Correction for Palma et al., Anomalous levels of Cl⁻ transporters in the hippocampal subiculum from temporal lobe epilepsy patients make GABA excitatory

medical sciences . For the article “Anomalous levels of Cl⁻ transporters in the hippocampal subiculum from temporal lobe epilepsy patients make GABA excitatory,” by E. Palma, M. Amici, F. Sobrero, G. Spinelli, S. Di Angelantonio, D. Ragozzino, A. Mascia, C. Scoppetta, V. Esposito, R. Miledi, and F. Eusebi, which appeared in issue 22, May 30, 2006, of Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (103, 8465–8468; first published May 18, 2006; 10.1073/pnas.0602979103), the authors note that the last sentence of the Abstract, “We conclude that the anomalous expression of both Cl⁻ transporters, KCC1 and NKCC2, in TLE hippocampal subiculum probably causes altered Cl⁻ transport in the ‘epileptic’ neurons, as revealed in the microtransplanted Xenopus oocytes, and renders GABA aberrantly ‘exciting,’ a feature that may contribute to the precipitation of epileptic seizures,” should read: “We conclude that the anomalous expression of both Cl⁻ transporters, NKCC1 and KCC2, in TLE hippocampal subiculum probably causes altered Cl⁻ transport in the ‘epileptic’ neurons, as revealed in the microtransplanted Xenopus oocytes, and renders GABA aberrantly ‘exciting,’ a feature that may contribute to the precipitation of epileptic seizures.” This error does not affect the conclusions of the article.