Table of Contents

Biological Sciences

• Anthropology

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    Body composition in Pan paniscus compared with Homo sapiens has implications for changes during human evolution

    Adrienne L. Zihlman and Debra R. Bolter

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7466-7471; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505071112

• Applied Biological sciences

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    An estimate of the number of tropical tree species

    • From the Cover

    J. W. Ferry Slik, Víctor Arroyo-Rodríguez, Shin-Ichiro Aiba, Patricia Alvarez-Loayza, Luciana F. Alves, Peter Ashton, Patricia Balvanera, Meredith L. Bastian, Peter J. Bellingham, Eduardo van den Berg, Luis Bernacci, Polyanna da Conceição Bispo, Lilian Blanc, Katrin Böhning-Gaese, Pascal Boeckx, Frans Bongers, Brad Boyle, Matt Bradford, Francis Q. Brearley, Mireille Breuer-Ndoundou Hockemba, Sarayudh Bunyavejchewin, Darley Calderado Leal Matos, Miguel Castillo-Santiago, Eduardo L. M. Catharino, Shauna-Lee Chai, Yukai Chen, Robert K. Colwell, Robin L. Chazdon, Connie Clark, David B. Clark, Deborah A. Clark, Heike Culmsee, Kipiro Damas, Handanakere S. Dattaraja, Gilles Dauby, Priya Davidar, Saara J. DeWalt, Jean-Louis Doucet, Alvaro Duque, Giselda Durigan, Karl A. O. Eichhorn, Pedro V. Eisenlohr, Eduardo Eler, Corneille Ewango, Nina Farwig, Kenneth J. Feeley, Leandro Ferreira, Richard Field, Ary T. de Oliveira Filho, Christine Fletcher, Olle Forshed, Geraldo Franco, Gabriella Fredriksson, Thomas Gillespie, Jean-François Gillet, Giriraj Amarnath, Daniel M. Griffith, James Grogan, Nimal Gunatilleke, David Harris, Rhett Harrison, Andy Hector, Jürgen Homeier, Nobuo Imai, Akira Itoh, Patrick A. Jansen, Carlos A. Joly, Bernardus H. J. de Jong, Kuswata Kartawinata, Elizabeth Kearsley, Daniel L. Kelly, David Kenfack, Michael Kessler, Kanehiro Kitayama, Robert Kooyman, Eileen Larney, Yves Laumonier, Susan Laurance, William F. Laurance, Michael J. Lawes, Ieda Leao do Amaral, Susan G. Letcher, Jeremy Lindsell, Xinghui Lu, Asyraf Mansor, Antti Marjokorpi, Emanuel H. Martin, Henrik Meilby, Felipe P. L. Melo, Daniel J. Metcalfe, Vincent P. Medjibe, Jean Paul Metzger, Jerome Millet, D. Mohandass, Juan C. Montero, Márcio de Morisson Valeriano, Badru Mugerwa, Hidetoshi Nagamasu, Reuben Nilus, Susana Ochoa-Gaona, Onrizal, Navendu Page, Pia Parolin, Marc Parren, Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy, Ekananda Paudel, Andrea Permana, Maria T. F. Piedade, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Lourens Poorter, Axel D. Poulsen, John Poulsen, Jennifer Powers, Rama C. Prasad, Jean-Philippe Puyravaud, Jean-Claude Razafimahaimodison, Jan Reitsma, João Roberto dos Santos, Wilson Roberto Spironello, Hugo Romero-Saltos, Francesco Rovero, Andes Hamuraby Rozak, Kalle Ruokolainen, Ervan Rutishauser, Felipe Saiter, Philippe Saner, Braulio A. Santos, Fernanda Santos, Swapan K. Sarker, Manichanh Satdichanh, Christine B. Schmitt, Jochen Schöngart, Mark Schulze, Marcio S. Suganuma, Douglas Sheil, Eduardo da Silva Pinheiro, Plinio Sist, Tariq Stevart, Raman Sukumar, I.-Fang Sun, Terry Sunderland, H. S. Suresh, Eizi Suzuki, Marcelo Tabarelli, Jangwei Tang, Natália Targhetta, Ida Theilade, Duncan W. Thomas, Peguy Tchouto, Johanna Hurtado, Renato Valencia, Johan L. C. H. van Valkenburg, Tran Van Do, Rodolfo Vasquez, Hans Verbeeck, Victor Adekunle, Simone A. Vieira, Campbell O. Webb, Timothy Whitfeld, Serge A. Wich, John Williams, Florian Wittmann, Hannsjoerg Wöll, Xiaobo Yang, C. Yves Adou Yao, Sandra L. Yap, Tsuyoshi Yoneda, Rakan A. Zahawi, Rahmad Zakaria, Runguo Zang, Rafael L. de Assis, Bruno Garcia Luize, and Eduardo M. Venticinque

