Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current
    • Special Feature Articles - Most Recent
    • Special Features
    • Colloquia
    • Collected Articles
    • PNAS Classics
    • List of Issues
  • Front Matter
    • Front Matter Portal
    • Journal Club
  • News
    • For the Press
    • This Week In PNAS
    • PNAS in the News
  • Podcasts
  • Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Editorial and Journal Policies
    • Submission Procedures
    • Fees and Licenses
  • Submit
  • Submit
  • About
    • Editorial Board
    • PNAS Staff
    • FAQ
    • Accessibility Statement
    • Rights and Permissions
    • Site Map
  • Contact
  • Journal Club
  • Subscribe
    • Subscription Rates
    • Subscriptions FAQ
    • Open Access
    • Recommend PNAS to Your Librarian

User menu

  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Home
Home
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current
    • Special Feature Articles - Most Recent
    • Special Features
    • Colloquia
    • Collected Articles
    • PNAS Classics
    • List of Issues
  • Front Matter
    • Front Matter Portal
    • Journal Club
  • News
    • For the Press
    • This Week In PNAS
    • PNAS in the News
  • Podcasts
  • Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Editorial and Journal Policies
    • Submission Procedures
    • Fees and Licenses
  • Submit
Research Article

Beat synchronization predicts neural speech encoding and reading readiness in preschoolers

Kali Woodruff Carr, Travis White-Schwoch, Adam T. Tierney, Dana L. Strait, and Nina Kraus
  1. aAuditory Neuroscience Laboratory and
  2. Departments of bCommunication Sciences,
  3. cNeurobiology and Physiology, and
  4. dOtolaryngology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208

See allHide authors and affiliations

PNAS October 7, 2014 111 (40) 14559-14564; first published September 22, 2014; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406219111
Kali Woodruff Carr
aAuditory Neuroscience Laboratory and
Departments of bCommunication Sciences,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Travis White-Schwoch
aAuditory Neuroscience Laboratory and
Departments of bCommunication Sciences,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Adam T. Tierney
aAuditory Neuroscience Laboratory and
Departments of bCommunication Sciences,
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Dana L. Strait
aAuditory Neuroscience Laboratory and
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Nina Kraus
aAuditory Neuroscience Laboratory and
Departments of bCommunication Sciences,
cNeurobiology and Physiology, and
dOtolaryngology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: nkraus@northwestern.edu
  1. Edited* by Michael Merzenich, Brain Plasticity Institute, San Francisco, CA, and approved August 21, 2014 (received for review April 3, 2014)

  • Article
  • Figures & SI
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Online Impact

 

Article Information

vol. 111 no. 40 14559-14564
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406219111
PubMed: 
25246562

Published By: 
National Academy of Sciences
Print ISSN: 
0027-8424
Online ISSN: 
1091-6490
History: 
  • Published in issue October 7, 2014.
  • Published first September 22, 2014.


Author Information

  1. Kali Woodruff Carra,b,
  2. Travis White-Schwocha,b,
  3. Adam T. Tierneya,b,
  4. Dana L. Straita,1, and
  5. Nina Krausa,b,c,d,2
  1. aAuditory Neuroscience Laboratory and
  2. Departments of bCommunication Sciences,
  3. cNeurobiology and Physiology, and
  4. dOtolaryngology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208
  1. Edited* by Michael Merzenich, Brain Plasticity Institute, San Francisco, CA, and approved August 21, 2014 (received for review April 3, 2014)

Footnotes

  • ↵1Present address: Neural Systems Laboratory, Institute for Systems Research, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742.

  • ↵2To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: nkraus{at}northwestern.edu.
  • Author contributions: T.W.-S., D.L.S., and N.K. designed research; K.W.C. performed research; A.T.T. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; K.W.C. and T.W.-S. analyzed data; and K.W.C., T.W.-S., A.T.T., D.L.S., and N.K. wrote the paper.

  • The authors declare no conflict of interest.

