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Research Article

China’s bullet trains facilitate market integration and mitigate the cost of megacity growth

Siqi Zheng and Matthew E. Kahn
  1. aDepartment of Construction Management and Hang Lung Center for Real Estate, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China; and
  2. bInstitute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095

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PNAS April 2, 2013 110 (14) E1248-E1253; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1209247110
Siqi Zheng
aDepartment of Construction Management and Hang Lung Center for Real Estate, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China; and
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Matthew E. Kahn
bInstitute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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  • For correspondence: mkahn@ioe.ucla.edu
  1. Edited by Jose A. Scheinkman, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, and approved February 12, 2013 (received for review May 31, 2012)

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Abstract

Megacity growth in the developing world is fueled by a desire to access their large local labor markets. Growing megacities suffer from high levels of traffic congestion and pollution, which degrade local quality of life. Transportation technology that allows individuals to access the megacity without living within its boundaries offers potentially large social benefits, because individuals can enjoy the benefits of urban agglomeration while not paying megacity real estate rents and suffering from the city’s social costs. This paper presents evidence supporting the claim that China’s bullet trains are playing this role. The bullet train is regarded as one of the most significant technological breakthroughs in passenger transportation developed in the second half of the 20th century. Starting in 2007, China has introduced several new bullet trains that connect megacities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou with nearby cities. Through facilitating market integration, bullet trains will stimulate the development of second- and third-tier cities. By offering households and firms a larger menu of location alternatives, bullet trains help to protect the quality of life of the growing urban population. We document that this transport innovation is associated with rising real estate prices in the nearby secondary cities.

  • high-speed rail
  • urban growth

Footnotes

  • ↵1To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mkahn{at}ioe.ucla.edu.
  • Author contributions: S.Z. and M.E.K. designed research; S.Z. performed research; S.Z. and M.E.K. analyzed data; and S.Z. and M.E.K. wrote the paper.

  • The authors declare no conflict of interest.

  • See Author Summary on page 5288 (volume 110, number 14).

  • This article is a PNAS Direct Submission.

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China's bullet trains and urban growth
Siqi Zheng, Matthew E. Kahn
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Apr 2013, 110 (14) E1248-E1253; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1209247110

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China's bullet trains and urban growth
Siqi Zheng, Matthew E. Kahn
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Apr 2013, 110 (14) E1248-E1253; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1209247110
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 110 (14)
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    • Abstract
    • Economic Geography of China’s Bullet Trains
    • BTs Facilitate Cross-City Economic Integration
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