Table of Contents

Biological Sciences

• Anthropology

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    Elucidating geological and biological processes underlying the diversification of Sulawesi tarsiers

    Stefan Merker, Christine Driller, Dyah Perwitasari-Farajallah, Joko Pamungkas, and Hans Zischler

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8459-8464; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900319106

• Applied Biological Sciences

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    Densovirus induces winged morphs in asexual clones of the rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea

    Eugene V. Ryabov, Gary Keane, Neil Naish, Carol Evered, and Doreen Winstanley

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8465-8470; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0901389106

• Biochemistry

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    Solution conformation of wild-type E. coli Hsp70 (DnaK) chaperone complexed with ADP and substrate

    Eric B. Bertelsen, Lyra Chang, Jason E. Gestwicki, and Erik R. P. Zuiderweg

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8471-8476; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903503106
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    Synthesis of orthogonal transcription-translation networks

    Wenlin An and Jason W. Chin

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8477-8482; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900267106
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    The tail binds to the head–neck domain, inhibiting ATPase activity of myosin VIIA

    Nobuhisa Umeki, Hyun Suk Jung, Shinya Watanabe, Tsuyoshi Sakai, Xiang-dong Li, Reiko Ikebe, Roger Craig, and Mitsuo Ikebe

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8483-8488; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812930106
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    Unique protein architecture of alanyl-tRNA synthetase for aminoacylation, editing, and dimerization

    Masahiro Naganuma, Shun-ichi Sekine, Ryuya Fukunaga, and Shigeyuki Yokoyama

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8489-8494; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0901572106
  • Open Access

    A possible mechanism for exonuclease 1-independent eukaryotic mismatch repair

    Farid A. Kadyrov, Jochen Genschel, Yanan Fang, Elisabeth Penland, Winfried Edelmann, and Paul Modrich

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8495-8500; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903654106
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    The Drosophila DPP signal is produced by cleavage of its proprotein at evolutionary diversified furin-recognition sites

    Jaana Künnapuu, Ida Björkgren, and Osamu Shimmi

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8501-8506; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0809885106
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    Structure of bacteriophage SPP1 head-to-tail connection reveals mechanism for viral DNA gating

    • From the Cover

    Sophie Lhuillier, Matthieu Gallopin, Bernard Gilquin, Sandrine Brasilès, Nathalie Lancelot, Guillaume Letellier, Mathilde Gilles, Guillaume Dethan, Elena V. Orlova, Joël Couprie, Paulo Tavares, and Sophie Zinn-Justin

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8507-8512; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812407106

    See companion article:

    • In This Issue

      - May 26, 2009
    • A virus DNA gate: Zipping and unzipping the packed viral genome

      - May 26, 2009
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    A tumor suppressive coactivator complex of p53 containing ASC-2 and histone H3-lysine-4 methyltransferase MLL3 or its paralogue MLL4

    Jeongkyung Lee, Dae-Hwan Kim, Seunghee Lee, Qi-Heng Yang, Dong Kee Lee, Soo-Kyung Lee, Robert G. Roeder, and Jae W. Lee

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8513-8518; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902873106

• Biophysics and Computational Biology

  • Open Access

    Automated high-dimensional flow cytometric data analysis

    Saumyadipta Pyne, Xinli Hu, Kui Wang, Elizabeth Rossin, Tsung-I Lin, Lisa M. Maier, Clare Baecher-Allan, Geoffrey J. McLachlan, Pablo Tamayo, David A. Hafler, Philip L. De Jager, and Jill P. Mesirov

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8519-8524; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903028106
  • Open Access

    Alternating syn-anti bacteriochlorophylls form concentric helical nanotubes in chlorosomes

    Swapna Ganapathy, Gert T. Oostergetel, Piotr K. Wawrzyniak, Michael Reus, Aline Gomez Maqueo Chew, Francesco Buda, Egbert J. Boekema, Donald A. Bryant, Alfred R. Holzwarth, and Huub J. M. de Groot

