Table of Contents

Biological Sciences

• Agricultural Sciences

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    2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)–resistant crops and the potential for evolution of 2,4-D–resistant weeds

    John F. Egan, Bruce D. Maxwell, David A. Mortensen, Matthew R. Ryan, and Richard G. Smith

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) E37; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017414108
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    Reply to Egan et al.: Stewardship for herbicide-resistance crop technology

    Terry Wright, Guomin Shan, Terence Walsh, and Mark Peterson

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) E38; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1019670108
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    Climate change risks for African agriculture

    Christoph Müller, Wolfgang Cramer, William L. Hare, and Hermann Lotze-Campen

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4313-4315; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1015078108

• Biochemistry

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    Requirement for kinase-induced conformational change in eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) restricts phosphorylation of Ser51

    Madhusudan Dey, Algirdas Velyvis, John J. Li, Elaine Chiu, David Chiovitti, Lewis E. Kay, Frank Sicheri, and Thomas E. Dever

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4316-4321; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014872108
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    Correction for Koutmos et al., Structural basis for substrate activation and regulation by cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) domains in cystathionine β-synthase

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4512; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1102185108

• Biophysics and Computational Biology

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    Shape of tropoelastin, the highly extensible protein that controls human tissue elasticity

    Clair Baldock, Andres F. Oberhauser, Liang Ma, Donna Lammie, Veronique Siegler, Suzanne M. Mithieux, Yidong Tu, John Yuen Ho Chow, Farhana Suleman, Marc Malfois, Sarah Rogers, Liang Guo, Thomas C. Irving, Tim J. Wess, and Anthony S. Weiss

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4322-4327; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014280108
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    Design and control of acetylcholine receptor conformational change

    Snehal V. Jadey, Prasad Purohit, Iva Bruhova, Timothy M. Gregg, and Anthony Auerbach

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4328-4333; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1016617108
  • Open Access

    Active liquid-like behavior of nucleoli determines their size and shape in Xenopus laevis oocytes

    Clifford P. Brangwynne, Timothy J. Mitchison, and Anthony A. Hyman

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4334-4339; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017150108

• Cell Biology

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    A target for antiangiogenic therapy: Vascular endothelium derived from glioblastoma

    Adília Hormigo, Bi-Sen Ding, and Shahin Rafii

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4271-4272; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1019656108

    See companion article:

    • Transdifferentiation of glioblastoma cells into vascular endothelial cells

      - Jan 24, 2011
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    Transdifferentiation of glioblastoma cells into vascular endothelial cells

    • From the Cover

    Yasushi Soda, Tomotoshi Marumoto, Dinorah Friedmann-Morvinski, Mie Soda, Fei Liu, Hiroyuki Michiue, Sandra Pastorino, Meng Yang, Robert M. Hoffman, Santosh Kesari, and Inder M. Verma

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4274-4280; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1016030108

    See companion article:

    • A target for antiangiogenic therapy: Vascular endothelium derived from glioblastoma

      - Mar 07, 2011
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    Signaling by vitamin A and retinol-binding protein regulates gene expression to inhibit insulin responses

    Daniel C. Berry, Hui Jin, Avijit Majumdar, and Noa Noy

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4340-4345; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1011115108
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    Correction for Lissandron et al., Unique characteristics of Ca²⁺ homeostasis of the trans-Golgi compartment

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4512; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1102612108

• Developmental Biology

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    Strangers no more: Uterine NK cell recognition of the placenta in mice

    Adrian Erlebacher

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4267-4268; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1101509108

    See companion article:

    • Paternal MHC expression on mouse trophoblast affects uterine vascularization and fetal growth

      - Feb 07, 2011

• Ecology

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    Spatial effects on species persistence and implications for biodiversity

    Enrico Bertuzzo, Samir Suweis, Lorenzo Mari, Amos Maritan, Ignacio Rodríguez-Iturbe, and Andrea Rinaldo

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4346-4351; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017274108

• Environmental Sciences

  • Open Access

    Niche of harmful alga Aureococcus anophagefferens revealed through ecogenomics

    Christopher J. Gobler, Dianna L. Berry, Sonya T. Dyhrman, Steven W. Wilhelm, Asaf Salamov, Alexei V. Lobanov, Yan Zhang, Jackie L. Collier, Louie L. Wurch, Adam B. Kustka, Brian D. Dill, Manesh Shah, Nathan C. VerBerkmoes, Alan Kuo, Astrid Terry, Jasmyn Pangilinan, Erika A. Lindquist, Susan Lucas, Ian T. Paulsen, Theresa K. Hattenrath-Lehmann, Stephanie C. Talmage, Elyse A. Walker, Florian Koch, Amanda M. Burson, Maria Alejandra Marcoval, Ying-Zhong Tang, Gary R. LeCleir, Kathryn J. Coyne, Gry M. Berg, Erin M. Bertrand, Mak A. Saito, Vadim N. Gladyshev, and Igor V. Grigoriev

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4352-4357; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1016106108

• Genetics

  • Open Access

    The serine-threonine kinase LKB1 is essential for survival under energetic stress in zebrafish