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7472-7477; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1423147112

• Biochemistry

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    Destructin-1 is a collagen-degrading endopeptidase secreted by Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the causative agent of white-nose syndrome

    Anthony J. O’Donoghue, Giselle M. Knudsen, Chapman Beekman, Jenna A. Perry, Alexander D. Johnson, Joseph L. DeRisi, Charles S. Craik, and Richard J. Bennett

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7478-7483; first published May 5, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1507082112

• Biophysics and Computational Biology

  • Open Access

    Accurate secondary structure prediction and fold recognition for circular dichroism spectroscopy

    András Micsonai, Frank Wien, Linda Kernya, Young-Ho Lee, Yuji Goto, Matthieu Réfrégiers, and József Kardos

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) E3095-E3103; first published June 2, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1500851112
  • Open Access

    Identifying localized changes in large systems: Change-point detection for biomolecular simulations

    Zhou Fan, Ron O. Dror, Thomas J. Mildorf, Stefano Piana, and David E. Shaw

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7454-7459; first published May 29, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1415846112
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    Temperature dependence of amino acid hydrophobicities

    Richard Wolfenden, Charles A. Lewis Jr., Yang Yuan, and Charles W. Carter Jr.

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7484-7488; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1507565112
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    tRNA acceptor stem and anticodon bases form independent codes related to protein folding

    Charles W. Carter Jr. and Richard Wolfenden

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7489-7494; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1507569112
  • Open Access

    Direct observation of DNA overwinding by reverse gyrase

    Taisaku Ogawa, Katsunori Yogo, Shou Furuike, Kazuo Sutoh, Akihiko Kikuchi, and Kazuhiko Kinosita Jr.

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7495-7500; first published May 28, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1422203112
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    Tau stabilizes microtubules by binding at the interface between tubulin heterodimers

    Harindranath Kadavath, Romina V. Hofele, Jacek Biernat, Satish Kumar, Katharina Tepper, Henning Urlaub, Eckhard Mandelkow, and Markus Zweckstetter

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7501-7506; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504081112

• Cell Biology

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    Ionic imbalance, in addition to molecular crowding, abates cytoskeletal dynamics and vesicle motility during hypertonic stress

    Paula Nunes, Isabelle Roth, Paolo Meda, Eric Féraille, Dennis Brown, and Udo Hasler

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) E3104-E3113; first published June 4, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1421290112
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    Histone chaperone Anp32e removes H2A.Z from DNA double-strand breaks and promotes nucleosome reorganization and DNA repair

    Ozge Gursoy-Yuzugullu, Marina K. Ayrapetov, and Brendan D. Price

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7507-7512; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504868112

• Ecology

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    Microbial invasion of the Caribbean by an Indo-Pacific coral zooxanthella

    D. Tye Pettay, Drew C. Wham, Robin T. Smith, Roberto Iglesias-Prieto, and Todd C. LaJeunesse

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7513-7518; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502283112
  • Open Access

    New approaches narrow global species estimates for beetles, insects, and terrestrial arthropods

    Nigel E. Stork, James McBroom, Claire Gely, and Andrew J. Hamilton

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7519-7523; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502408112

• Evolution

  • Open Access

    Gain of cis-regulatory activities underlies novel domains of wingless gene expression in Drosophila

    Shigeyuki Koshikawa, Matt W. Giorgianni, Kathy Vaccaro, Victoria A. Kassner, John H. Yoder, Thomas Werner, and Sean B. Carroll

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7524-7529; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1509022112
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    A tortoise–hare pattern seen in adapting structured and unstructured populations suggests a rugged fitness landscape in bacteria

