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Research Article

Estimating the reproductive numbers for the 2008–2009 cholera outbreaks in Zimbabwe

Zindoga Mukandavire, Shu Liao, Jin Wang, Holly Gaff, David L. Smith, and J. Glenn Morris Jr.
PNAS May 24, 2011 108 (21) 8767-8772; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1019712108
Zindoga Mukandavire
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Shu Liao
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Jin Wang
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Holly Gaff
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David L. Smith
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J. Glenn Morris Jr.
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  • For correspondence: jgmorris@epi.ufl.edu
  1. Edited* by G. Balakrish Nair, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India, and approved March 25, 2011 (received for review January 4, 2011)

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Article Information

vol. 108 no. 21 8767-8772
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1019712108
PubMed: 
21518855

Published By: 
National Academy of Sciences
Print ISSN: 
0027-8424
Online ISSN: 
1091-6490
History: 
  • Published in issue May 24, 2011.
  • Published first April 25, 2011.

Copyright & Usage: 
Freely available online through the PNAS open access option.

Author Information

  1. Zindoga Mukandavirea,
  2. Shu Liaob,
  3. Jin Wangc,
  4. Holly Gaffd,
  5. David L. Smitha, and
  6. J. Glenn Morris, Jr.a,1
  1. aEmerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610;
  2. bSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China; and
  3. Departments of cMathematics and Statistics and
  4. dBiological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529
  1. Edited* by G. Balakrish Nair, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India, and approved March 25, 2011 (received for review January 4, 2011)

Footnotes

  • ↵1To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jgmorris{at}epi.ufl.edu.
  • Author contributions: Z.M., D.L.S., and J.G.M. designed research; Z.M., S.L., and J.W. performed research; Z.M., S.L., J.W., H.G., and D.L.S. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; Z.M., S.L., J.W., and H.G. analyzed data; and Z.M., D.L.S., and J.G.M. wrote the paper.

  • The authors declare no conflict of interest.

  • See Commentary on page 8529.

  • ↵*This Direct Submission article had a prearranged editor.

  • This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.1019712108/-/DCSupplemental.

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Article usage

Article usage: April 2011 to January 2021

AbstractFullPdf
Apr 20111651068
May 2011547281319
Jun 2011116655184
Jul 201128516104
Aug 201120621112
Sep 20111781980
Oct 201120543127
Nov 20111612770
Dec 20111151452
Total 201194392761116
Jan 2012901861
Feb 20121372562
Mar 20121243449
Apr 20121432860
May 20121172844
Jun 2012722332
Jul 2012882234
Aug 2012691246
Sep 2012804748
Oct 20121193956
Nov 20121023136
Dec 2012773318
Total 20121218340546
Jan 20131183336
Feb 20131005151
Mar 2013953364
Apr 2013875365
May 2013916245
Jun 2013574023
Jul 2013552834
Aug 2013492427
Sep 2013573326
Oct 2013715330
Nov 20131004333
Dec 2013483250
Total 2013928485484
Jan 2014925021
Feb 2014705239
Mar 2014816032
Apr 2014904549
May 2014674458
Jun 2014503425
Jul 2014452043
Aug 2014644535
Sep 2014797747
Oct 20146111752
Nov 2014628533
Dec 2014656834
Total 2014826697468
Jan 2015566720
Feb 2015714835
Mar 2015593734
Apr 2015556528
May 2015455523
Jun 2015302316
Jul 2015361525
Aug 2015253022
Sep 2015844865
Oct 2015472623
Nov 2015623124
Dec 2015625026
Total 2015632495341
Jan 2016462934
Feb 2016272418
Mar 2016202733
Apr 2016171938
May 2016321926
Jun 2016403332
Jul 2016401414
Aug 2016493247
Sep 2016613652
Oct 2016703159
Nov 2016813864
Dec 2016551727
Total 2016538319444
Jan 2017721632
Feb 2017544441
Mar 2017462555
Apr 2017482833
May 2017732748
Jun 2017182924
Jul 20173944399
Aug 20175730123
Sep 2017564987
Oct 2017505457
Nov 2017541933
Dec 2017291219
Total 2017596377951
Jan 2018332947
Feb 20181229250
Mar 2018513728
Apr 2018478625
May 2018627023
Jun 2018433419
Jul 2018544035
Aug 2018371921
Sep 2018956161
Oct 2018418165
Nov 2018297448
Dec 2018204530
Total 2018634668452
Jan 2019453842
Feb 2019493441
Mar 2019462537
Apr 2019355053
May 2019284732
Jun 2019203734
Jul 2019143132
Aug 2019393161
Sep 2019263130
Oct 2019313442
Nov 2019374555
Dec 2019253829
Total 2019395441488
Jan 2020155727
Feb 2020164934
Mar 2020235458
Apr 2020334546
May 2020214743
Jun 2020122825
Jul 2020132411
Aug 2020133817
Sep 2020152628
Oct 2020346046
Nov 2020165846
Dec 2020204350
Total 2020231529431
Jan 2021101513
Total 2021101513
Total1544746425734
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Estimating the reproductive numbers for the 2008–2009 cholera outbreaks in Zimbabwe
Zindoga Mukandavire, Shu Liao, Jin Wang, Holly Gaff, David L. Smith, J. Glenn Morris
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences May 2011, 108 (21) 8767-8772; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1019712108

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Estimating the reproductive numbers for the 2008–2009 cholera outbreaks in Zimbabwe
Zindoga Mukandavire, Shu Liao, Jin Wang, Holly Gaff, David L. Smith, J. Glenn Morris
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences May 2011, 108 (21) 8767-8772; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1019712108
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