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Research Article

High-amylose wheat generated by RNA interference improves indices of large-bowel health in rats

Ahmed Regina, Anthony Bird, David Topping, Sarah Bowden, Judy Freeman, Tina Barsby, Behjat Kosar-Hashemi, Zhongyi Li, Sadequr Rahman, and Matthew Morell
  1. *Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Food Futures National Research Flagship, P.O. Box 93, North Ryde 1670, NSW, Australia;
  2. †Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Plant Industry, G.P.O. Box 1600, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia;
  3. ‡Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Human Nutrition, P.O. Box 10041, Adelaide BC 5000, SA, Australia; and
  4. §Biogemma UK Limited, 200 Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0GZ, United Kingdom

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PNAS March 7, 2006 103 (10) 3546-3551; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0510737103
Ahmed Regina
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Anthony Bird
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David Topping
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Sarah Bowden
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Judy Freeman
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Tina Barsby
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Behjat Kosar-Hashemi
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Zhongyi Li
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Sadequr Rahman
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Matthew Morell
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  • For correspondence: matthew.morell@csiro.au
  1. Communicated by William James Peacock, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, Australia, December 14, 2005 (received for review October 4, 2005)

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Abstract

Foods high in resistant starch have the potential to improve human health and lower the risk of serious noninfectious diseases. RNA interference was used to down-regulate the two different isoforms of starch-branching enzyme (SBE) II (SBEIIa and SBEIIb) in wheat endosperm to raise its amylose content. Suppression of SBEIIb expression alone had no effect on amylose content; however, suppression of both SBEIIa and SBEIIb expression resulted in starch containing >70% amylose. When the >70% amylose wheat grain was fed to rats in a diet as a wholemeal, several indices of large-bowel function, including short-chain fatty acids, were improved relative to standard wholemeal wheat. These results indicate that this high-amylose wheat has a significant potential to improve human health through its resistant starch content.

  • genetic engineering
  • nutrition
  • starch

Footnotes

  • ¶To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: matthew.morell{at}csiro.au
  • Author contributions: A.R., A.B., D.T., J.F., T.B., Z.L., S.R., and M.M. designed research; A.R., A.B., S.B., and B.K.-H. performed research; A.R., A.B., D.T., S.B., J.F., T.B., B.K.-H., Z.L., S.R., and M.M. analyzed data; and A.R., A.B., D.T., J.F., B.K.-H., S.R., and M.M. wrote the paper.

  • Conflict of interest statement: No conflicts declared.

  • Abbreviations:
    NSP,
    nonstarch polysaccharides;
    RS,
    resistant starch;
    SCFA,
    short-chain fatty acid;
    DP,
    degree of polymerization;
    SBE,
    starch-branching enzyme;
    RNAi,
    RNA interference;
    SEC,
    size exclusion chromatography.
  • © 2006 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA
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High-amylose wheat generated by RNA interference improves indices of large-bowel health in rats
Ahmed Regina, Anthony Bird, David Topping, Sarah Bowden, Judy Freeman, Tina Barsby, Behjat Kosar-Hashemi, Zhongyi Li, Sadequr Rahman, Matthew Morell
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Mar 2006, 103 (10) 3546-3551; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0510737103

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High-amylose wheat generated by RNA interference improves indices of large-bowel health in rats
Ahmed Regina, Anthony Bird, David Topping, Sarah Bowden, Judy Freeman, Tina Barsby, Behjat Kosar-Hashemi, Zhongyi Li, Sadequr Rahman, Matthew Morell
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Mar 2006, 103 (10) 3546-3551; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0510737103
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