    Yme U. van der Velden, Liqin Wang, John Zevenhoven, Ellen van Rooijen, Maarten van Lohuizen, Rachel H. Giles, Hans Clevers, and Anna-Pavlina G. Haramis

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4358-4363; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010210108
  • Open Access

    Transcriptionally repressed genes become aberrantly methylated and distinguish tumors of different lineages in breast cancer

    Duncan Sproul, Colm Nestor, Jayne Culley, Jacqueline H. Dickson, J. Michael Dixon, David J. Harrison, Richard R. Meehan, Andrew H. Sims, and Bernard H. Ramsahoye

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4364-4369; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1013224108

• Immunology

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    Predicting clonal self-renewal and extinction of hematopoietic stem cells

    Hans B. Sieburg, Betsy D. Rezner, and Christa E. Muller-Sieburg

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4370-4375; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1011414108
  • Open Access

    Butyrophilin-like 1 encodes an enterocyte protein that selectively regulates functional interactions with T lymphocytes

    Anna Bas, Mahima Swamy, Lucie Abeler-Dörner, Gareth Williams, Dick J. Pang, Susannah D. Barbee, and Adrian C. Hayday

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4376-4381; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1010647108

• Medical Sciences

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    Hypoxia and lineage specification of cell line-derived colorectal cancer stem cells

    Trevor M. Yeung, Shaan C. Gandhi, and Walter F. Bodmer

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4382-4387; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014519107
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    Transfer of IgG in the female genital tract by MHC class I-related neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) confers protective immunity to vaginal infection

    • From the Cover

    Zili Li, Senthilkumar Palaniyandi, Rongyu Zeng, Wenbin Tuo, Derry C. Roopenian, and Xiaoping Zhu

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4388-4393; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1012861108
  • Open Access

    Small molecule enoxacin is a cancer-specific growth inhibitor that acts by enhancing TAR RNA-binding protein 2-mediated microRNA processing

    Sonia Melo, Alberto Villanueva, Catia Moutinho, Veronica Davalos, Riccardo Spizzo, Cristina Ivan, Simona Rossi, Fernando Setien, Oriol Casanovas, Laia Simo-Riudalbas, Javier Carmona, Jordi Carrere, August Vidal, Alvaro Aytes, Sara Puertas, Santiago Ropero, Raghu Kalluri, Carlo M. Croce, George A. Calin, and Manel Esteller

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4394-4399; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014720108

• Microbiology

  • Open Access

    Synthetic ozonide drug candidate OZ439 offers new hope for a single-dose cure of uncomplicated malaria

    Susan A. Charman, Sarah Arbe-Barnes, Ian C. Bathurst, Reto Brun, Michael Campbell, William N. Charman, Francis C. K. Chiu, Jacques Chollet, J. Carl Craft, Darren J. Creek, Yuxiang Dong, Hugues Matile, Melanie Maurer, Julia Morizzi, Tien Nguyen, Petros Papastogiannidis, Christian Scheurer, David M. Shackleford, Kamaraj Sriraghavan, Lukas Stingelin, Yuanqing Tang, Heinrich Urwyler, Xiaofang Wang, Karen L. White, Sergio Wittlin, Lin Zhou, and Jonathan L. Vennerstrom

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4400-4405; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1015762108
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    Soil rotifer communities are extremely diverse globally but spatially autocorrelated locally

    Michael S. Robeson, Andrew J. King, Kristen R. Freeman, C. William Birky Jr, Andrew P. Martin, and Steven K. Schmidt

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4406-4410; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1012678108
  • Open Access

    Asparagine repeat function in a Plasmodium falciparum protein assessed via a regulatable fluorescent affinity tag

    Vasant Muralidharan, Anna Oksman, Mari Iwamoto, Thomas J. Wandless, and Daniel E. Goldberg

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4411-4416; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1018449108
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    E1- and ubiquitin-like proteins provide a direct link between protein conjugation and sulfur transfer in archaea

    Hugo V. Miranda, Nikita Nembhard, Dan Su, Nathaniel Hepowit, David J. Krause, Jonathan R. Pritz, Cortlin Phillips, Dieter Söll, and Julie A. Maupin-Furlow

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4417-4422; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1018151108
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    Correction for Morowitz et al., Strain-resolved community genomic analysis of gut microbial colonization in a premature infant

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4512; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1102689108

• Neuroscience

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    Role of the hippocampus in imagination and future thinking

    Eleanor A. Maguire and Demis Hassabis

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) E39; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1018876108
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    Reply to Maguire and Hassabis: Autobiographical memory and future imagining

    Larry R. Squire, Susan G. McDuff, and Jennifer C. Frascino

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) E40; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1019643108
  • Open Access

    Reassessing optimal neural population codes with neurometric functions

    Philipp Berens, Alexander S. Ecker, Sebastian Gerwinn, Andreas S. Tolias, and Matthias Bethge

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4423-4428; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1015904108
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    Language processing in the occipital cortex of congenitally blind adults

    Marina Bedny, Alvaro Pascual-Leone, David Dodell-Feder, Evelina Fedorenko, and Rebecca Saxe

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4429-4434; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1014818108
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    Functional specialization for auditory–spatial processing in the occipital cortex of congenitally blind humans