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8525-8530; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903534106
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    Geometric considerations in virus capsid size specificity, auxiliary requirements, and buckling

    Ranjan V. Mannige and Charles L. Brooks III

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8531-8536; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811517106
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    Electron transfer in the Rhodobacter sphaeroides reaction center assembled with zinc bacteriochlorophyll

    Su Lin, Paul R. Jaschke, Haiyu Wang, Mark Paddock, Aaron Tufts, James P. Allen, Federico I. Rosell, A. Grant Mauk, Neal W. Woodbury, and J. Thomas Beatty

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8537-8542; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812719106
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    Elucidation of a pH-folding switch in the Pseudomonas syringae effector protein AvrPto

    Jennifer E. Dawson, Jolita Šečkutė, Soumya De, Samuel A. Schueler, Aaron B. Oswald, and Linda K. Nicholson

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8543-8548; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0809138106
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    Menaquinone as pool quinone in a purple bacterium

    Barbara Schoepp-Cothenet, Clément Lieutaud, Frauke Baymann, André Verméglio, Thorsten Friedrich, David M. Kramer, and Wolfgang Nitschke

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8549-8554; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0813173106
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    Conserved waters mediate structural and functional activation of family A (rhodopsin-like) G protein-coupled receptors

    Thomas E. Angel, Mark R. Chance, and Krzysztof Palczewski

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8555-8560; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903545106
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    Role of dimerization and substrate exclusion in the regulation of bone morphogenetic protein-1 and mammalian tolloid

    Richard Berry, Thomas A. Jowitt, Johanna Ferrand, Manfred Roessle, J. Günter Grossmann, Elizabeth G. Canty-Laird, Richard A. Kammerer, Karl E. Kadler, and Clair Baldock

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8561-8566; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812178106
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    Location of chloride and its possible functions in oxygen-evolving photosystem II revealed by X-ray crystallography

    Keisuke Kawakami, Yasufumi Umena, Nobuo Kamiya, and Jian-Ren Shen

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8567-8572; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812797106

• Developmental Biology

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    Thalidomide induces limb defects by preventing angiogenic outgrowth during early limb formation

    Christina Therapontos, Lynda Erskine, Erin R. Gardner, William D. Figg, and Neil Vargesson

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8573-8578; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0901505106

    See companion article:

    • In This Issue

      - May 26, 2009
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    Scribble participates in Hippo signaling and is required for normal zebrafish pronephros development

    Kassiani Skouloudaki, Michael Puetz, Matias Simons, Jean-Remy Courbard, Christopher Boehlke, Björn Hartleben, Christina Engel, Marcus J. Moeller, Christoph Englert, Frank Bollig, Tobias Schäfer, Haribaskar Ramachandran, Marek Mlodzik, Tobias B. Huber, E. Wolfgang Kuehn, Emily Kim, Albrecht Kramer-Zucker, and Gerd Walz

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8579-8584; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811691106
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    A distinct role for secreted fibroblast growth factor-binding proteins in development

    Krissa A. Gibby, Kevin McDonnell, Marcel O. Schmidt, and Anton Wellstein

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8585-8590; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0810952106

• Evolution

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    Characterization of arrangement and expression of the T cell receptor γ locus in the sandbar shark

    Hao Chen, Sarika Kshirsagar, Ingvill Jensen, Kevin Lau, Roman Covarrubias, Samuel F. Schluter, and John J. Marchalonis

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8591-8596; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811283106
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    Evolution of cooperation by phenotypic similarity

    • From the Cover

    Tibor Antal, Hisashi Ohtsuki, John Wakeley, Peter D. Taylor, and Martin A. Nowak

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8597-8600; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902528106

    See companion article:

    • Sympathy and similarity: The evolutionary dynamics of cooperation

      - May 26, 2009
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    Evolutionary dynamics in set structured populations

