Optogenetic activation of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area induces reanimation from general anesthesia
- aDepartment of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114;
- bDepartment of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114;
- cDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- dMedia Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- eMcGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- fDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- gThe Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- hInstitute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
See allHide authors and affiliations
Contributed by Emery N. Brown, September 14, 2016 (sent for review February 29, 2016; reviewed by Loren M. Frank, Robert W. Gereau, and Andrew Jenkins)

Online Impact
Article Information
- Published in issue November 8, 2016.
- Published first October 24, 2016.
Author Information
- Norman E. Taylora,b,c,
- Christa J. Van Dorta,b,c,
- Jonathan D. Kennya,c,
- JunZhu Peia,c,
- Jennifer A. Guideraa,c,
- Ksenia Y. Vlasova,c,
- Justin T. Leea,c,
- Edward S. Boydenc,d,e,f,
- Emery N. Browna,b,c,g,h,1,2, and
- Ken Solta,b,c,1
- aDepartment of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114;
- bDepartment of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114;
- cDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- dMedia Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- eMcGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- fDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- gThe Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139;
- hInstitute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
Contributed by Emery N. Brown, September 14, 2016 (sent for review February 29, 2016; reviewed by Loren M. Frank, Robert W. Gereau, and Andrew Jenkins)
Footnotes
↵1E.N.B. and K.S. contributed equally to this work.
- ↵2To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: enb{at}neurostat.mit.edu.
Author contributions: N.E.T., C.J.V.D., E.N.B., and K.S. designed research; N.E.T. performed research; C.J.V.D., E.S.B., and E.N.B. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; N.E.T., J.D.K., J.P., J.A.G., K.Y.V., J.T.L., E.N.B., and K.S. analyzed data; and N.E.T. and K.S. wrote the paper.
Reviewers: L.M.F., Howard Hughes Medical Institute; R.W.G., Washington University; and A.J., Emory University School of Medicine.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Cited By...
This article has been cited by the following articles in journals that are participating in Crossref Cited-by Linking.
- Jounhong Ryan Cho, Jennifer B. Treweek, J. Elliott Robinson, Cheng Xiao, Lindsay R. Bremner, Alon Greenbaum, Viviana GradinaruNeuron 2017 94 6
- Xiao Yu, Wen Li, Ying Ma, Kyoko Tossell, Julia J. Harris, Edward C. Harding, Wei Ba, Giulia Miracca, Dan Wang, Long Li, Juan Guo, Ming Chen, Yuqi Li, Raquel Yustos, Alexei L. Vyssotski, Denis Burdakov, Qianzi Yang, Hailong Dong, Nicholas P. Franks, William WisdenNature Neuroscience 2019 22 1
