Skip to main content
  • Submit
  • About
    • Editorial Board
    • PNAS Staff
    • FAQ
    • Accessibility Statement
    • Rights and Permissions
    • Site Map
  • Contact
  • Journal Club
  • Subscribe
    • Subscription Rates
    • Subscriptions FAQ
    • Open Access
    • Recommend PNAS to Your Librarian
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Main menu

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current
    • Special Feature Articles - Most Recent
    • Special Features
    • Colloquia
    • Collected Articles
    • PNAS Classics
    • List of Issues
  • Front Matter
  • News
    • For the Press
    • This Week In PNAS
    • PNAS in the News
  • Podcasts
  • Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Editorial and Journal Policies
    • Submission Procedures
    • Fees and Licenses
  • Submit
  • About
    • Editorial Board
    • PNAS Staff
    • FAQ
    • Accessibility Statement
    • Rights and Permissions
    • Site Map
  • Contact
  • Journal Club
  • Subscribe
    • Subscription Rates
    • Subscriptions FAQ
    • Open Access
    • Recommend PNAS to Your Librarian

User menu

  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Home
Home

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current
    • Special Feature Articles - Most Recent
    • Special Features
    • Colloquia
    • Collected Articles
    • PNAS Classics
    • List of Issues
  • Front Matter
  • News
    • For the Press
    • This Week In PNAS
    • PNAS in the News
  • Podcasts
  • Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Editorial and Journal Policies
    • Submission Procedures
    • Fees and Licenses

New Research In

Physical Sciences

Featured Portals

  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Sustainability Science

Articles by Topic

  • Applied Mathematics
  • Applied Physical Sciences
  • Astronomy
  • Computer Sciences
  • Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
  • Engineering
  • Environmental Sciences
  • Mathematics
  • Statistics

Social Sciences

Featured Portals

  • Anthropology
  • Sustainability Science

Articles by Topic

  • Economic Sciences
  • Environmental Sciences
  • Political Sciences
  • Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
  • Social Sciences

Biological Sciences

Featured Portals

  • Sustainability Science

Articles by Topic

  • Agricultural Sciences
  • Anthropology
  • Applied Biological Sciences
  • Biochemistry
  • Biophysics and Computational Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Ecology
  • Environmental Sciences
  • Evolution
  • Genetics
  • Immunology and Inflammation
  • Medical Sciences
  • Microbiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Physiology
  • Plant Biology
  • Population Biology
  • Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
  • Sustainability Science
  • Systems Biology
Research Article

Quality of evidence revealing subtle gender biases in science is in the eye of the beholder

View ORCID ProfileIan M. Handley, Elizabeth R. Brown, Corinne A. Moss-Racusin, and Jessi L. Smith
PNAS October 27, 2015 112 (43) 13201-13206; first published October 12, 2015; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1510649112
Ian M. Handley
aDepartment of Psychology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3440;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • ORCID record for Ian M. Handley
  • For correspondence: ihandley@montana.edu
Elizabeth R. Brown
aDepartment of Psychology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3440;
bDepartment of Psychology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 33224;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Corinne A. Moss-Racusin
cDepartment of Psychology, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jessi L. Smith
aDepartment of Psychology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3440;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  1. Edited by Susan T. Fiske, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, and approved September 16, 2015 (received for review May 31, 2015)

  • Article
  • Figures & SI
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Online Impact

 

Article Information

vol. 112 no. 43 13201-13206
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1510649112
PubMed: 
26460001

Published By: 
National Academy of Sciences
Print ISSN: 
0027-8424
Online ISSN: 
1091-6490
History: 
  • Published in issue October 27, 2015.
  • Published first October 12, 2015.

Copyright & Usage: 
Freely available online through the PNAS open access option.

Author Information

  1. Ian M. Handleya,1,
  2. Elizabeth R. Browna,b,
  3. Corinne A. Moss-Racusinc, and
  4. Jessi L. Smitha
  1. aDepartment of Psychology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717-3440;
  2. bDepartment of Psychology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 33224;
  3. cDepartment of Psychology, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866
  1. Edited by Susan T. Fiske, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, and approved September 16, 2015 (received for review May 31, 2015)

Footnotes

  • ↵1To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: ihandley{at}montana.edu.
  • Author contributions: I.M.H., E.R.B., C.A.M.-R., and J.L.S. designed research; E.R.B. and J.L.S. performed research; I.M.H., E.R.B., and J.L.S. analyzed data; and I.M.H., E.R.B., C.A.M.-R., and J.L.S. wrote the paper.