    Corina E. Tarnita, Tibor Antal, Hisashi Ohtsuki, and Martin A. Nowak

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8601-8604; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903019106
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    Biogeography of the Sulfolobus islandicus pan-genome

    Michael L. Reno, Nicole L. Held, Christopher J. Fields, Patricia V. Burke, and Rachel J. Whitaker

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8605-8610; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0808945106

• Genetics

  • Open Access

    Analysis of genomic diversity in Mexican Mestizo populations to develop genomic medicine in Mexico

    Irma Silva-Zolezzi, Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda, Jesus Estrada-Gil, Juan Carlos Fernandez-Lopez, Laura Uribe-Figueroa, Alejandra Contreras, Eros Balam-Ortiz, Laura del Bosque-Plata, David Velazquez-Fernandez, Cesar Lara, Rodrigo Goya, Enrique Hernandez-Lemus, Carlos Davila, Eduardo Barrientos, Santiago March, and Gerardo Jimenez-Sanchez

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8611-8616; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903045106
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    Autoregulation of antibiotic biosynthesis by binding of the end product to an atypical response regulator

    Linqi Wang, Xiuyun Tian, Juan Wang, Haihua Yang, Keqiang Fan, Gangming Xu, Keqian Yang, and Huarong Tan

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8617-8622; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900592106

• Immunology

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    High antigen levels are the cause of T cell exhaustion during chronic viral infection

    Scott N. Mueller and Rafi Ahmed

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8623-8628; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0809818106
  • Open Access

    V-region mutation in vitro, in vivo, and in silico reveal the importance of the enzymatic properties of AID and the sequence environment

    Thomas MacCarthy, Susan L. Kalis, Sergio Roa, Phuong Pham, Myron F. Goodman, Matthew D. Scharff, and Aviv Bergman

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8629-8634; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903803106
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    Human memory FOXP3⁺ Tregs secrete IL-17 ex vivo and constitutively express the T_H17 lineage-specific transcription factor RORγt

    Maha Ayyoub, Florence Deknuydt, Isabelle Raimbaud, Christelle Dousset, Lucie Leveque, Gilles Bioley, and Danila Valmori

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8635-8640; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900621106
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    Intrathymic proliferation wave essential for Vα14⁺ natural killer T cell development depends on c-Myc

    Marei Dose, Barry P. Sleckman, Jin Han, Andrea L. Bredemeyer, Albert Bendelac, and Fotini Gounari

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8641-8646; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812255106
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    Abortive activation of CD4 T cell responses during competitive priming in vivo

    Jason M. Weaver, Francisco A. Chaves, and Andrea J. Sant

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8647-8652; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811584106
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    ERIS, an endoplasmic reticulum IFN stimulator, activates innate immune signaling through dimerization

    Wenxiang Sun, Yang Li, Lu Chen, Huihui Chen, Fuping You, Xiang Zhou, Yi Zhou, Zhonghe Zhai, Danying Chen, and Zhengfan Jiang

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8653-8658; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900850106

• Medical Sciences

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    Embryonic pig pancreatic tissue for the treatment of diabetes in a nonhuman primate model

    • From the Cover

    Gil Hecht, Smadar Eventov-Friedman, Chava Rosen, Elias Shezen, Dalit Tchorsh, Anna Aronovich, Enrique Freud, Hana Golan, Ronit El-Hasid, Helena Katchman, Bernhard J. Hering, Amnon Zung, Zipi Kra-Oz, Pninit Shaked-Mishan, Alex Yusim, Alex Shtabsky, Pavel Idelevitch, Ana Tobar, Alon Harmelin, Esther Bachar-Lustig, and Yair Reisner

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8659-8664; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812253106

    See companion article:

    • In This Issue

      - May 26, 2009
  • Open Access

    Antioxidants prevent health-promoting effects of physical exercise in humans

    Michael Ristow, Kim Zarse, Andreas Oberbach, Nora Klöting, Marc Birringer, Michael Kiehntopf, Michael Stumvoll, C. Ronald Kahn, and Matthias Blüher