    • From the Cover

    Joshua R. Nahum, Peter Godfrey-Smith, Brittany N. Harding, Joseph H. Marcus, Jared Carlson-Stevermer, and Benjamin Kerr

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7530-7535; first published May 11, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1410631112
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    Evolutionary and phenotypic analysis of live virus isolates suggests arthropod origin of a pathogenic RNA virus family

    Marco Marklewitz, Florian Zirkel, Andreas Kurth, Christian Drosten, and Sandra Junglen

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7536-7541; first published June 2, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502036112
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    Evolutionary comparison reveals that diverging CTCF sites are signatures of ancestral topological associating domains borders

    Carlos Gómez-Marín, Juan J. Tena, Rafael D. Acemel, Macarena López-Mayorga, Silvia Naranjo, Elisa de la Calle-Mustienes, Ignacio Maeso, Leonardo Beccari, Ivy Aneas, Erika Vielmas, Paola Bovolenta, Marcelo A. Nobrega, Jaime Carvajal, and José Luis Gómez-Skarmeta

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7542-7547; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505463112

• Genetics

  • Open Access

    Extrachromosomal circular DNA is common in yeast

    Henrik D. Møller, Lance Parsons, Tue S. Jørgensen, David Botstein, and Birgitte Regenberg

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) E3114-E3122; first published June 2, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1508825112
  • Open Access

    Porcupine inhibitor suppresses paracrine Wnt-driven growth of Rnf43;Znrf3-mutant neoplasia

    Bon-Kyoung Koo, Johan H. van Es, Maaike van den Born, and Hans Clevers

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7548-7550; first published May 28, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1508113112

• Immunology and Inflammation

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    Focusing and sustaining the antitumor CTL effector killer response by agonist anti-CD137 mAb

    Bettina Weigelin, Elixabet Bolaños, Alvaro Teijeira, Ivan Martinez-Forero, Sara Labiano, Arantza Azpilikueta, Aizea Morales-Kastresana, José I. Quetglas, Esther Wagena, Alfonso Rodríguez Sánchez-Paulete, Lieping Chen, Peter Friedl, and Ignacio Melero

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7551-7556; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1506357112
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    IL-1R signaling enables bystander cells to overcome bacterial blockade of host protein synthesis

    Alan M. Copenhaver, Cierra N. Casson, Hieu T. Nguyen, Matthew M. Duda, and Sunny Shin

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7557-7562; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1501289112

• Microbiology

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    Type IV pili mechanochemically regulate virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

    Alexandre Persat, Yuki F. Inclan, Joanne N. Engel, Howard A. Stone, and Zemer Gitai

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7563-7568; first published June 3, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1502025112
  • Open Access

    Precision-guided antimicrobial peptide as a targeted modulator of human microbial ecology

    Lihong Guo, Jeffrey S. McLean, Youngik Yang, Randal Eckert, Christopher W. Kaplan, Pierre Kyme, Omid Sheikh, Brian Varnum, Renate Lux, Wenyuan Shi, and Xuesong He

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7569-7574; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1506207112
  • Open Access

    A tyrosine-based motif in the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein tail mediates cell-type– and Rab11-FIP1C–dependent incorporation into virions

    Mingli Qi, Hin Chu, Xuemin Chen, Junghwa Choi, Xiaoyun Wen, Jason Hammonds, Lingmei Ding, Eric Hunter, and Paul Spearman

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7575-7580; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504174112
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    Two-level inhibition of galK expression by Spot 42: Degradation of mRNA mK2 and enhanced transcription termination before the galK gene

    Xun Wang, Sang Chun Ji, Heung Jin Jeon, Yonho Lee, and Heon M. Lim

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7581-7586; first published June 4, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1424683112

• Neuroscience

  • Open Access

    Oxytocin modulates fMRI responses to facial expression in macaques

    Ning Liu, Fadila Hadj-Bouziane, Katherine B. Jones, Janita N. Turchi, Bruno B. Averbeck, and Leslie G. Ungerleider

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) E3123-E3130; first published May 26, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1508097112
  • Open Access

    Progressive maturation of silent synapses governs the duration of a critical period

    Xiaojie Huang, Sophia K. Stodieck, Bianka Goetze, Lei Cui, Man Ho Wong, Colin Wenzel, Leon Hosang, Yan Dong, Siegrid Löwel, and Oliver M. Schlüter