  • The authors declare no conflict of interest.

  • This article is a PNAS Direct Submission.

  • This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.1510649112/-/DCSupplemental.

Cited By...

  • 88 Citations
  • 91 Citations
  • Google Scholar

This article has been cited by the following articles in journals that are participating in Crossref Cited-by Linking.

  • Gender Stereotypes
    Naomi Ellemers
    Annual Review of Psychology 2018 69 1
  • Gender bias in scholarly peer review
    Markus Helmer, Manuel Schottdorf, Andreas Neef, Demian Battaglia
    eLife 2017 6
  • Men Set Their Own Cites High: Gender and Self-citation across Fields and over Time
    Molly M. King, Carl T. Bergstrom, Shelley J. Correll, Jennifer Jacquet, Jevin D. West
    Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 2017 3
  • A global call for action to include gender in research impact assessment
    Pavel V. Ovseiko, Trisha Greenhalgh, Paula Adam, Jonathan Grant, Saba Hinrichs-Krapels, Kathryn E. Graham, Pamela A. Valentine, Omar Sued, Omar F. Boukhris, Nada M. Al Olaqi, Idrees S. Al Rahbi, Anne-Maree Dowd, Sara Bice, Tamika L. Heiden, Michael D. Fischer, Sue Dopson, Robyn Norton, Alexandra Pollitt, Steven Wooding, Gert V. Balling, Ulla Jakobsen, Ellen Kuhlmann, Ineke Klinge, Linda H. Pololi, Reshma Jagsi, Helen Lawton Smith, Henry Etzkowitz, Mathias W. Nielsen, Carme Carrion, Maite Solans‐Domènech, Esther Vizcaino, Lin Naing, Quentin H. N. Cheok, Baerbel Eckelmann, Moses C. Simuyemba, Temwa Msiska, Giovanna Declich, Laurel D. Edmunds, Vasiliki Kiparoglou, Alison M. J. Buchan, Catherine Williamson, Graham M. Lord, Keith M. Channon, Rebecca Surender, Alastair M. Buchan
    Health Research Policy and Systems 2016 14 1
  • Gender in the Journals: Publication Patterns in Political Science
    Dawn Langan Teele, Kathleen Thelen
    PS: Political Science & Politics 2017 50 02
  • Atrial fibrillation in women: treatment
    Darae Ko, Faisal Rahman, Maria A. P. Martins, Elaine M. Hylek, Patrick T. Ellinor, Renate B. Schnabel, Emelia J. Benjamin, Ingrid E. Christophersen
    Nature Reviews Cardiology 2017 14 2
  • The Status of Women in STEM in Higher Education: A Review of the Literature 2007–2017
    Heidi Blackburn
    Science & Technology Libraries 2017 36 3
  • Women are underrepresented in computational biology: An analysis of the scholarly literature in biology, computer science and computational biology
    Kevin S. Bonham, Melanie I. Stefan, Carl T. Bergstrom
    PLOS Computational Biology 2017 13 10
  • How the entire scientific community can confront gender bias in the workplace
    Kathleen E. Grogan
    Nature Ecology & Evolution 2019 3 1
  • Gender Equity in College Majors: Looking Beyond the STEM/Non-STEM Dichotomy for Answers Regarding Female Participation
    Colleen M. Ganley, Casey E. George, Joseph R. Cimpian, Martha B. Makowski
    American Educational Research Journal 2018 55 3
  • Gender equity at scientific events
    F. Débarre, N. O. Rode, L. V. Ugelvig
    Evolution Letters 2018 2 3
  • Organisational best practices towards gender equality in science and medicine
    Imogen R Coe, Ryan Wiley, Linda-Gail Bekker
    The Lancet 2019 393 10171
  • SWS 2016 Feminist Lecture: Reducing Gender Biases In Modern Workplaces: A Small Wins Approach to Organizational Change
    Shelley J. Correll
    Gender & Society 2017 31 6
  • Scientific Eminence
    Alice H. Eagly, David I. Miller
    Perspectives on Psychological Science 2016 11 6
  • Bias against research on gender bias
    Aleksandra Cislak, Magdalena Formanowicz, Tamar Saguy
    Scientometrics 2018 115 1
  • Patterns of Gendered Performance Differences in Large Introductory Courses at Five Research Universities
