Generation and confirmation of a (100 × 100)-dimensional entangled quantum system

Mario Krenn, Marcus Huber, Robert Fickler, Radek Lapkiewicz, Sven Ramelow, and Anton Zeilinger
PNAS April 29, 2014 111 (17) 6243-6247; published ahead of print March 27, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1402365111

  1. Contributed by Anton Zeilinger, February 24, 2014 (sent for review December 15, 2013)

Significance

Quantum entanglement is one of the key features of quantum mechanics. Quantum systems are the basis of new paradigms in quantum computation, quantum cryptography, or quantum teleportation. By increasing the size of the entangled quantum system, a wider variety of fundamental tests as well as more realistic applications can be performed. The size of the entangled quantum state can increase with the number of particles or, as in the present paper, with the number of involved dimensions. We explore a quantum system that consists of two photons which are 100-dimensionally entangled. The dimensions investigated are the different spatial modes of photons. The result may have potential applications in quantum cryptography and other quantum information tasks.

Abstract

Entangled quantum systems have properties that have fundamentally overthrown the classical worldview. Increasing the complexity of entangled states by expanding their dimensionality allows the implementation of novel fundamental tests of nature, and moreover also enables genuinely new protocols for quantum information processing. Here we present the creation of a (100 × 100)-dimensional entangled quantum system, using spatial modes of photons. For its verification we develop a novel nonlinear criterion which infers entanglement dimensionality of a global state by using only information about its subspace correlations. This allows very practical experimental implementation as well as highly efficient extraction of entanglement dimensionality information. Applications in quantum cryptography and other protocols are very promising.

Footnotes

  • ↵1To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: anton.zeilinger{at}univie.ac.at or mario.krenn{at}univie.ac.at.

  • ↵2Present address: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.

  • Author contributions: M.K. and A.Z. designed research; M.K. and R.F. performed research; M.H. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; M.K., M.H., R.F., R.L., S.R., and A.Z. analyzed data; and M.K., M.H., R.F., R.L., S.R., and A.Z. wrote the paper.

  • The authors declare no conflict of interest.

  • See Commentary on page 6122.

  • This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.1402365111/-/DCSupplemental.

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(100 × 100)-dimensional entangled quantum system
Mario Krenn, Marcus Huber, Robert Fickler, Radek Lapkiewicz, Sven Ramelow, Anton Zeilinger
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Apr 2014, 111 (17) 6243-6247; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1402365111
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