  • ↵*This Direct Submission article had a prearranged editor.

  • This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.1406219111/-/DCSupplemental.

Cited By...

  • 83 Citations
  • 88 Citations
  • Google Scholar

This article has been cited by the following articles in journals that are participating in Crossref Cited-by Linking.

  • Music Training Increases Phonological Awareness and Reading Skills in Developmental Dyslexia: A Randomized Control Trial
    Elena Flaugnacco, Luisa Lopez, Chiara Terribili, Marcella Montico, Stefania Zoia, Daniele Schön, Sygal Amitay
    PLOS ONE 2015 10 9
  • Unraveling the Biology of Auditory Learning: A Cognitive–Sensorimotor–Reward Framework
    Nina Kraus, Travis White-Schwoch
    Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2015 19 11
  • Does Music Training Enhance Literacy Skills? A Meta-Analysis
    Reyna L. Gordon, Hilda M. Fehd, Bruce D. McCandliss
    Frontiers in Psychology 2015 6
  • Speech-in-noise perception in musicians: A review
    Emily B.J. Coffey, Nicolette B. Mogilever, Robert J. Zatorre
    Hearing Research 2017 352
  • Auditory-motor entrainment and phonological skills: precise auditory timing hypothesis (PATH)
    Adam Tierney, Nina Kraus
    Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2014 8
  • Prevalence of congenital amusia
    Isabelle Peretz, Dominique T Vuvan
    European Journal of Human Genetics 2017 25 5
  • BAASTA: Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities
    Simone Dalla Bella, Nicolas Farrugia, Charles-Etienne Benoit, Valentin Begel, Laura Verga, Eleanor Harding, Sonja A. Kotz
    Behavior Research Methods 2017 49 3
  • Tackling the ‘dyslexia paradox’: reading brain and behavior for early markers of developmental dyslexia
    Ola Ozernov-Palchik, Nadine Gaab
    Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science 2016 7 2
  • The Psychology of Music: Rhythm and Movement
    Daniel J. Levitin, Jessica A. Grahn, Justin London
    Annual Review of Psychology 2018 69 1
  • The role of rhythm in perceiving speech in noise: a comparison of percussionists, vocalists and non-musicians
    Jessica Slater, Nina Kraus
    Cognitive Processing 2016 17 1
  • Spontaneous synchronization to speech reveals neural mechanisms facilitating language learning
    M. Florencia Assaneo, Pablo Ripollés, Joan Orpella, Wy Ming Lin, Ruth de Diego-Balaguer, David Poeppel
    Nature Neuroscience 2019 22 4
  • Longitudinal Effects of Group Music Instruction on Literacy Skills in Low-Income Children
    Jessica Slater, Dana L. Strait, Erika Skoe, Samantha O'Connell, Elaine Thompson, Nina Kraus, Frederic Dick
    PLoS ONE 2014 9 11
  • Children and adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder cannot move to the beat
    Frédéric Puyjarinet, Valentin Bégel, Régis Lopez, Delphine Dellacherie, Simone Dalla Bella
    Scientific Reports 2017 7 1
  • Emergence of biological markers of musicianship with school-based music instruction
    Nina Kraus, Dana L. Strait
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2015 1337 1
  • Temporally Regular Musical Primes Facilitate Subsequent Syntax Processing in Children with Specific Language Impairment
    Nathalie Bedoin, Lucie Brisseau, Pauline Molinier, Didier Roch, Barbara Tillmann
    Frontiers in Neuroscience 2016 10
  • Neurobiology of Everyday Communication: What Have We Learned From Music?
    Nina Kraus, Travis White-Schwoch
    The Neuroscientist 2017 23 3