    Rebecca L. Matz, Benjamin P. Koester, Stefano Fiorini, Galina Grom, Linda Shepard, Charles G. Stangor, Brad Weiner, Timothy A. McKay
    AERA Open 2017 3 4
  • A recipe for change: Creating a more inclusive academy
    B. Mitchneck, J. L. Smith, M. Latimer
    Science 2016 352 6282
  • Men's defense of their prototypicality undermines the success of women in STEM initiatives
    Felix Danbold, Yuen J. Huo
    Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2017 72
  • Helping and Hindering Undergraduate Women’s STEM Motivation: Experiences With STEM Encouragement, STEM-Related Gender Bias, and Sexual Harassment
    Campbell Leaper, Christine R. Starr
    Psychology of Women Quarterly 2019 43 2
  • Promoting concern about gender bias with evidence-based confrontation
    Laura R. Parker, Margo J. Monteith, Corinne A. Moss-Racusin, Amanda R. Van Camp
    Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2018 74
  • Leaky pipeline, gender bias, self-selection or all three? A quantitative analysis of gender balance at an international palliative care research conference
    Katherine E Sleeman, Jonathan Koffman, Irene J Higginson
    BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 2019 9 2
  • Race and racism in the geosciences
    Kuheli Dutt
    Nature Geoscience 2020 13 1
  • The European Journal of Neuroscience's mission to increase the visibility and recognition of women in science
    Dana L. Helmreich, J. Paul Bolam, John J. Foxe
    European Journal of Neuroscience 2017 46 9
  • Research performance and age explain less than half of the gender pay gap in New Zealand universities
    Ann Brower, Alex James, Fiona Cuthill
    PLOS ONE 2020 15 1
  • Male principal investigators (almost) don’t publish with women in ecology and zoology
    Patricia E. Salerno, Mónica Páez-Vacas, Juan M. Guayasamin, Jennifer L. Stynoski, Pablo Dorta-González
    PLOS ONE 2019 14 6
  • Women in Academia and Research: An Overview of the Challenges Toward Gender Equality in Colombia and How to Move Forward
    Carolina M. Franco-Orozco, Bárbara Franco-Orozco
    Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences 2018 5
  • Gender Disparities in Medical Student Research Awards
    Joseph T. King, Nancy R. Angoff, John N. Forrest, Amy C. Justice
    Academic Medicine 2018 93 6
  • Men and women differ in their perception of gender bias in research institutions
    Judit García-González, Patricia Forcén, Maria Jimenez-Sanchez, Luís A. Nunes Amaral
    PLOS ONE 2019 14 12
  • Academic Excellence and Gender Bias in the Practices and Perceptions of Scientists in Leadership and Decision-making Positions
    Marcela Linková
    Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 2017 18 1
  • Diversity, Ability, and Expertise in Epistemic Communities
    Patrick Grim, Daniel J. Singer, Aaron Bramson, Bennett Holman, Sean McGeehan, William J. Berger
    Philosophy of Science 2019 86 1
  • V. An examination of women's professional visibility in cognitive psychology
    Jyotsna Vaid, Lisa Geraci
    Feminism & Psychology 2016 26 3
  • Gender and research funding success: Case of the Belgian F.R.S.-FNRS
    Raphaël Beck, Véronique Halloin
    Research Evaluation 2017 26 2
  • Response to “Response to Hoy, ‘Gender imbalance and brain stimulation conferences: We have a problem and it is everyone's problem’”
    Mark R. Hinder, Hakuei Fujiyama, Ann-Maree Vallence
    Brain Stimulation 2017 10 1
  • A Global Survey on the Perceptions and Impacts of Gender Inequality in the Earth and Space Sciences
    Andrea L. Popp, Stefanie R. Lutz, Sina Khatami, Tim H. M. Emmerik, Wouter J. M. Knoben
    Earth and Space Science 2019 6 8