- Ada Eban-Rothschild, Lior Appelbaum, Luis de LeceaNeuropsychopharmacology 2018 43 5
- Dinesh Pal, Jon G. Dean, Tiecheng Liu, Duan Li, Christopher J. Watson, Anthony G. Hudetz, George A. MashourCurrent Biology 2018 28 13
- Hugh C. Hemmings, Paul M. Riegelhaupt, Max B. Kelz, Ken Solt, Roderic G. Eckenhoff, Beverley A. Orser, Peter A. GoldsteinTrends in Pharmacological Sciences 2019 40 7
- Ada Eban-Rothschild, William J Giardino, Luis de LeceaCurrent Opinion in Neurobiology 2017 44
- Li-Feng Jiang-Xie, Luping Yin, Shengli Zhao, Vincent Prevosto, Bao-Xia Han, Kafui Dzirasa, Fan WangNeuron 2019 102 5
- Honghai Zhang, Haiting Zhao, Chang Zeng, Christa Van Dort, Carl L. Faingold, Norman E. Taylor, Ken Solt, Hua-Jun FengNeurobiology of Disease 2018 110
- Marta Brocka, Cornelia Helbing, Daniel Vincenz, Thomas Scherf, Dirk Montag, Jürgen Goldschmidt, Frank Angenstein, Michael LippertNeuroImage 2018 177
- Xiao Yu, Nicholas P. Franks, William WisdenFrontiers in Neural Circuits 2018 12
- Sweyta Lohani, Adria K. Martig, Karl Deisseroth, Ilana B. Witten, Bita MoghaddamCell Reports 2019 27 1
- Cigdem Gelegen, Giulia Miracca, Mingzi Z. Ran, Edward C. Harding, Zhiwen Ye, Xiao Yu, Kyoko Tossell, Catriona M. Houston, Raquel Yustos, Edwin D. Hawkins, Alexei L. Vyssotski, Hailong L. Dong, William Wisden, Nicholas P. FranksCurrent Biology 2018 28 4
- Natalie Nevárez, Luis de LeceaF1000Research 2018 7
- Wei Zhou, Kevin Cheung, Steven Kyu, Lynn Wang, Zhonghui Guan, Philip A. Kurien, Philip E. Bickler, Lily Y. JanProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2018 115 45
- Max B. Kelz, George A. MashourCurrent Biology 2019 29 22
- Giancarlo Vanini, Marina Bassana, Megumi Mast, Alejandra Mondino, Ivo Cerda, Margaret Phyle, Vivian Chen, Angelo V. Colmenero, Viviane S. Hambrecht-Wiedbusch, George A. MashourCurrent Biology 2020 30 5
- Ksenia Vlasov, Christa J. Van Dort, Ken Solt2018 603
- Allen K. Bourdon, Giovanna Maria Spano, William Marshall, Michele Bellesi, Giulio Tononi, Pier Andrea Serra, Helen A. Baghdoyan, Ralph Lydic, Shawn R. Campagna, Chiara CirelliScientific Reports 2018 8 1
- Toshiharu Ichinose, Hiromu Tanimoto, Nobuhiro YamagataFrontiers in Systems Neuroscience 2017 11
- Karim Fifel, Johanna H. Meijer, Tom DeboerScientific Reports 2018 8 1
- Max B. Kelz, Paul S. García, George A. Mashour, Ken SoltAnesthesia & Analgesia 2019 128 4
- Ming-Liang Zhao, Shi-Jin Chen, Xiao-Hong Li, Li-Na Wang, Feng Chen, Shi-Jiang Zhong, Cheng Yang, Sheng-Kai Sun, Jian-Jun Li, Hua-Jiang Dong, Yue-Qing Dong, Yi Wang, Chong Chen, Ling-Qiang ZhuJournal of Alzheimer's Disease 2018 63 1
- Henning M. Reimann, Thoralf NiendorfFrontiers in Systems Neuroscience 2020 14
- Ada Eban-Rothschild, Luis de LeceaF1000Research 2017 6
- Tianyuan Luo, Shouyang Yu, Shuang Cai, Yu Zhang, Yingfu Jiao, Tian Yu, Weifeng YuFrontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 2018 11
