Recent experiments and simulations are starting to answer some fundamental questions about how life came to be.
Image credit: Shutterstock/Radoslaw Lecyk.
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Contributed by Dennis V. Kent, November 30, 2009 (sent for review October 16, 2009)
Article Figures & SI
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Distribution of rift basins in eastern North America and Morocco and the distribution of the CAMP flood basalt, modified from ref. 19. Dotted lines represent major strike slip fault zones. Detail areas (Inset A and B) are discussed in the text.
- Fig. 2.
Schematic profile of multiple flow units and core photographs from the Orange Mountain basalt, modified from ref. 28. Flow-top boundary zones show considerable vesicular and rubbly pore space as compared to the dense, low-porosity flow interior. Scales are presented in original measurement units (i.e., core depth in feet).
- Fig. 3.
Photograph of the highly fractured Preakness basalt in the Newark Basin. Photograph courtesy of author (PEO).
- Fig. 4.
Geophysical log profiles through lower, middle, and upper flows of the Orange Mountain basalt. Density and porosity profiles indicate an increase from ≈10% to 20% porosity over the 15-m (50-ft) thick flow-top boundary zone, which amounts to ≈2.25 × 106 m3 open pore volume per km2. Scales are presented in original measurements units (i.e., log depth in feet and hole diameter in inches).
- Fig. 5.
Potential onshore and offshore sites for pilot drilling studies in CAMP basalt along eastern US coastal regions. Black squares indicate initial study areas. Maps refer to inset box locations in Fig. 1. (A) Sites located in buried Mesozoic rift basins on the Long Island platform (shaded), modified from ref. 33 and nearby onshore basins (cross-hatched): a, Newark basin; b, Hartford basin; c, Sandy Hook basin; d–e, New York Bight basin; f, Nantucket basin; g–h, Atlantis basin. (B) Sites located across the extent of buried basalt (hachured) in the South Georgia Rift basin (shaded), modified from ref. 38: i, location proximal to Clubhouse Crossroads basalt cores; j–k, sites more proximal to seaward-dipping reflectors.
Potential on-shore and off-shore reservoirs for CO2 sequestration in Central Atlantic magmatic province basalts
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