  • Championing Institutional Goals: Academic Libraries Supporting Graduate Women in STEM
    Laura Palumbo
    The Journal of Academic Librarianship 2016 42 3
  • Gender and societies: a grassroots approach to women in science
    Alex James, Rose Chisnall, Michael J. Plank
    Royal Society Open Science 2019 6 9
  • Publication trends in transcranial magnetic stimulation: a 30-year panorama
    Aaron Lawson McLean
    Brain Stimulation 2019 12 3
  • RETRACTED ARTICLE: The association between early career informal mentorship in academic collaborations and junior author performance
    Bedoor AlShebli, Kinga Makovi, Talal Rahwan
    Nature Communications 2020 11 1
  • Self-Presentation Strategies, Fear of Success and Anticipation of Future Success among University and High School Students
    Natasza Kosakowska-Berezecka, Paweł Jurek, Tomasz Besta, Sylwia Badowska
    Frontiers in Psychology 2017 8
  • Ten Years toward Equity: Preliminary Results from a Follow-Up Case Study of Academic Computing Culture
    Tanya L. Crenshaw, Erin W. Chambers, Cinda Heeren, Heather E. Metcalf
    Frontiers in Psychology 2017 8
  • There is no magic in speaker policies: creating gender equality at brain stimulation conferences
    Anna-Katharine Brem, Soili M. Lehto, Daniel Keeser, Frank Padberg
    European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience 2017 267 S2
  • Why aren't women choosing STEM academic jobs? Observations from a small-group discussion at the 2016 American Society for Microbiology annual meeting
    Elizabeth M. Adamowicz
    FEMS Microbiology Letters 2017 364 6
  • A Network Utilization Perspective on the Leadership Advancement of Minorities
    Jasmien Khattab, Daan van Knippenberg, Anne Nederveen Pieterse, Morela Hernandez
    Academy of Management Review 2020 45 1
  • Commentary: Diversity in physics: Are you part of the problem?
    Ann Nelson
    Physics Today 2017 70 5
  • Does your child's weight influence how you judge yourself as a parent? A cross-sectional study to define and examine parental overvaluation of weight/shape
    Janet A. Lydecker, Carlos M. Grilo
    Preventive Medicine 2017 105
  • Parenthood does not explain the gender difference in clinical position in academic medicine among Swedish, Dutch and Austrian physicians
    Nikola Komlenac, Marie Gustafsson Sendén, Petra Verdonk, Margarethe Hochleitner, Heidi Siller
    Advances in Health Sciences Education 2019 24 3
  • Research fund evaluation based on academic publication output analysis: the case of Chinese research fund evaluation
    Ji-ping Gao, Cheng Su, Hai-yan Wang, Li-hua Zhai, Yun-tao Pan
    Scientometrics 2019 119 2
  • Editorial
    Amy L. Odum
    Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 2015 104 3
  • Gender Gap in Professional Entomology: Women Are Underrepresented in Academia and the U.S. Government
    Karen A Walker
    Annals of the Entomological Society of America 2018 111 6
  • Moving Beyond Metrics: A Primer for Hiring and Promoting a Diverse Workforce in Entomology and Other Natural Sciences
    Robert L. Reece, Margaret C. Hardy
    Annals of the Entomological Society of America 2017 110 5
  • Reply to Albers: Acceptance of empirical evidence for gender disparities in Dutch research funding
    Romy van der Lee, Naomi Ellemers
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2015 112 50
  • The psychology of socio-technical systems: Professionalism, power, and personality in the electricity sector
    Rudy Kahsar
    Energy Research & Social Science 2019 53
  • Assimilation Undercuts Authenticity: A Consequence of Women’s Masculine Self-Presentation in Masculine Contexts
    Rose Dormanen, Courtney S. Sanders, Joseph Maffly-Kipp, Jessi L. Smith, Matthew Vess