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8665-8670; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903485106
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    Chromosomal instability determines taxane response

    Charles Swanton, Barbara Nicke, Marion Schuett, Aron C. Eklund, Charlotte Ng, Qiyuan Li, Thomas Hardcastle, Alvin Lee, Rajat Roy, Philip East, Maik Kschischo, David Endesfelder, Paul Wylie, Se Nyun Kim, Jie-Guang Chen, Michael Howell, Thomas Ried, Jens K. Habermann, Gert Auer, James D. Brenton, Zoltan Szallasi, and Julian Downward

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8671-8676; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811835106
  • Open Access

    Mig-6 modulates uterine steroid hormone responsiveness and exhibits altered expression in endometrial disease

    Jae-Wook Jeong, Hee Sun Lee, Kevin Y. Lee, Lisa D. White, Russell R. Broaddus, Yu-Wen Zhang, George F. Vande Woude, Linda C. Giudice, Steven L. Young, Bruce A. Lessey, Sophia Y. Tsai, John P. Lydon, and Francesco J. DeMayo

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8677-8682; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903632106
  • Open Access

    Antitumorigenesis of antioxidants in a transgenic Rac1 model of Kaposi's sarcoma

    Qi Ma, Lucas E. Cavallin, Bin Yan, Shoukang Zhu, Elda Margarita Duran, Huili Wang, Laura P. Hale, Chunming Dong, Ethel Cesarman, Enrique A. Mesri, and Pascal J. Goldschmidt-Clermont

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8683-8688; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812688106
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    PDK1 coordinates survival pathways and β-adrenergic response in the heart

    Kaoru Ito, Hiroshi Akazawa, Masaji Tamagawa, Kensuke Furukawa, Wataru Ogawa, Noritaka Yasuda, Yoko Kudo, Chien-hui Liao, Rie Yamamoto, Toshiaki Sato, Jeffery D. Molkentin, Masato Kasuga, Tetsuo Noda, Haruaki Nakaya, and Issei Komuro

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8689-8694; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900064106
  • Open Access

    RNAi screen for rapid therapeutic target identification in leukemia patients

    Jeffrey W. Tyner, Michael W. Deininger, Marc M. Loriaux, Bill H. Chang, Jason R. Gotlib, Stephanie G. Willis, Heidi Erickson, Tibor Kovacsovics, Thomas O'Hare, Michael C. Heinrich, and Brian J. Druker

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8695-8700; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903233106

• Microbiology

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    Differential neutralization efficiency of hemagglutinin epitopes, antibody interference, and the design of influenza vaccines

    Wilfred Ndifon, Ned S. Wingreen, and Simon A. Levin

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8701-8706; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903427106
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    Alphaherpesvirus US3-mediated reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is mediated by group A p21-activated kinases

    Céline Van den Broeke, Maria Radu, Matthias Deruelle, Hans Nauwynck, Clemens Hofmann, Zahara M. Jaffer, Jonathan Chernoff, and Herman W. Favoreel

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8707-8712; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900436106
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    A precise reconstruction of the emergence and constrained radiations of Escherichia coli O157 portrayed by backbone concatenomic analysis

    Shana R. Leopold, Vincent Magrini, Nicholas J. Holt, Nurmohammad Shaikh, Elaine R. Mardis, Joseph Cagno, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Atsushi Iguchi, Tetsuya Hayashi, Alexander Mellmann, Helge Karch, Thomas E. Besser, Stanley A. Sawyer, Thomas S. Whittam, and Phillip I. Tarr

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8713-8718; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812949106

• Neuroscience

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    Experience sampling during fMRI reveals default network and executive system contributions to mind wandering

    Kalina Christoff, Alan M. Gordon, Jonathan Smallwood, Rachelle Smith, and Jonathan W. Schooler

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8719-8724; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900234106
  • Open Access

    Suppressed Ca²⁺/CaM/CaMKII-dependent K_ATP channel activity in primary afferent neurons mediates hyperalgesia after axotomy

