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Research Article

Thinking from God’s perspective decreases biased valuation of the life of a nonbeliever

Jeremy Ginges, Hammad Sheikh, Scott Atran, and Nichole Argo
  1. aDepartment of Psychology, New School for Social Research, New York, NY 10011;
  2. bARTIS International, New York, NY 10010;
  3. cInstitut Jean Nicod, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France;
  4. dJohn Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY 10019;
  5. eSchool of Social Anthropology and Harris Manchester College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TD, United Kingdom;
  6. fFord School of Public Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
  7. gDepartment of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213

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PNAS January 12, 2016 113 (2) 316-319; first published December 28, 2015; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1512120113
Jeremy Ginges
aDepartment of Psychology, New School for Social Research, New York, NY 10011;
bARTIS International, New York, NY 10010;
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  • For correspondence: gingesj@newschool.edu hammadsheikh@newschool.edu
Hammad Sheikh
aDepartment of Psychology, New School for Social Research, New York, NY 10011;
bARTIS International, New York, NY 10010;
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  • For correspondence: gingesj@newschool.edu hammadsheikh@newschool.edu
Scott Atran
bARTIS International, New York, NY 10010;
cInstitut Jean Nicod, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, F-75005 Paris, France;
dJohn Jay College of Criminal Justice, New York, NY 10019;
eSchool of Social Anthropology and Harris Manchester College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TD, United Kingdom;
fFord School of Public Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
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Nichole Argo
gDepartment of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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  1. Edited by Lee D. Ross, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and approved November 25, 2015 (received for review June 20, 2015)

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    Fig. 1.

    The percentage of participants who valued Palestinian lives over Jewish Israeli lives decreased when judging from the perspective of Allah, compared with judging from their own perspective. Error bars are 95% confidence intervals.

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    Table 1.

    Number of participants who exhibited response bias

    PerspectiveIngroup biasNo biasOutgroup bias
    Selfn = 233 (42%)n = 303 (55%)n = 16 (3%)
    Allahn = 167 (30%)n = 364 (66%)n = 18 (3%)

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How God values the lives of nonbelievers
Jeremy Ginges, Hammad Sheikh, Scott Atran, Nichole Argo
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Jan 2016, 113 (2) 316-319; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1512120113

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How God values the lives of nonbelievers
Jeremy Ginges, Hammad Sheikh, Scott Atran, Nichole Argo
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Jan 2016, 113 (2) 316-319; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1512120113
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 113 (2)
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