- J. Li, H. Li, D. Wang, Y. Guo, X. Zhang, M. Ran, C. Yang, Q. Yang, H. DongBritish Journal of Anaesthesia 2019 123 4
- Tian-Xiao Wang, Bo Xiong, Wei Xu, Hao-Hua Wei, Wei-Min Qu, Zong-Yuan Hong, Zhi-Li HuangAnesthesiology 2019 130 1
- Jia Li, Tian Yu, Fu Shi, Yu Zhang, Zikun Duan, Bao Fu, Yi ZhangNeurochemical Research 2018 43 4
- Marco Cascella, Sabrina Bimonte, Maria Rosaria MuzioWorld Journal of Methodology 2018 8 2
- S. Gao, A. Proekt, N. Renier, D. P. Calderon, D. W. PfaffNature Communications 2019 10 1
- Robert Fong, Lingzhi Wang, James P. Zacny, Suhail Khokhar, Jeffrey L. Apfelbaum, Aaron P. Fox, Zheng XieAnesthesiology 2018 129 5
- José Luis Pérez-López, Rubén Contreras-López, Josué O. Ramírez-Jarquín, Fatuel TecuapetlaFrontiers in Neural Circuits 2018 12
- Hao Liu, Xuemei Zhou, Yingying Wang, Menglu Yang, Xiaohui Xu, Ailing WuJournal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology 2019 49
- Sebastiano Alfio Torrisi, Gian Marco Leggio, Filippo Drago, Salvatore SalomoneFrontiers in Pharmacology 2019 10
- Madalena Esteves, António M. Almeida, Joana Silva, Pedro Silva Moreira, Emanuel Carvalho, José Miguel Pêgo, Armando Almeida, Ioannis Sotiropoulos, Nuno Sousa, Hugo Leite-AlmeidaJournal of Neuroscience Methods 2019 324
- Patricia Pais-Roldán, Brian L. Edlow, Yuanyuan Jiang, Johannes Stelzer, Ming Zou, Xin YuNeuroImage 2019 189
- Anne Venner, William D Todd, Jimmy Fraigne, Hannah Bowrey, Ada Eban-Rothschild, Satvinder Kaur, Christelle AnacletSleep 2019 42 5
- Brian L. Edlow, Megan E. Barra, David W. Zhou, Andrea S. Foulkes, Samuel B. Snider, Zachary D. Threlkeld, Sourish Chakravarty, John E. Kirsch, Suk-tak Chan, Steven L. Meisler, Thomas P. Bleck, Joseph J. Fins, Joseph T. Giacino, Leigh R. Hochberg, Ken Solt, Emery N. Brown, Yelena G. BodienNeurocritical Care 2020 33 2
- Tommer Nir, Ayelet Or-Borichev, Evgeny Izraitel, Talma Hendler, Yulia Lerner, Idit MatotBritish Journal of Anaesthesia 2019 123 3
- Robert Fong, Suhail Khokhar, Atif N. Chowdhury, Kelvin G Xie, Josiah Hiu-Yuen Wong, Aaron P. Fox, Zheng XieJournal of Neurophysiology 2017 118 3
- Disrupted Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Schizophrenia and Their Interaction With Dopamine SignalingAnna Ashton, Aarti JagannathFrontiers in Neuroscience 2020 14
- D. Eacret, S.C. Veasey, J.A. BlendyMolecular Pharmacology 2020 98 4
- Ailing Wu, Yingying Wang, Su Min, Hao Liu, Fei XieJournal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology 2018 46
- Sjoerd R Murris, John T Arsenault, Wim VanduffelCerebral Cortex 2020 30 8
- Lu Yin, Long Li, Jiao Deng, Dan Wang, YongXin Guo, XinXin Zhang, HuiMing Li, ShiYi Zhao, HaiXing Zhong, HaiLong DongFrontiers in Neural Circuits 2019 13
- Sijia Gao, Diany Paola CalderonScientific Reports 2020 10 1
- Sabine Gretenkord, Bas M. J. Olthof, Myrto Stylianou, Adrian Rees, Sarah E. Gartside, Fiona E. N. LeBeauEuropean Journal of Neuroscience 2020 52 2