  • Variations on the theme of musical expertise: cognitive and sensory processing in percussionists, vocalists and non-musicians
    Jessica Slater, Andrea Azem, Trent Nicol, Britta Swedenborg, Nina Kraus, Guillaume Rousselet
    European Journal of Neuroscience 2017 45 7
  • Awareness of Rhythm Patterns in Speech and Music in Children with Specific Language Impairments
    Ruth Cumming, Angela Wilson, Victoria Leong, Lincoln J. Colling, Usha Goswami
    Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2015 9
  • Neural Entrainment and Sensorimotor Synchronization to the Beat in Children with Developmental Dyslexia: An EEG Study
    Lincoln J. Colling, Hannah L. Noble, Usha Goswami
    Frontiers in Neuroscience 2017 11
  • Speech rhythm sensitivity and musical aptitude: ERPs and individual differences
    Cyrille Magne, Deanna K. Jordan, Reyna L. Gordon
    Brain and Language 2016 153-154
  • “Lost in time” but still moving to the beat
    Valentin Bégel, Charles-Etienne Benoit, Angel Correa, Diana Cutanda, Sonja A. Kotz, Simone Dalla Bella
    Neuropsychologia 2017 94
  • Beyond Words: How Humans Communicate Through Sound
    Nina Kraus, Jessica Slater
    Annual Review of Psychology 2016 67 1
  • Individual Differences in Rhythm Skills: Links with Neural Consistency and Linguistic Ability
    Adam Tierney, Travis White-Schwoch, Jessica MacLean, Nina Kraus
    Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 2017 29 5
  • Auditory learning through active engagement with sound: biological impact of community music lessons in at-risk children
    Nina Kraus, Jessica Slater, Elaine C. Thompson, Jane Hornickel, Dana L. Strait, Trent Nicol, Travis White-Schwoch
    Frontiers in Neuroscience 2014 8
  • Intertrial auditory neural stability supports beat synchronization in preschoolers
    Kali Woodruff Carr, Adam Tierney, Travis White-Schwoch, Nina Kraus
    Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience 2016 17
  • White matter microstructural properties correlate with sensorimotor synchronization abilities
    Tal Blecher, Idan Tal, Michal Ben-Shachar
    NeuroImage 2016 138
  • A multimodal spectral approach to characterize rhythm in natural speech
    Anna Maria Alexandrou, Timo Saarinen, Jan Kujala, Riitta Salmelin
    The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 2016 139 1
  • Music Games: Potential Application and Considerations for Rhythmic Training
    Valentin Bégel, Ines Di Loreto, Antoine Seilles, Simone Dalla Bella
    Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2017 11
  • Incorporation of feedback during beat synchronization is an index of neural maturation and reading skills
    Kali Woodruff Carr, Ahren B. Fitzroy, Adam Tierney, Travis White-Schwoch, Nina Kraus
    Brain and Language 2017 164
  • Monkeys share the neurophysiological basis for encoding sound periodicities captured by the frequency-following response with humans
    Yaneri A. Ayala, Alexandre Lehmann, Hugo Merchant
    Scientific Reports 2017 7 1
  • Successful second language learning is tied to robust domain-general auditory processing and stable neural representation of sound
    Magdalena Kachlicka, Kazuya Saito, Adam Tierney
    Brain and Language 2019 192
  • The emerging role of educational neuroscience in education reform
    Janet N. Zadina
    Psicología Educativa 2015 21 2
  • Inducing attention not to blink: auditory entrainment improves conscious visual processing
    Luca Ronconi, Hannah L. Pincham, Dénes Szűcs, Andrea Facoetti
