Skip to main content
  • Submit
  • About
    • Editorial Board
    • PNAS Staff
    • FAQ
    • Rights and Permissions
    • Site Map
  • Contact
  • Journal Club
  • Subscribe
    • Subscription Rates
    • Subscriptions FAQ
    • Open Access
    • Recommend PNAS to Your Librarian
  • Log in
  • My Cart

Main menu

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current
    • Latest Articles
    • Special Features
    • Colloquia
    • Collected Articles
    • PNAS Classics
    • Archive
  • Front Matter
  • News
    • For the Press
    • Highlights from Latest Articles
    • PNAS in the News
  • Podcasts
  • Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Purpose and Scope
    • Editorial and Journal Policies
    • Submission Procedures
    • For Reviewers
    • Author FAQ
  • Submit
  • About
    • Editorial Board
    • PNAS Staff
    • FAQ
    • Rights and Permissions
    • Site Map
  • Contact
  • Journal Club
  • Subscribe
    • Subscription Rates
    • Subscriptions FAQ
    • Open Access
    • Recommend PNAS to Your Librarian

User menu

  • Log in
  • My Cart

Search

  • Advanced search
Home
Home

Advanced Search

  • Home
  • Articles
    • Current
    • Latest Articles
    • Special Features
    • Colloquia
    • Collected Articles
    • PNAS Classics
    • Archive
  • Front Matter
  • News
    • For the Press
    • Highlights from Latest Articles
    • PNAS in the News
  • Podcasts
  • Authors
    • Information for Authors
    • Purpose and Scope
    • Editorial and Journal Policies
    • Submission Procedures
    • For Reviewers
    • Author FAQ

New Research In

Physical Sciences

Featured Portals

  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Sustainability Science

Articles by Topic

  • Applied Mathematics
  • Applied Physical Sciences
  • Astronomy
  • Computer Sciences
  • Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
  • Engineering
  • Environmental Sciences
  • Mathematics
  • Statistics

Social Sciences

Featured Portals

  • Anthropology
  • Sustainability Science

Articles by Topic

  • Economic Sciences
  • Environmental Sciences
  • Political Sciences
  • Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
  • Social Sciences

Biological Sciences

Featured Portals

  • Sustainability Science

Articles by Topic

  • Agricultural Sciences
  • Anthropology
  • Applied Biological Sciences
  • Biochemistry
  • Biophysics and Computational Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Ecology
  • Environmental Sciences
  • Evolution
  • Genetics
  • Immunology and Inflammation
  • Medical Sciences
  • Microbiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Physiology
  • Plant Biology
  • Population Biology
  • Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
  • Sustainability Science
  • Systems Biology

Neuroadaptive technology enables implicit cursor control based on medial prefrontal cortex activity

Thorsten O. Zander, Laurens R. Krol, Niels P. Birbaumer, and Klaus Gramann
PNAS December 27, 2016 113 (52) 14898-14903; published ahead of print December 12, 2016 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1605155114
Thorsten O. Zander
aBiological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany;bTeam PhyPA (Physiological Parameters for Adaptation) Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: tzander@gmail.com
Laurens R. Krol
aBiological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany;bTeam PhyPA (Physiological Parameters for Adaptation) Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Niels P. Birbaumer
cInstitute for Medical Psychology and Behavioural Neurobiology, University Tübingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany;dWyss Center for Bio and Neuroengineering, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland;
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Klaus Gramann
aBiological Psychology and Neuroergonomics, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany;eCenter for Advanced Neurological Engineering, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  1. Edited by Terrence J. Sejnowski, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, and approved November 14, 2016 (received for review March 30, 2016)

  • Article
  • Figures & SI
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF
Loading

Article Figures & SI

Figures

  • Fig. 1.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    Fig. 1.

    Neurophysiological analysis. (A) Grand average ERP at Fz (n = 19) time-locked to cursor movement, divided into eight groups depending on angular deviance. (B) Peak amplitudes around 180 ms for the ERP in A, and mean classifier output for cursor movements sorted by angular deviance with selected significant differences indicated (***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, *P < 0.05). (C) Grand average ERP (n = 19) projected through the sources focused on in the third time window (150–200 ms; indicated in gray). (D) Scalp map of difference-between-classes activity that contributed to classification in the third time window. (E) Source localization for the third time window.

  • Fig. 2.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    Fig. 2.

    Cursor behavior and user model generation. (A) Sample online cursor movements. Also indicated: selected movement directions, their relative angular deviance, and class membership (calibration phase). Movements with an angular deviance >0°, <135° (e.g., gray arrows) were not in the training set. (B) User model evolution during the movements in A based on movement classifications. Ground truth is taken from button presses. (C) The mean final user model representing the directional probabilities/preferences upon reaching the target, grouped by absolute target position.

  • Fig. 3.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    Fig. 3.

    Performance measure distributions for nonsupported, online, and perfectly reinforced cursor movements on the two online grid sizes. (A) Performance on the 4 × 4 grids. (B) Performance on the 6 × 6 grids. All differences between the three conditions are significant (P < 0.025). Whiskers cover ±2.7σ.