- Tian-Yuan Luo, Shuang Cai, Zai-Xun Qin, Shao-Cheng Yang, Yue Shu, Cheng-Xi Liu, Yu Zhang, Lin Zhang, Liang Zhou, Tian Yu, Shou-Yang YuFrontiers in Neuroscience 2020 14
- Shangchen Xie, Wenjuan Ma, Minxue Shen, Qulian Guo, E Wang, Changsheng Huang, Yueling Wang, Xiang Chen, Zhaoqian Liu, Wei Zhang, Howard L McLeod, Yijing HePharmacogenomics 2018 19 14
- S. Mohammad Ahmadi-Soleimani, Vajiheh Mianbandi, Hossein Azizi, Hassan Azhdari-Zarmehri, Masoumeh Ghaemi-Jandabi, Alireza Abbasi-Mazar, Yousef Mohajer, Saeed Pashapour DaranaBehavioural Brain Research 2020 391
- Chengxi Liu, Xiao Zhou, Qiuyu Zhu, Bao Fu, Song Cao, Yu Zhang, Lin Zhang, Yi Zhang, Tian YuCNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics 2020 26 11
- Dan Wang, Yongxin Guo, Huiming Li, Jiannan Li, Mingzi Ran, Juan Guo, Lu Yin, Shiyi Zhao, Qianzi Yang, Hailong DongBritish Journal of Anaesthesia 2021 126 1
- Takato Honda, Yohko Takata, Yoan Cherasse, Seiya Mizuno, Fumihiro Sugiyama, Satoru Takahashi, Hiromasa Funato, Masashi Yanagisawa, Michael Lazarus, Yo OishiiScience 2020 23 6
- Louise M. Steele, Philip G. Morgan2018 602
- Aaron G. Baer, Allen K. Bourdon, Joshua M. Price, Shawn R. Campagna, Daniel A. Jacobson, Helen A. Baghdoyan, Ralph LydicJournal of Neurophysiology 2020 124 6
- Eric D. Melonakos, Olivia A. Moody, Ksenia Nikolaeva, Risako Kato, Christa J. Nehs, Ken SoltAnesthesiology 2020 133 1
- Monika Vrajová, Romana Šlamberová, Cyril Hoschl, Saak V OvsepianSleep 2021
- Jesus Javier Ballesteros, Jessica Blair Briscoe, Yumiko IshizawaeLife 2020 9
- Ksenia Vlasov, JunZhu Pei, Christa J. Nehs, Jennifer A. Guidera, Edlyn R. Zhang, Jonathan D. Kenny, Timothy T. Houle, Gary J. Brenner, Norman E. Taylor, Ken SoltAnesthesia & Analgesia 2021
- Yawen Ao, Bo Yang, Caiju Zhang, Sirui Li, Haibo XuBrain and Behavior 2021 11 1
- Shin Yanagihara, Maki Ikebuchi, Chihiro Mori, Ryosuke O. Tachibana, Kazuo OkanoyaFrontiers in Neuroscience 2020 14
- Benjamin F. GruenbaumBritish Journal of Anaesthesia 2021 126 1
- Olivia A. Moody, Edlyn R. Zhang, Vipin Arora, Risako Kato, Joseph F. Cotten, Ken SoltFrontiers in Pharmacology 2020 11
- Gaolin Qiu, Ying Wu, Zeyong Yang, Long Li, Xiaona Zhu, Yiqiao Wang, Wenzhi Sun, Hailong Dong, Yuanhai Li, Ji HuAnesthesiology 2020 133 2
- Yi Zhang, Huan Gui, Lang Hu, Chengxi Li, Jie Zhang, Xiaoli LiangBrain and Behavior 2021 11 1
- Fabio García-García, Sergio Priego-Fernández, Luis Angel López-Muciño, Mario Eduardo Acosta-Hernández, Carolina Peña-EscuderoAlcohol 2021
- Daiqiang Liu, Jiayan Li, Jiayi Wu, Jiaqi Dai, Xinfeng Chen, Yujie Huang, Shuang Zhang, Bo Tian, Wei MeiFrontiers in Neural Circuits 2020 14
- Diany P. Calderon, Nicholas D. SchiffCurrent Opinion in Neurology 2021 34 1
- Mohammed Taghi Mansouri, Paul S. GarcíaAnesthesia & Analgesia 2021
- Andrea I. Luppi, Lennart R. B. Spindler, David K. Menon, Emmanuel A. StamatakisFrontiers in Neuroscience 2021 15
- Ken SoltTrends in Cognitive Sciences 2018 22 11
Article usage
Citation Manager Formats
Article Classifications
- Biological Sciences
- Neuroscience