    Psychology of Women Quarterly 2020 44 4
  • Astronomical community: The power of being counted
    Sarah Tuttle
    Nature Astronomy 2017 1 6
  • Exacerbation of the credit assignment problem in rats with lesions of the medial prefrontal cortex is revealed by Bayesian analysis of behavior in the pre-solution period of learning
    Jiachao Wang, David S. Tait, Verity J. Brown, Eric M. Bowman
    Behavioural Brain Research 2019 372
  • Excelence a genderové předsudky v praktikách a vnímání přírodních vědců ve vedoucích a rozhodovacích pozicích
    Marcela Linková
    Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research 2017 18 1
  • Gender differences in performance of top cited scientists by field and country
    Ho Fai Chan, Benno Torgler
    Scientometrics 2020 125 3
  • How Research, Teaching, and Leadership Roles are Recommended to Male and Female Engineering Faculty Differently
    Eugene Judson, Lydia Ross, Kristi Glassmeyer
    Research in Higher Education 2019 60 7
  • Is the Political Slant of Psychology Research Related to Scientific Replicability?
    Diego A. Reinero, Julian A. Wills, William J. Brady, Peter Mende-Siedlecki, Jarret T. Crawford, Jay J. Van Bavel
    Perspectives on Psychological Science 2020 15 6
  • Is there gender bias in HIV cure research? A case study of female representation at the 2015 HIV Persistence Workshop
    Rowena Johnston, Suteeraporn Pinyakorn, Jintanat Ananworanich
    Journal of Virus Eradication 2016 2 2
  • Men Should Be Competent, Women Should Have it All: Multiple Criteria in the Evaluation of Female Job Candidates
    Silvia Moscatelli, Michela Menegatti, Naomi Ellemers, Marco Giovanni Mariani, Monica Rubini
    Sex Roles 2020 83 5-6
  • The Future of Publishing Herpetological Research: Peer Review, “Pre-Publications”, and Openness and Transparency of Data
    Richard A. Seigel
    Journal of Herpetology 2016 50 4
  • The impact of an “aha” moment on gender biases: Limited evidence for the efficacy of a game intervention that challenges gender assumptions
    Gili Freedman, Max Seidman, Mary Flanagan, Geoff Kaufman, Melanie C. Green
    Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2018 78
  • Women Physicians Among Authors of Perspective-Type Articles Published in High-Impact Pediatric Journals
    Ruth A. Etzel
    JAMA Network Open 2018 1 3
  • “It's Wrong to Exclude Girls From Something They Love.” Adolescents’ Attitudes About Sexism in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math
    Rachael D. Robnett, Jennifer E. John
    Child Development 2020 91 1
  • Academic achievement and gender among adult critical care program directors
    Brenda G. Fahy, Deborah J. Culley, Mohammed Almualim, Barbara Flores González, Rogerio Almeida Moreno Santos, Peggy White, Terrie Vasilopoulos
    Journal of Critical Care 2020
  • Actions developed by the Brazilian Physiological Society to promote women’s participation in science
    Pâmela B. Mello-Carpes, Alice Rangel de Paiva Abreu, Fernanda Staniscuaski, Mauren Assis Souza, Maria Jose Campagnole-Santos, Maria Cláudia Irigoyen
    Advances in Physiology Education 2019 43 2
  • Addressing Gender Bias in Science & Technology
    Joanna L. Grossman
    2020 1354
  • Bridging Social Innovation and Gender Equality: Possibilities and Pitfalls
    Sarah Saska, Bipasha Baruah
    SSRN Electronic Journal 2016
  • Burnout in Women Physicians
    Jeannette Wolfe
    2020
  • College Chemistry Textbooks Fail on Gender Representation
    Mona L. Becker, Melanie R. Nilsson
    Journal of Chemical Education 2021
  • Communicating as Women in STEM
    2018
  • Companion to Women's and Gender Studies
    Meg Upchurch
    2020