Data supplements

  • Supporting Information

    • Download Supporting Information (PDF)
    • Download Appendix (PDF)
    • Download Movie_S01 (MP4) - Event-related potential at electrode Fz, and class-correlated scalp activity derived from the LDA filter weights of sequential 50-ms time windows, spanning the 400 ms used for classification.
    • Download Movie_S02 (MP4) - Dipole densities weighted by relevance for classification in sequential 50-ms time windows, spanning the 400 ms used for classification.
    • Download Movie_S03 (MP4) - Online experimental stimuli accompanied by classification output, illustrating the online process and outcome.
    • Download Movie_S04 (MP4) - Offline experimental stimuli.
PreviousNext
Back to top
Article Alerts
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on PNAS.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Neuroadaptive technology enables implicit cursor control based on medial prefrontal cortex activity
(Your Name) has sent you a message from PNAS
(Your Name) thought you would like to see the PNAS web site.
Citation Tools
Toward neuroadaptive technology
Thorsten O. Zander, Laurens R. Krol, Niels P. Birbaumer, Klaus Gramann
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Dec 2016, 113 (52) 14898-14903; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605155114

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Request Permissions
Share
Toward neuroadaptive technology
Thorsten O. Zander, Laurens R. Krol, Niels P. Birbaumer, Klaus Gramann
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Dec 2016, 113 (52) 14898-14903; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605155114
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Mendeley logo Mendeley
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 116 (8)
Current Issue

Submit

Sign up for Article Alerts

Jump to section

  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Results
    • Discussion
    • Materials and Methods
    • Acknowledgments
    • Footnotes
    • References
  • Figures & SI
  • Info & Metrics
  • PDF

You May Also be Interested in

Several aspects of the proposal, which aims to expand open access, require serious discussion and, in some cases, a rethink.
Opinion: “Plan S” falls short for society publishers—and for the researchers they serve
Several aspects of the proposal, which aims to expand open access, require serious discussion and, in some cases, a rethink.
Image credit: Dave Cutler (artist).
Several large or long-lived animals seem strangely resistant to developing cancer. Elucidating the reasons why could lead to promising cancer-fighting strategies in humans.
Core Concept: Solving Peto’s Paradox to better understand cancer
Several large or long-lived animals seem strangely resistant to developing cancer. Elucidating the reasons why could lead to promising cancer-fighting strategies in humans.
Image credit: Shutterstock.com/ronnybas frimages.
Featured Profile
PNAS Profile of NAS member and biochemist Hao Wu
 Nonmonogamous strawberry poison frog (Oophaga pumilio).  Image courtesy of Yusan Yang (University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh).
Putative signature of monogamy
A study suggests a putative gene-expression hallmark common to monogamous male vertebrates of some species, namely cichlid fishes, dendrobatid frogs, passeroid songbirds, common voles, and deer mice, and identifies 24 candidate genes potentially associated with monogamy.
Image courtesy of Yusan Yang (University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh).
Active lifestyles. Image courtesy of Pixabay/MabelAmber.
Meaningful life tied to healthy aging
Physical and social well-being in old age are linked to self-assessments of life worth, and a spectrum of behavioral, economic, health, and social variables may influence whether aging individuals believe they are leading meaningful lives.
Image courtesy of Pixabay/MabelAmber.

More Articles of This Classification

Physical Sciences

  • Deep elastic strain engineering of bandgap through machine learning
  • Single-molecule excitation–emission spectroscopy
  • Microscopic description of acid–base equilibrium
Show more

Computer Sciences

  • Scaling up analogical innovation with crowds and AI
  • News Feature: What are the limits of deep learning?
  • Modeling stochastic processes in disease spread across a heterogeneous social system
Show more

Biological Sciences

  • Structural basis for activity of TRIC counter-ion channels in calcium release
  • PGC1A regulates the IRS1:IRS2 ratio during fasting to influence hepatic metabolism downstream of insulin
  • Altered neural odometry in the vertical dimension
Show more

Neuroscience

  • Altered neural odometry in the vertical dimension
  • Insulin signaling in the hippocampus and amygdala regulates metabolism and neurobehavior
  • The glutathione cycle shapes synaptic glutamate activity
Show more

Related Content

  • No related articles found.
  • Scopus
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited by...

  • No citing articles found.
  • Scopus (17)
  • Google Scholar

Similar Articles

Site Logo
Powered by HighWire
  • Submit Manuscript
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • RSS Feeds
  • Email Alerts

Articles

  • Current Issue
  • Latest Articles
  • Archive

PNAS Portals

  • Classics
  • Front Matter
  • Teaching Resources
  • Anthropology
  • Chemistry
  • Physics
  • Sustainability Science

Information

  • Authors
  • Editorial Board
  • Reviewers
  • Press
  • Site Map

Feedback    Privacy/Legal

Copyright © 2019 National Academy of Sciences. Online ISSN 1091-6490