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Edited by A. R. Ravishankara, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory, Chemical Sciences Division, Boulder, CO, and approved May 7, 2013 (received for review December 19, 2012)
Article Figures & SI
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Typical expansion profile and ice cloud characteristics at low temperatures, with (solid lines) and without (dashed lines) filament action. The black and gray curves correspond to left and right vertical axes, respectively. (A) Chamber gas phase temperature and pressure. (B) Relative humidity with respect to ice and duration of laser operation. (C) Forward and backward light-scattering intensity. (D) Ice particle number concentration and ice particle size distribution given only for the case with laser action.
- Fig. 2.
Typical expansion profile and ice cloud characteristics at low temperatures and two periods of laser action. The black and gray curves correspond to the left and right vertical axes, respectively. (A) Chamber gas phase temperature and pressure. (B) Relative humidity with respect to ice and duration of laser operation. (C) Forward and backward light-scattering intensity. (D) Ice particle number concentration and ice particle size.
- Fig. 3.
Measured (black) and modeled (gray) expansion and ice cloud parameters. (A) Pressure, the model is driven with the experimental pressure trace. (B) Temperature. (C) Relative humidity with respect to ice. (D) Ice crystal number density. The period of laser plasma action is shaded gray.
- Fig. 4.
Schematic of the experimental setup of the Teramobile laser system at the AIDA aerosol and cloud chamber. The terawatt laser beam is generated in a container outside the AIDA hall and directed via transfer optics, a focusing lens (f = 4 m), and an entrance window (139-mm diameter, 9.8-mm thickness) across the AIDA vessel and across the air flux from its mixing fan. The beam exits at the opposite side through an exit window into a beam dump.
- Fig. 5.
The spatiotemporal profile of the relative humidity with respect to water around a laser-evaporated ice particle assuming pure diffusional mixing. Time t = 0 corresponds to a water vapor sphere from a spherical ice particle of an initial diameter of 15 µm. Isolines corresponding to RHw = 4 (gray) and RHw = 15 (black) are shown.
Laser plasma–cloud interaction
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