    Psychological Research 2016 80 5
  • Musical competence and phoneme perception in a foreign language
    Swathi Swaminathan, E. Glenn Schellenberg
    Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 2017 24 6
  • The effects of training in rhythm and pitch on phonological awareness in four- to six-year-old children
    Hanne Patscheke, Franziska Degé, Gudrun Schwarzer
    Psychology of Music 2019 47 3
  • Born to Speak and Sing: Musical Predictors of Language Development in Pre-schoolers
    Nina Politimou, Simone Dalla Bella, Nicolas Farrugia, Fabia Franco
    Frontiers in Psychology 2019 10
  • Music and movement: Towards a translational approach
    Simone Dalla Bella
    Neurophysiologie Clinique 2018 48 6
  • Relating Language and Music Skills in Young Children: A First Approach to Systemize and Compare Distinct Competencies on Different Levels
    Caroline Cohrdes, Lorenz Grolig, Sascha Schroeder
    Frontiers in Psychology 2016 7
  • Intrinsic Rhythmicity Predicts Synchronization-Continuation Entrainment Performance
    Trevor McPherson, Dorita Berger, Sankaraleengam Alagapan, Flavio Fröhlich
    Scientific Reports 2018 8 1
  • Moving to the Beat: Using Music, Rhythm, and Movement to Enhance Self-Regulation in Early Childhood Classrooms
    Kate E. Williams
    International Journal of Early Childhood 2018 50 1
  • Neural processing of musical meter in musicians and non-musicians
    T. Christina Zhao, H.T. Gloria Lam, Harkirat Sohi, Patricia K. Kuhl
    Neuropsychologia 2017 106
  • Rhythm production at school entry as a predictor of poor reading and spelling at the end of first grade
    Kjersti Lundetræ, Jenny M. Thomson
    Reading and Writing 2018 31 1
  • Word and object recognition during reading acquisition: MEG evidence
    Sendy Caffarra, Clara D. Martin, Mikel Lizarazu, Marie Lallier, Asier Zarraga, Nicola Molinaro, Manuel Carreiras
    Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience 2017 24
  • A Randomized Controlled Crossover Study of the Impact of Online Music Training on Pitch and Timbre Perception in Cochlear Implant Users
    Nicole T. Jiam, Mickael L. Deroche, Patpong Jiradejvong, Charles J. Limb
    Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology 2019 20 3
  • Clapping in time parallels literacy and calls upon overlapping neural mechanisms in early readers
    Silvia Bonacina, Jennifer Krizman, Travis White-Schwoch, Nina Kraus
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2018 1423 1
  • Is atypical rhythm a risk factor for developmental speech and language disorders?
    Enikő Ladányi, Valentina Persici, Anna Fiveash, Barbara Tillmann, Reyna L. Gordon
    WIREs Cognitive Science 2020 11 5
  • Population responses in primary auditory cortex simultaneously represent the temporal envelope and periodicity features in natural speech
    Daniel A. Abrams, Trent Nicol, Travis White-Schwoch, Steven Zecker, Nina Kraus
    Hearing Research 2017 348
  • Rhythm Workers
    Valentin Bégel, Antoine Seilles, Simone Dalla Bella
    Music & Science 2018 1
  • Musical rhythm and reading development: does beat processing matter?
    Ola Ozernov-Palchik, Aniruddh D. Patel
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 2018 1423 1
  • Test-retest reliability of the Battery for the Assessment of Auditory Sensorimotor and Timing Abilities (BAASTA)
    Valentin Bégel, Laura Verga, Charles-Etienne Benoit, Sonja A. Kotz, Simone Dalla Bella
    Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2018 61 6