  • Double-blind reviewing and gender biases at EvoLang conferences: An update
    Christine Cuskley, Seán G Roberts, Stephen Politzer-Ahles, Tessa Verhoef
    Journal of Language Evolution 2019
  • Editorial
    Julia Laskin, Stephen Blanksby, Zheng Ouyang
    International Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2020 455
  • Equity and career-life balance in marine mammal science?
    Sascha K. Hooker, Samantha E. Simmons, Alison K. Stimpert, Birgitte I. McDonald
    Marine Mammal Science 2017 33 3
  • Gender differences in citation impact for 27 fields and six English-speaking countries 1996–2014
    Mike Thelwall
    Quantitative Science Studies 2020
  • Gender-based disparities in medicine: a theoretical framework for understanding opposition to equity and equality
    Shannon M Ruzycki, Allison Brown, Aleem Bharwani, Georgina Freeman
    BMJ Leader 2021
  • How Dissent on Gender Bias in Academia Affects Science and Society: Learning from the Case of Climate Change Denial
    Anna Leuschner, Manuela Fernández Pinto
    Philosophy of Science 2021
  • Is Asking What Women Want the Right Question? Underrepresentation in Philosophy and Gender Differences in Interests
    STACEY GOGUEN
    Dialogue 2018 57 2
  • Missing or seizing the opportunity? The effect of an opportunity hire on job offers to science faculty candidates
    Jill Allen, Jessi L. Smith, Lynda B. Ransdell
    Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal 2019 38 2
  • Multicultural Responsiveness in Counselling and Psychology
    Fiona Kate Barlow, Raine Vickers-Jones, Beatrice Alba, Emma Williamson, Vicki Hutton
    2021
  • Perception of male otolaryngologists on gender discrimination: a comparative study
    İlknur Haberal Can, Armağan İncesulu, Hülya Eyigör, Yeşim Şenol, Cüneyt Orhan Kara
    European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 2020
  • Perceptions of stereotypes applied to women who publicly communicate their STEM work
    Merryn McKinnon, Christine O’Connell
    Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 2020 7 1
  • Reactions to male‐favouring versus female‐favouring sex differences: A pre‐registered experiment and Southeast Asian replication
    Steve Stewart‐Williams, Chern Yi Marybeth Chang, Xiu Ling Wong, Jesse D. Blackburn, Andrew G. Thomas
    British Journal of Psychology 2020
  • Reasonable or Unwarranted? Benevolent Gender Prejudice in Education in China
    Na Li
    The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher 2021
  • Three lessons for gender equity in biodiversity conservation
    Jacqueline D. Lau
    Conservation Biology 2020 34 6
  • When You Put It that Way: Framing Gender Equality Initiatives to Improve Engagement among STEM Academics
    Lynn Farrell, Zachary W Petzel, Teresa McCormack, Rhiannon N Turner, Karen Rafferty, Ioana M Latu
    BioScience 2020
  • Who Is Writing About Women in STEM in Higher Education in the United States? A Citation Analysis of Gendered Authorship
    Heidi Blackburn, Jason Heppler
    Frontiers in Psychology 2020 10
  • Why we shouldn’t blame women for gender disparity in academia: perspectives of women in zoology
    Veronica Slobodian, Karla D.A. Soares, Rafaela L. Falaschi, Laura R. Prado, Priscila Camelier, Thaís B. Guedes, Laura C. Leal, Annie S. Hsiou, Glaucia Del-Rio, Eliza R. Costa, Karla R.C. Pereira, Annelise B. D’Angiolella, Shirliane de A. Sousa, Luisa M. Diele-Viegas
    Zoologia 2021 38
  • ‘95% of the time things have been okay’: the experience of undergraduate students in science disciplines with higher female representation
    Camilla R. Fisher, Christopher D. Thompson, Rowan H. Brookes
    International Journal of Science Education 2020 42 9

