Muons penetrate much further than X-rays, they do essentially zero damage, and they are provided for free by the cosmos.
Image credit: Science Source/Digital Globe.
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Contributed by Michael I. Posner, August 16, 2007 (received for review July 26, 2007)
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that months to years of intensive and systematic meditation training can improve attention. However, the lengthy training required has made it difficult to use random assignment of participants to conditions to confirm these findings. This article shows that a group randomly assigned to 5 days of meditation practice with the integrative body–mind training method shows significantly better attention and control of stress than a similarly chosen control group given relaxation training. The training method comes from traditional Chinese medicine and incorporates aspects of other meditation and mindfulness training. Compared with the control group, the experimental group of 40 undergraduate Chinese students given 5 days of 20-min integrative training showed greater improvement in conflict scores on the Attention Network Test, lower anxiety, depression, anger, and fatigue, and higher vigor on the Profile of Mood States scale, a significant decrease in stress-related cortisol, and an increase in immunoreactivity. These results provide a convenient method for studying the influence of meditation training by using experimental and control methods similar to those used to test drugs or other interventions.
Footnotes
- ¶To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: yiyuan{at}uoregon.edu or mposner{at}uoregon.edu
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Author contributions: J.W. and Y.F. contributed equally to this work; Y.-Y.T., M.F., and M.I.P. designed research; Y.-Y.T., Y.M., J.W., Y.F., S.F., Q.L., Q.Y., and D.S. performed research; Y.-Y.T., Y.M., J.W., Y.F., S.F., Q.L., and Q.Y. analyzed data; and Y.-Y.T., M.K.R., and M.I.P. wrote the paper.
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The authors declare no conflict of interest.
- Abbreviations:
- IBMT,
- integrative body–mind training;
- ANT,
- Attention Network Test;
- POMS,
- Profile of Mood States;
- sIgA,
- secretory IgA.
- © 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA
Short-term meditation training improves attention and self-regulation
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