    Takashi Kawano, Vasiliki Zoga, Geza Gemes, J. Bruce McCallum, Hsiang-En Wu, Danijel Pravdic, Mei-Ying Liang, Wai-Meng Kwok, Quinn Hogan, and Constantine Sarantopoulos

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8725-8730; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0901815106
  • Open Access

    Synaptic activation modifies microtubules underlying transport of postsynaptic cargo

    Christoph Maas, Dorthe Belgardt, Han Kyu Lee, Frank F. Heisler, Corinna Lappe-Siefke, Maria M. Magiera, Juliette van Dijk, Torben J. Hausrat, Carsten Janke, and Matthias Kneussel

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8731-8736; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812391106
  • Open Access

    Midbrain dopamine neurons reflect affiliation phenotypes in finches and are tightly coupled to courtship

    James L. Goodson, David Kabelik, Aubrey M. Kelly, Jacob Rinaldi, and James D. Klatt

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8737-8742; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811821106
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    Strengthening of lateral activation in adult rat visual cortex after retinal lesions captured with voltage-sensitive dye imaging in vivo

    Ganna Palagina, Ulf T. Eysel, and Dirk Jancke

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8743-8747; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0900068106
  • Open Access

    A rodent model for the study of invariant visual object recognition

    Davide Zoccolan, Nadja Oertelt, James J. DiCarlo, and David D. Cox

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8748-8753; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0811583106
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    Dopamine-induced proliferation of adult neural precursor cells in the mammalian subventricular zone is mediated through EGF

    Gráinne C. O'Keeffe, Pam Tyers, Dag Aarsland, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Roger A. Barker, and Maeve A. Caldwell

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8754-8759; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0803955106

• Pharmacology

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    Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of JNK ameliorates hypoxia-induced retinopathy through interference with VEGF expression

    Monica Guma, Jordi Rius, Karen X. Duong-Polk, Gabriel G. Haddad, James D. Lindsey, and Michael Karin

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8760-8765; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902659106

• Physiology

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    Neurotensin induces IL-6 secretion in mouse preadipocytes and adipose tissues during 2,4,6,-trinitrobenzensulphonic acid-induced colitis

    Hon-Wai Koon, You Sun Kim, Hua Xu, Aatish Kumar, Dezheng Zhao, Iordanes Karagiannides, Paul R. Dobner, and Charalabos Pothoulakis

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8766-8771; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903499106

• Plant Biology

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    Haplotype structure strongly affects recombination in a maize genetic interval polymorphic for Helitron and retrotransposon insertions

    • Inaugural Article

    Limei He and Hugo K. Dooner

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8410-8416; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902972106
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    Turning a plant tissue into a living cell froth through isotropic growth

    • From the Cover

    Francis Corson, Olivier Hamant, Steffen Bohn, Jan Traas, Arezki Boudaoud, and Yves Couder

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8453-8458; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0812493106

    See companion article:

    • In This Issue

      - May 26, 2009
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    Altered interactions within FY/AtCPSF complexes required for Arabidopsis FCA-mediated chromatin silencing

    David Manzano, Sebastian Marquardt, Alexandra M. E. Jones, Isabel Bäurle, Fuquan Liu, and Caroline Dean

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8772-8777; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0903444106
  • Open Access

    An inhibitory interaction between viral and cellular proteins underlies the resistance of tomato to nonadapted tobamoviruses

    Kazuhiro Ishibashi, Satoshi Naito, Tetsuo Meshi, and Masayuki Ishikawa

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8778-8783; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0809105106

• Psychology

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    Brain systems mediating semantic and syntactic processing in deaf native signers: Biological invariance and modality specificity

    Cheryl M. Capek, Giordana Grossi, Aaron J. Newman, Susan L. McBurney, David Corina, Brigitte Roeder, and Helen J. Neville

    PNAS May 26, 2009 106 (21) 8784-8789; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0809609106