pardoll, and Donald Small

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16741-16746; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506088102

• Medical Sciences

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    The antiinflammatory effect of laminar flow: The role of PPARγ, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, and soluble epoxide hydrolase

    Yi Liu, Yingjia Zhang, Kara Schmelzer, Tzong-Shyuan Lee, Xiang Fang, Yi Zhu, Arthur A. Spector, Sarjeet Gill, Christophe Morisseau, Bruce D. Hammock, and John Y.-J. Shyy

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16747-16752; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508081102
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    Modulation of surgical fibrosis by microbial zwitterionic polysaccharides

    Begonia Ruiz-Perez, Doo R. Chung, Arlene H. Sharpe, Hideo Yagita, Wiltrud M. Kalka-Moll, Mohamed H. Sayegh, Dennis L. Kasper, and Arthur O. Tzianabos

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16753-16758; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505688102
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    Evaluation of the functional diffusion map as an early biomarker of time-to-progression and overall survival in high-grade glioma

    Daniel A. Hamstra, Thomas L. Chenevert, Bradford A. Moffat, Timothy D. Johnson, Charles R. Meyer, Suresh K. Mukherji, Douglas J. Quint, Stephen S. Gebarski, Xiaoying Fan, Christina I. Tsien, Theodore S. Lawrence, Larry Junck, Alnawaz Rehemtulla, and Brian D. Ross

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16759-16764; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508347102
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    Gene therapy for progeny of mito-mice carrying pathogenic mtDNA by nuclear transplantation

    Akitsugu Sato, Tomohiro Kono, Kazuto Nakada, Kaori Ishikawa, Shin-Ichi Inoue, Hiromichi Yonekawa, and Jun-Ichi Hayashi

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16765-16770; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506197102
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    Carbonic anhydrase IV and XIV knockout mice: Roles of the respective carbonic anhydrases in buffering the extracellular space in brain

    Gul N. Shah, Barbara Ulmasov, Abdul Waheed, Timothy Becker, Sachin Makani, Nataliya Svichar, Mitchell Chesler, and William S. Sly

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16771-16776; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508449102
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    WNK3 kinase is a positive regulator of NKCC2 and NCC, renal cation-Cl^- cotransporters required for normal blood pressure homeostasis

    Jesse Rinehart, Kristopher T. Kahle, Paola de los Heros, Norma Vazquez, Patricia Meade, Frederick H. Wilson, Steven C. Hebert, Ignacio Gimenez, Gerardo Gamba, and Richard P. Lifton

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16777-16782; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508303102
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    WNK3 modulates transport of Cl^- in and out of cells: Implications for control of cell volume and neuronal excitability

    Kristopher T. Kahle, Jesse Rinehart, Paola de los Heros, Angeliki Louvi, Patricia Meade, Norma Vazquez, Steven C. Hebert, Gerardo Gamba, Ignacio Gimenez, and Richard P. Lifton

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16783-16788; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508307102
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    Molecular evidence for arterial repair in atherosclerosis

    Ravi Karra, Sreekanth Vemullapalli, Chunming Dong, Edward E. Herderick, Xiaohua Song, Kathy Slosek, Joseph R. Nevins, Mike West, Pascal J. Goldschmidt-Clermont, and David Seo

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16789-16794; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507718102
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    Molecular basis for keratoconus: Lack of TrkA expression and its transcriptional repression by Sp3

    Alessandro Lambiase, Daniela Merlo, Cristiana Mollinari, Paolo Bonini, Anna Maria Rinaldi, Mauro D' Amato, Alessandra Micera, Marco Coassin, Paolo Rama, Stefano Bonini, and Enrico Garaci

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16795-16800; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508516102
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    Pharmacological induction of heat-shock proteins alleviates polyglutamine-mediated motor neuron disease

    Masahisa Katsuno, Chen Sang, Hiroaki Adachi, Makoto Minamiyama, Masahiro Waza, Fumiaki Tanaka, Manabu Doyu, and Gen Sobue

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16801-16806; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506249102
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    Chemical imaging of tissue in vivo with video-rate coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy

    Conor L. Evans, Eric O. Potma, Mehron Puoris'haag, Daniel Côté, Charles P. Lin, and X. Sunney Xie

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16807-16812; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508282102

• Microbiology

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    Disruption of a Plasmodium falciparum gene linked to male sexual development causes early arrest in gametocytogenesis

    Tetsuya Furuya, Jianbing Mu, Karen Hayton, Anna Liu, Junhui Duan, Louis Nkrumah, Deirdre A. Joy, David A. Fidock, Hisashi Fujioka, Akhil B. Vaidya, Thomas E. Wellems, and Xin-zhuan Su