Article usage

Article usage: October 2015 to February 2021

AbstractFullPdf
Oct 2015120134254995
Nov 2015146907491425
Dec 20151015154718
Total 20152771813287138
Jan 2016899881880
Feb 20161601132921
Mar 2016760183784
Apr 20165562231233
May 2016537211708
Jun 2016602313549
Jul 2016561172522
Aug 2016317151300
Sep 2016407182455
Oct 2016494196517
Nov 2016576139579
Dec 201644354262
Total 2016775320448710
Jan 2017390236269
Feb 2017364147653
Mar 2017609386628
Apr 2017640241409
May 2017592205262
Jun 2017362136230
Jul 2017367142298
Aug 2017485712161178
Sep 20172563653598
Oct 2017811425543
Nov 20171349577412
Dec 2017768282273
Total 20171367246465753
Jan 20181186463228
Feb 2018679688353
Mar 2018867867286
Apr 2018619656265
May 2018529632254
Jun 2018602644154
Jul 2018439445111
Aug 201839738493
Sep 2018939970140
Oct 20182751271207
Nov 2018123471142
Dec 20183864981
Total 2018669381402314
Jan 2019116348142
Feb 2019158308156
Mar 20191901688212
Apr 2019179781219
May 2019117330107
Jun 201910731294
Jul 2019132214151
Aug 2019115329143
Sep 201984438168
Oct 2019127567266
Nov 2019126912155
Dec 2019126354124
Total 2019157765811937
Jan 202087380101
Feb 2020121437220
Mar 2020142362118
Apr 2020100265114
May 2020180410146
Jun 2020104393120
Jul 2020101303134
Aug 202091388109
Sep 2020313443160
Oct 2020334572145
Nov 2020162445129
Dec 202013629794
Total 2020187146951590
Jan 2021110462171
Feb 2021134402222
Total 2021244864393
Total595282829827835
PreviousNext
Back to top
Article Alerts
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on PNAS.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Quality of evidence revealing subtle gender biases in science is in the eye of the beholder
(Your Name) has sent you a message from PNAS
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the PNAS web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Gender-biased evaluations of gender-bias evidence
Ian M. Handley, Elizabeth R. Brown, Corinne A. Moss-Racusin, Jessi L. Smith
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Oct 2015, 112 (43) 13201-13206; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1510649112

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Request Permissions
Share
Gender-biased evaluations of gender-bias evidence
Ian M. Handley, Elizabeth R. Brown, Corinne A. Moss-Racusin, Jessi L. Smith
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Oct 2015, 112 (43) 13201-13206; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1510649112
Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Mendeley logo Mendeley
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 112 (43)
Table of Contents

Submit

Sign up for Article Alerts

Article Classifications

  • Social Sciences
  • Psychological and Cognitive Sciences

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Current Research
    • SI Materials and Methods
    • Results
    • SI Additional Analyses
    • Discussion
    • Limitations and Future Directions
    • Conclusion
    • Materials and Methods
    • Acknowledgments
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & SI
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

You May Also be Interested in

Surgeons hands during surgery
Inner Workings: Advances in infectious disease treatment promise to expand the pool of donor organs
Despite myriad challenges, clinicians see room for progress.
Image credit: Shutterstock/David Tadevosian.
Setting sun over a sun-baked dirt landscape
Core Concept: Popular integrated assessment climate policy models have key caveats
Better explicating the strengths and shortcomings of these models will help refine projections and improve transparency in the years ahead.
Image credit: Witsawat.S.
Double helix
Journal Club: Noncoding DNA shown to underlie function, cause limb malformations
Using CRISPR, researchers showed that a region some used to label “junk DNA” has a major role in a rare genetic disorder.
Image credit: Nathan Devery.
Steamboat Geyser eruption.
Eruption of Steamboat Geyser
Mara Reed and Michael Manga explore why Yellowstone's Steamboat Geyser resumed erupting in 2018.
Listen
Past PodcastsSubscribe
Multi-color molecular model
Enzymatic breakdown of PET plastic
A study demonstrates how two enzymes—MHETase and PETase—work synergistically to depolymerize the plastic pollutant PET.
Image credit: Aaron McGeehan (artist).

Similar Articles

Site Logo
Powered by HighWire
  • Submit Manuscript
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • RSS Feeds
  • Email Alerts

Articles

  • Current Issue
  • Special Feature Articles – Most Recent
  • List of Issues

PNAS Portals

  • Anthropology
  • Chemistry
  • Classics
  • Front Matter
  • Physics
  • Sustainability Science
  • Teaching Resources

Information

  • Authors
  • Editorial Board
  • Reviewers
  • Librarians
  • Press
  • Site Map
  • PNAS Updates

Feedback    Privacy/Legal

Copyright © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. Online ISSN 1091-6490