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) E3131-E3140; first published May 26, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1506488112
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    Rab3-interacting molecules 2α and 2β promote the abundance of voltage-gated Ca_V1.3 Ca²⁺ channels at hair cell active zones

    Sangyong Jung, Tomoko Oshima-Takago, Rituparna Chakrabarti, Aaron B. Wong, Zhizi Jing, Gulnara Yamanbaeva, Maria Magdalena Picher, Sonja M. Wojcik, Fabian Göttfert, Friederike Predoehl, Katrin Michel, Stefan W. Hell, Susanne Schoch, Nicola Strenzke, Carolin Wichmann, and Tobias Moser

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) E3141-E3149; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1417207112
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    Liver X receptors alpha and beta promote myelination and remyelination in the cerebellum

    Delphine Meffre, Ghjuvan’Ghjacumu Shackleford, Mehdi Hichor, Victor Gorgievski, Eleni T. Tzavara, Amalia Trousson, Abdel M. Ghoumari, Cyrille Deboux, Brahim Nait Oumesmar, Philippe Liere, Michael Schumacher, Etienne-Emile Baulieu, Frédéric Charbonnier, Julien Grenier, and Charbel Massaad

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7587-7592; first published May 28, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1424951112
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    Amphetamine modulates brain signal variability and working memory in younger and older adults

    Douglas D. Garrett, Irene E. Nagel, Claudia Preuschhof, Agnieszka Z. Burzynska, Janina Marchner, Steffen Wiegert, Gerhard J. Jungehülsing, Lars Nyberg, Arno Villringer, Shu-Chen Li, Hauke R. Heekeren, Lars Bäckman, and Ulman Lindenberger

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7593-7598; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504090112
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    Transgenic songbirds with suppressed or enhanced activity of CREB transcription factor

    Kentaro Abe, Sumiko Matsui, and Dai Watanabe

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7599-7604; first published June 5, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1413484112

• Plant Biology

  • Open Access

    Asymptomatic spread of huanglongbing and implications for disease control

    Jo Ann Lee, Susan E. Halbert, William O. Dawson, Cecile J. Robertson, James E. Keesling, and Burton H. Singer

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7605-7610; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1508253112

• Sustainability Science

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    Adaptive governance, ecosystem management, and natural capital

    Lisen Schultz, Carl Folke, Henrik Österblom, and Per Olsson

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7369-7374; first published June 16, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406493112
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    Embedding ecosystem services in coastal planning leads to better outcomes for people and nature

    Katie K. Arkema, Gregory M. Verutes, Spencer A. Wood, Chantalle Clarke-Samuels, Samir Rosado, Maritza Canto, Amy Rosenthal, Mary Ruckelshaus, Gregory Guannel, Jodie Toft, Joe Faries, Jessica M. Silver, Robert Griffin, and Anne D. Guerry

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7390-7395; first published June 15, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406483112
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    Impacts of conservation and human development policy across stakeholders and scales

    Cong Li, Hua Zheng, Shuzhuo Li, Xiaoshu Chen, Jie Li, Weihong Zeng, Yicheng Liang, Stephen Polasky, Marcus W. Feldman, Mary Ruckelshaus, Zhiyun Ouyang, and Gretchen C. Daily

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7396-7401; first published June 15, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406486112
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    Spatial patterns of agricultural expansion determine impacts on biodiversity and carbon storage

    Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer, Richard P. Sharp, Lisa Mandle, Sarah Sim, Justin Johnson, Isabela Butnar, Llorenç Milà i Canals, Bradley A. Eichelberger, Ivan Ramler, Carina Mueller, Nikolaus McLachlan, Anahita Yousefi, Henry King, and Peter M. Kareiva

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7402-7407; first published June 16, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406485112
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    Estimating the impacts of conservation on ecosystem services and poverty by integrating modeling and evaluation

    Paul J. Ferraro, Merlin M. Hanauer, Daniela A. Miteva, Joanna L. Nelson, Subhrendu K. Pattanayak, Christoph Nolte, and Katharine R. E. Sims

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7420-7425; first published June 16, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1406487112
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    Financial competitiveness of organic agriculture on a global scale

    David W. Crowder and John P. Reganold

    PNAS June 16, 2015 112 (24) 7611-7616; first published June 1, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1423674112