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16813-16818; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0501858102
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    Biofilm formation and phenotypic variation enhance predation-driven persistence of Vibrio cholerae

    Carsten Matz, Diane McDougald, Ana Maria Moreno, Pui Yi Yung, Fitnat H. Yildiz, and Staffan Kjelleberg

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16819-16824; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505350102
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    An improved reverse genetics system for influenza A virus generation and its implications for vaccine production

    Gabriele Neumann, Ken Fujii, Yoichiro Kino, and Yoshihiro Kawaoka

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16825-16829; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505587102

• Neuroscience

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    Structure and activity of the axon guidance protein MICAL

    Mythili Nadella, Mario A. Bianchet, Sandra B. Gabelli, Jennifer Barrila, and L. Mario Amzel

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16830-16835; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0504838102
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    High-resolution structure of the catalytic region of MICAL (molecule interacting with CasL), a multidomain flavoenzyme-signaling molecule

    Christian Siebold, Nick Berrow, Thomas S. Walter, Karl Harlos, Ray J. Owens, David I. Stuart, Jonathan R. Terman, Alex L. Kolodkin, R. Jeroen Pasterkamp, and E. Yvonne Jones

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16836-16841; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0504997102
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    Parkinson's disease-associated mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 augment kinase activity

    • From the Cover

    Andrew B. West, Darren J. Moore, Saskia Biskup, Artem Bugayenko, Wanli W. Smith, Christopher A. Ross, Valina L. Dawson, and Ted M. Dawson

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16842-16847; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507360102

    See companion article:

    • Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2: A new player with a familiar theme for Parkinson's disease pathogenesis

      - Nov 07, 2005
    • This Week in PNAS

      - Nov 15, 2005
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    Sustaining intrinsic growth capacity of adult neurons promotes spinal cord regeneration

    Simona Neumann, Kate Skinner, and Allan I. Basbaum

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16848-16852; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508538102
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    Phosphoinositol lipids bind to phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)-kinase enhancer GTPase and mediate its stimulatory effect on PI3-kinase and Akt signalings

    Yuanxin Hu, Zhixue Liu, and Keqiang Ye

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16853-16858; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507365102
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    RNA splicing capability of live neuronal dendrites

    J. Glanzer, K. Y. Miyashiro, J.-Y. Sul, L. Barrett, B. Belt, P. Haydon, and J. Eberwine

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16859-16864; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503783102
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    Sensory suppression during feeding

    H. Foo and Peggy Mason

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16865-16869; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0506226102
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    Bees encode behaviorally significant spectral relationships in complex scenes to resolve stimulus ambiguity

    R. Beau Lotto and Martina Wicklein

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16870-16874; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503773102

    See companion article:

    • This Week in PNAS

      - Nov 15, 2005
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    Unconscious processing of orientation and color without primary visual cortex

    Jennifer L. Boyer, Stephenie Harrison, and Tony Ro

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16875-16879; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0505332102

• Physiology

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    Revealing the large-scale network organization of growth hormone-secreting cells

    Xavier Bonnefont, Alain Lacampagne, Angela Sanchez-Hormigo, Elodie Fino, Audrey Creff, Marie-Noelle Mathieu, Sébastien Smallwood, Danielle Carmignac, Pierre Fontanaud, Pierre Travo, Gérard Alonso, Nathalie Courtois-Coutry, Steve M. Pincus, Iain C. A. F. Robinson, and Patrice Mollard

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16880-16885; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508202102
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    Impaired involution of mammary glands in the absence of milk fat globule EGF factor 8

    Rikinari Hanayama and Shigekazu Nagata

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16886-16891; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508599102

• Plant Biology

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    Infection patterns in barley and wheat spikes inoculated with wild-type and trichodiene synthase gene disrupted Fusarium graminearum

    Carin Jansen, Diter von Wettstein, Wilhelm Schäfer, Karl-Heinz Kogel, Angelika Felk, and Frank J. Maier

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16892-16897; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0508467102
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    Differential use of two cyclic electron flows around photosystem I for driving CO₂-concentration mechanism in C₄ photosynthesis

    • From the Cover

    Atsushi Takabayashi, Masahiro Kishine, Kozi Asada, Tsuyoshi Endo, and Fumihiko Sato

    PNAS November 15, 2005 102 (46) 16898-16903; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507095102

    See companion article:

    • This Week in PNAS

      - Nov 15, 2005