  • Regular rhythmic primes boost P600 in grammatical error processing in dyslexic adults and matched controls
    Laure-Hélène Canette, Anna Fiveash, Jennifer Krzonowski, Alexandra Corneyllie, Philippe Lalitte, Dave Thompson, Laurel Trainor, Nathalie Bedoin, Barbara Tillmann
    Neuropsychologia 2020 138
  • Don’t speak too fast! Processing of fast rate speech in children with specific language impairment
    Hélène Guiraud, Nathalie Bedoin, Sonia Krifi-Papoz, Vania Herbillon, Aurélia Caillot-Bascoul, Sibylle Gonzalez-Monge, Véronique Boulenger, Sonja Kotz
    PLOS ONE 2018 13 1
  • Implementation of a rhythm and movement intervention to support self-regulation skills of preschool-aged children in disadvantaged communities
    Kate E. Williams, Donna Berthelsen
    Psychology of Music 2019 47 6
  • Music as a scaffold for listening to speech: Better neural phase-locking to song than speech
    Christina M. Vanden Bosch der Nederlanden, Marc F. Joanisse, Jessica A. Grahn
    NeuroImage 2020 214
  • Pushing the Envelope: Developments in Neural Entrainment to Speech and the Biological Underpinnings of Prosody Perception
    Brett Myers, Miriam Lense, Reyna Gordon
    Brain Sciences 2019 9 3
  • Auditory Stimulation Training With Technically Manipulated Musical Material in Preschool Children With Specific Language Impairments: An Explorative Study
    Ingo Roden, Kaija Früchtenicht, Gunter Kreutz, Friedrich Linderkamp, Dietmar Grube
    Frontiers in Psychology 2019 10
  • Influences of Synchronized Metronome Training on Soccer Players’ Timing Ability, Performance Accuracy, and Lower-Limb Kinematics
    Louise Rönnqvist, Rachel McDonald, Marius Sommer
    Frontiers in Psychology 2018 9
  • Jumpstarting auditory learning in children with cochlear implants through music experiences
    Christine Barton, Amy McConkey Robbins
    Cochlear Implants International 2015 16 sup3
  • Neural stability: A reflection of automaticity in reading
    Silvia Siu-Yin Lam, Travis White-Schwoch, Steven G. Zecker, Jane Hornickel, Nina Kraus
    Neuropsychologia 2017 103
  • The Developmental Origins of the Perception and Production of Musical Rhythm
    Erin E. Hannon, Jessica E. Nave-Blodgett, Karli M. Nave
    Child Development Perspectives 2018 12 3
  • Auditory-motor coupling affects phonetic encoding
    Maren Schmidt-Kassow, Katharina Thöne, Jochen Kaiser
    Brain Research 2019 1716
  • Can a rhythmic intervention support reading development in poor readers?
    Susan Hallam
    Psychology of Music 2019 47 5
  • Metric Structure and Rhyme Predictability Modulate Speech Intensity During Child-Directed and Read-Alone Productions of Children’s Literature
    Ahren B. Fitzroy, Mara Breen
    Language and Speech 2020 63 2
  • Reading and Dyslexia
    Yi-Hui Hung, Stephen J. Frost, Kenneth R. Pugh
    2018 16
  • The Frequency-Following Response
    Travis White-Schwoch, Nina Kraus
    2017 61
  • Does moving to the music make you smarter? The relation of sensorimotor entrainment to cognitive, linguistic, musical, and social skills
    Emese Maróti, Edina Barabás, Gabriella Deszpot, Tamara Farnadi, László Norbert Nemes, Borbála Szirányi, Ferenc Honbolygó
    Psychology of Music 2019 47 5
  • Musical Experience, Sensorineural Auditory Processing, and Reading Subskills in Adults
    Parker Tichko, Erika Skoe
    Brain Sciences 2018 8 5
  • Reading and Dyslexia
    Marie Lallier, Mikel Lizarazu, Nicola Molinaro, Mathieu Bourguignon, Paula Ríos-López, Manuel Carreiras
