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Edited by Neil H. Shubin, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, and approved December 9, 2014 (received for review April 15, 2014)
Article Figures & SI
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Common Ediacara biota fossils from the Ediacara Member, Rawnsley Quartzite, Flinders Ranges, South Australia. (A) Dickinsonia costata with precontraction outline. (B) Funisia dorothea preserved as body casts and external molds where casts have been lost. (C) Two specimens of Parvancorina minchami. (D) Kimberella quadrata. (E) Multilayered sandstone case of Bradgatia sp. (F) Sandstone cast of scratch traces, Kimberichnus teruzzii, produced by K. quadrata. (G) Spriggina floundersi. (H) Internal cast of three walls of Pteridinium simplex. (I) Helminthoidichnites isp., groove and levee traces preserved on a bed base. Specimens D and G are from the Ediacara Conservation Park; other specimens are from the Nilpena Heritage Site. (Scale bar: 1 cm.)
- Fig. 2.
The relative abundance of different fossils on the excavated beds from South Australia. The total number of fossils found on the bed is given in parentheses after the bed name. All the beds shown, with the exception of the beds represented by the four right columns, represent deposition between fair-weather and storm wave base [the wave-base sand facies of Gehling and Droser (19)]. The four beds on the right are within the sheet-flow sand facies. The body fossil Funisia is preserved on beds MM2, Matt, and STC-X in abundances that range in the thousands, and thus, these fossils actually dominate beds. However, their dense packing and typically poor preservation do not allow for accurate counts on these beds.
- Fig. 3.
C. acula represents the oldest evidence of skeletonization. (A) A reconstruction of C. acula, after Clites and colleagues (27). This reconstruction is based on known specimens that have only up to four spicules, but it is likely it had more. (B) The holotype SAM P43257 of C. acula. The central depression is the mold of the thimble-like main body of the specimen. Note the rigid spicules that radiate from the main body.
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The advent of animals: View from the Ediacaran
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Article Classifications
- Biological Sciences
- Evolution
- Physical Sciences
- Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
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- Article
- Abstract
- The Temporal and Spatial Record
- Environments of the Ediacara Biota
- Heterogeneity of the Ediacaran Seafloor: An Example from the Ediacaran of South Australia
- Population Structure and Reproduction
- Skeletonization and a Link to the Cambrian
- Mobility and the Presence of Bilaterians
- Concluding Remarks
- Acknowledgments
- Footnotes
- References
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