Peptoids that mimic the structure, function, and mechanism of helical antimicrobial peptides

Departments of *Chemical and Biological Engineering and
^‡Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208;
^¶Biological Nanostructures Facility, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720; and
^§Division of Physics, Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3101 South Dearborn Street, Chicago, IL 60616

Edited by Lewis T. Williams, Five Prime Therapeutics, Emeryville, CA, and approved December 18, 2007 (received for review August 31, 2007)

Footnotes

^‖To whom correspondence should be sent at the present address:
Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, W300B James H. Clark Center, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305.
E-mail: aebarron{at}stanford.edu
Author contributions: N.P.C. and J.A.P contributed equally to this work; N.P.C., J.A.P., D.G., R.N.Z., and A.E.B. designed research; N.P.C., J.A.P., A.M.C., M.T.D., and D.G. performed research; D.G. and R.N.Z. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; N.P.C., J.A.P., A.M.C., M.T.D., A.I., and D.G. analyzed data; and N.P.C., J.A.P., A.M.C., M.T.D., and A.E.B. wrote the paper.
↵ ^†Present address: Wyeth Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, NY 10965.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
This article is a PNAS Direct Submission.
This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/0708254105/DC1.

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	Abstract	Full	Pdf
Feb 2008	617	126	429
Mar 2008	639	226	335
Apr 2008	136	103	141
May 2008	69	94	116
Jun 2008	96	46	74
Jul 2008	241	34	86
Aug 2008	203	36	81
Sep 2008	207	41	75
Oct 2008	197	41	109
Nov 2008	141	39	66
Dec 2008	152	23	70
Total 2008	2698	809	1582
Jan 2009	143	36	74
Feb 2009	135	27	59
Mar 2009	105	67	66
Apr 2009	120	51	80
May 2009	89	32	47
Jun 2009	81	37	37
Jul 2009	75	23	44
Aug 2009	69	23	40
Sep 2009	84	34	46
Oct 2009	73	47	66
Nov 2009	90	41	41
Dec 2009	75	50	70
Total 2009	1139	468	670
Jan 2010	90	72	69
Feb 2010	71	65	60
Mar 2010	119	40	54
Apr 2010	98	57	52
May 2010	90	65	51
Jun 2010	51	33	34
Jul 2010	60	47	44
Aug 2010	59	55	39
Sep 2010	70	51	38
Oct 2010	90	57	64
Nov 2010	86	67	45
Dec 2010	52	49	42
Total 2010	936	658	592
Jan 2011	67	48	34
Feb 2011	51	45	32
Mar 2011	65	53	39
Apr 2011	69	54	51
May 2011	56	49	45
Jun 2011	56	37	40
Jul 2011	81	22	37
Aug 2011	86	28	38
Sep 2011	115	54	40
Oct 2011	127	48	45
Nov 2011	101	39	29
Dec 2011	80	36	53
Total 2011	954	513	483
Jan 2012	72	26	38
Feb 2012	111	32	35
Mar 2012	102	40	30
Apr 2012	89	29	40
May 2012	88	28	29
Jun 2012	78	28	40
Jul 2012	93	34	49
Aug 2012	102	25	37
Sep 2012	76	21	38
Oct 2012	109	28	32
Nov 2012	143	32	30
Dec 2012	94	33	25
Total 2012	1157	356	423
Jan 2013	97	18	44
Feb 2013	106	38	48
Mar 2013	109	25	33
Apr 2013	118	18	40
May 2013	92	26	35
Jun 2013	99	21	28
Jul 2013	95	22	42
Aug 2013	87	24	39
Sep 2013	114	25	34
Oct 2013	142	41	43
Nov 2013	125	50	42
Dec 2013	62	70	56
Total 2013	1246	378	484
Jan 2014	91	49	34
Feb 2014	83	23	30
Mar 2014	124	49	46
Apr 2014	126	32	58
May 2014	120	39	44
Jun 2014	101	87	44
Jul 2014	100	48	30
Aug 2014	82	25	30
Sep 2014	125	41	38
Oct 2014	122	44	43
Nov 2014	105	55	46
Dec 2014	155	34	39
Total 2014	1334	526	482
Jan 2015	179	29	31
Feb 2015	290	32	41
Mar 2015	163	38	30
Apr 2015	128	31	33
May 2015	135	37	54
Jun 2015	140	43	40
Jul 2015	95	36	30
Aug 2015	80	35	33
Sep 2015	97	38	37
Oct 2015	142	43	41
Nov 2015	92	26	43
Dec 2015	58	31	35
Total 2015	1599	419	448
Jan 2016	101	44	33
Feb 2016	93	56	37
Mar 2016	78	31	44
Apr 2016	87	44	42
May 2016	47	38	33
Jun 2016	58	23	31
Jul 2016	65	29	31
Aug 2016	74	39	33
Sep 2016	72	41	36
Oct 2016	80	38	42
Nov 2016	90	44	55
Dec 2016	68	49	41
Total 2016	913	476	458
Jan 2017	77	50	28
Feb 2017	67	33	37
Mar 2017	72	38	38
Apr 2017	74	24	23
May 2017	67	35	41
Jun 2017	70	48	27
Jul 2017	42	40	20
Aug 2017	52	38	24
Sep 2017	70	50	22
Oct 2017	61	36	30
Nov 2017	90	45	32
Dec 2017	58	25	28
Total 2017	800	462	350
Jan 2018	54	29	39
Feb 2018	56	64	37
Mar 2018	98	79	64
Apr 2018	103	92	32
May 2018	92	95	47
Jun 2018	98	85	35
Jul 2018	75	62	30
Aug 2018	89	82	33
Sep 2018	78	66	31
Oct 2018	20	71	30
Nov 2018	13	85	40
Dec 2018	17	55	33
Total 2018	793	865	451
Jan 2019	10	61	38
Feb 2019	17	49	39
Mar 2019	20	80	32
Apr 2019	12	90	47
May 2019	25	80	40
Jun 2019	12	80	18
Jul 2019	10	81	36
Aug 2019	17	74	36
Sep 2019	9	78	45
Oct 2019	17	96	62
Nov 2019	12	91	47
Dec 2019	10	83	32
Total 2019	171	943	472
Jan 2020	16	82	45
Feb 2020	14	72	33
Mar 2020	16	111	44
Apr 2020	27	129	73
May 2020	20	94	51
Jun 2020	5	77	31
Jul 2020	55	67	44
Aug 2020	12	62	27
Sep 2020	15	102	37
Oct 2020	14	96	44
Nov 2020	29	128	65
Dec 2020	21	102	56
Total 2020	244	1122	550
Jan 2021	20	92	50
Feb 2021	11	109	51
Mar 2021	16	89	51
Apr 2021	8	50	22
Total 2021	55	340	174
Total	14039	8335	7619