    2018 16
  • Spontaneous and stimulus-driven rhythmic behaviors in ADHD adults and controls
    Anat Kliger Amrani, Elana Zion Golumbic
    Neuropsychologia 2020 146
  • Syllable as a unit of information transfer in linguistic communication: The entropy syllable parsing model
    Evie A. Malaia, Ronnie B. Wilbur
    WIREs Cognitive Science 2020 11 1
  • The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference
    David Poeppel, Xiangbin Teng
    2020
  • Development of a gaze contingent method for auditory threshold evaluation in non-verbal ASD children
    Brian Sullivan, C. Ellie Wilson, David Saldaña
    Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders 2019 62
  • Distinct rhythmic abilities align with phonological awareness and rapid naming in school-age children
    Silvia Bonacina, Jennifer Krizman, Travis White-Schwoch, Trent Nicol, Nina Kraus
    Cognitive Processing 2020 21 4
  • Dyslexia in the Music Classroom: A Review of Literature
    James L. Reifinger
    Update: Applications of Research in Music Education 2019 38 1
  • Music and speech distractors disrupt sensorimotor synchronization: effects of musical training
    Anita Białuńska, Simone Dalla Bella
    Experimental Brain Research 2017 235 12
  • Music effects on phonological awareness development in 3-year-old children
    Maria Manuel Vidal, Marisa Lousada, Marina Vigário
    Applied Psycholinguistics 2020 41 2
  • Music to my mouth: Evidence of domain general rate priming in adults and children
    Melissa K. Jungers, Julie M. Hupp
    Cognitive Development 2018 48
  • Neural Responses to Musical Rhythm in Chinese Children With Reading Difficulties
    Chun-Han Chiang, Jarmo Hämäläinen, Weiyong Xu, Hsiao-Lan Wang
    Frontiers in Psychology 2020 11
  • Neural and physiological relations observed in musical beat and meter processing
    T. Christina Zhao, Patricia K. Kuhl
    Brain and Behavior 2020 10 11
  • Neural entrainment to the beat in multiple frequency bands in 6–7-year-old children
    Emese Maróti, Ferenc Honbolygó, Béla Weiss
    International Journal of Psychophysiology 2019 141
  • Promotion of Street-Dance Training on the Executive Function in Preschool Children
    Yue Shen, Qing Zhao, Yue Huang, Ge Liu, Lele Fang
    Frontiers in Psychology 2020 11
  • Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology
    David Poeppel
    2020
  • Selective Attention and Inhibitory Control of Attention Are Correlated With Music Audiation
    Noemí Grinspun, Luc Nijs, Leonie Kausel, Kelsey Onderdijk, Nicolás Sepúlveda, Antonio Rivera-Hutinel
    Frontiers in Psychology 2020 11
  • Synchronization of interconnected heterogeneous networks: The role of network sizes
    Huixin Zhang, Weidong Zhang, Jianxi Gao
    Scientific Reports 2019 9 1
  • Tapping to a beat in synchrony predicts brain print sensitivity in pre-readers
    Paula Ríos-López, Nicola Molinaro, Marie Lallier
    Brain and Language 2019 199
  • The Regularity of Rhythmic Primes Influences Syntax Processing in Adults
    Laure-Hélène Canette, Nathalie Bedoin, Philippe Lalitte, Emmanuel Bigand, Barbara Tillmann
    Auditory Perception & Cognition 2019 2 3
  • The Relationship Between L2 Phonological Processing and Early Musical Training in Adult Bilinguals
    Angela Liang, Marcus Taft
    Music & Science 2020 3
  • Toward a More Conclusive Understanding of the Relationship between Musical Training and Reading
    McNeel G. Jantzen
    Frontiers in Psychology 2017 8