    Olivier Collignon, Gilles Vandewalle, Patrice Voss, Geneviève Albouy, Geneviève Charbonneau, Maryse Lassonde, and Franco Lepore

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4435-4440; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1013928108
  • Open Access

    A neurodegenerative disease mutation that accelerates the clearance of apoptotic cells

    Aimee W. Kao, Robin J. Eisenhut, Lauren Herl Martens, Ayumi Nakamura, Anne Huang, Josh A. Bagley, Ping Zhou, Alberto de Luis, Lukas J. Neukomm, Juan Cabello, Robert V. Farese Jr., and Cynthia Kenyon

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4441-4446; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1100650108
  • Open Access

    Deficiency of Dgcr8, a gene disrupted by the 22q11.2 microdeletion, results in altered short-term plasticity in the prefrontal cortex

    Karine Fénelon, Jun Mukai, Bin Xu, Pei-Ken Hsu, Liam J. Drew, Maria Karayiorgou, Gerald D. Fischbach, Amy B. MacDermott, and Joseph A. Gogos

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4447-4452; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1101219108
  • Open Access

    Hedgehog-responsive candidate cell of origin for diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma

    Michelle Monje, Siddhartha S. Mitra, Morgan E. Freret, Tal B. Raveh, James Kim, Marilyn Masek, Joanne L. Attema, Gordon Li, Terri Haddix, Michael S. B. Edwards, Paul G. Fisher, Irving L. Weissman, David H. Rowitch, Hannes Vogel, Albert J. Wong, and Philip A. Beachy

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4453-4458; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1101657108
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    Extrasynaptic δ-containing GABA_A receptors in the nucleus accumbens dorsomedial shell contribute to alcohol intake

    • From the Cover

    Hong Nie, Mridula Rewal, T. Michael Gill, Dorit Ron, and Patricia H. Janak

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4459-4464; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1016156108

    See companion article:

    • Extrasynaptic GABA_A receptors in the nucleus accumbens are necessary for alcohol drinking

      - Mar 09, 2011
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    Binge alcohol drinking is associated with GABA_A α2-regulated Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in the central amygdala

    Juan Liu, Andrew R. Yang, Timothy Kelly, Adam Puche, Chioma Esoga, Harry L. June Jr., Ahmed Elnabawi, Istvan Merchenthaler, Werner Sieghart, Harry L. June Sr., and Laure Aurelian

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4465-4470; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1019020108
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    Orexin receptor 2 expression in the posterior hypothalamus rescues sleepiness in narcoleptic mice

    Takatoshi Mochizuki, Elda Arrigoni, Jacob N. Marcus, Erika L. Clark, Mihoko Yamamoto, Michael Honer, Edilio Borroni, Bradford B. Lowell, Joel K. Elmquist, and Thomas E. Scammell

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4471-4476; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1012456108
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    Synaptic neuropeptide release induced by octopamine without Ca²⁺ entry into the nerve terminal

    Dinara Shakiryanova, Geoffrey M. Zettel, Tingting Gu, Randall S. Hewes, and Edwin S. Levitan

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4477-4481; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017837108
  • Open Access

    Sonic hedgehog signaling is decoded by calcium spike activity in the developing spinal cord

    Yesser H. Belgacem and Laura N. Borodinsky

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4482-4487; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1018217108

• Plant Biology

  • Open Access

    Analysis of natural allelic variation in Arabidopsis using a multiparent recombinant inbred line population

    Xueqing Huang, Maria-João Paulo, Martin Boer, Sigi Effgen, Paul Keizer, Maarten Koornneef, and Fred A. van Eeuwijk

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4488-4493; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1100465108

• Population Biology

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    Cryptic planktonic diatom challenges phytoplankton ecologists

    Theodore J. Smayda

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4269-4270; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1100997108

    See companion article:

    • Hundred years of genetic structure in a sediment revived diatom population

      - Jan 31, 2011
  • Open Access

    Neisseria meningitidis is structured in clades associated with restriction modification systems that modulate homologous recombination

    Sonia Budroni, Emilio Siena, Julie C. Dunning Hotopp, Kate L. Seib, Davide Serruto, Chiara Nofroni, Maurizio Comanducci, David R. Riley, Sean C. Daugherty, Samuel V. Angiuoli, Antonello Covacci, Mariagrazia Pizza, Rino Rappuoli, E. Richard Moxon, Hervé Tettelin, and Duccio Medini

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4494-4499; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1019751108

• Psychological and Cognitive Sciences

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    Distinct neural signatures of threat learning in adolescents and adults

    Jennifer Y. Lau, Jennifer C. Britton, Eric E. Nelson, Adrian Angold, Monique Ernst, Michelle Goldwin, Christian Grillon, Ellen Leibenluft, Shmuel Lissek, Maxine Norcross, Nina Shiffrin, and Daniel S. Pine

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4500-4505; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1005494108
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    Subjective and objective learning effects dissociate in space and in time

    Caspar M. Schwiedrzik, Wolf Singer, and Lucia Melloni

    PNAS March 15, 2011 108 (11) 4506-4511; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1009147108