Article usage

Article usage: September 2014 to March 2021

AbstractFullPdf
Sep 201423410154
Oct 2014531994194
Nov 20144973248
Dec 20142702730
Total 20148427153426
Jan 20152461521
Feb 2015217810
Mar 20151732520
Apr 20151351723
May 20151001527
Jun 20151122027
Jul 20151383439
Aug 2015931513
Sep 20151201838
Oct 2015972042
Nov 2015691727
Dec 2015721545
Total 20151572219332
Jan 2016632023
Feb 2016802329
Mar 2016572730
Apr 2016723234
May 20161014736
Jun 2016462524
Jul 2016441314
Aug 2016532325
Sep 2016622323
Oct 2016692523
Nov 2016832538
Dec 2016694615
Total 2016799329314
Jan 2017532627
Feb 2017491915
Mar 2017562019
Apr 2017612613
May 2017521101233
Jun 2017602122
Jul 2017352714
Aug 2017403320
Sep 2017772624
Oct 2017833328
Nov 2017643019
Dec 2017592724
Total 20171158389458
Jan 2018324610
Feb 2018846329
Mar 2018816234
Apr 2018748336
May 20189611732
Jun 2018685228
Jul 2018695933
Aug 201827427623
Sep 2018908433
Oct 2018408546
Nov 20181698951
Dec 2018589338
Total 201811351109393
Jan 20195016399
Feb 2019607239
Mar 20195611958
Apr 2019625836
May 2019360155313
Jun 2019397161364
Jul 2019237726
Aug 2019502539
Sep 2019375324
Oct 2019506544
Nov 2019546031
Dec 2019345126
Total 2019123310591099
Jan 2020256730
Feb 2020344625
Mar 2020475743
Apr 2020627834
May 2020361177176
Jun 2020258830
Jul 2020205728
Aug 2020255224
Sep 2020296746
Oct 2020464836
Nov 2020497218
Dec 2020457737
Total 2020768886527
Jan 202115215041
Feb 2021466551
Mar 20215128
Total 2021203227100
Total1529543713649
PreviousNext
Back to top
Article Alerts
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on PNAS.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Beat synchronization predicts neural speech encoding and reading readiness in preschoolers
(Your Name) has sent you a message from PNAS
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the PNAS web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Neurobiology of preschool beat synchronization
Kali Woodruff Carr, Travis White-Schwoch, Adam T. Tierney, Dana L. Strait, Nina Kraus
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Oct 2014, 111 (40) 14559-14564; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1406219111

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Request Permissions
Share
Neurobiology of preschool beat synchronization
Kali Woodruff Carr, Travis White-Schwoch, Adam T. Tierney, Dana L. Strait, Nina Kraus
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Oct 2014, 111 (40) 14559-14564; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1406219111
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Mendeley logo Mendeley

Article Classifications

  • Biological Sciences
  • Neuroscience
  • Social Sciences
  • Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 111 (40)
Table of Contents

Submit

Sign up for Article Alerts

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Materials and Methods
    • Acknowledgments
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & SI
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

You May Also be Interested in

Setting sun over a sun-baked dirt landscape
Core Concept: Popular integrated assessment climate policy models have key caveats
Better explicating the strengths and shortcomings of these models will help refine projections and improve transparency in the years ahead.
Image credit: Witsawat.S.
Model of the Amazon forest
News Feature: A sea in the Amazon
Did the Caribbean sweep into the western Amazon millions of years ago, shaping the region’s rich biodiversity?
Image credit: Tacio Cordeiro Bicudo (University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil), Victor Sacek (University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil), and Lucy Reading-Ikkanda (artist).
Syrian archaeological site
Journal Club: In Mesopotamia, early cities may have faltered before climate-driven collapse
Settlements 4,200 years ago may have suffered from overpopulation before drought and lower temperatures ultimately made them unsustainable.
Image credit: Andrea Ricci.
Steamboat Geyser eruption.
Eruption of Steamboat Geyser
Mara Reed and Michael Manga explore why Yellowstone's Steamboat Geyser resumed erupting in 2018.
Listen
Past PodcastsSubscribe
Birds nestling on tree branches
Parent–offspring conflict in songbird fledging
Some songbird parents might improve their own fitness by manipulating their offspring into leaving the nest early, at the cost of fledgling survival, a study finds.
Image credit: Gil Eckrich (photographer).

Similar Articles

Site Logo
Powered by HighWire
  • Submit Manuscript
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • RSS Feeds
  • Email Alerts

Articles

  • Current Issue
  • Special Feature Articles – Most Recent
  • List of Issues

PNAS Portals

  • Anthropology
  • Chemistry
  • Classics
  • Front Matter
  • Physics
  • Sustainability Science
  • Teaching Resources

Information

  • Authors
  • Editorial Board
  • Reviewers
  • Subscribers
  • Librarians
  • Press
  • Site Map
  • PNAS Updates
  • FAQs
  • Accessibility Statement
  • Rights & Permissions
  • About
  • Contact

Feedback    Privacy/Legal

Copyright © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. Online ISSN 1091-6490