Although the evidence is still limited, a growing body of research suggests music may have beneficial effects for diseases such as Parkinson’s.
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In our paper, “How jet lag impairs Major League Baseball performance,” we describe performance reductions in teams as a function of travel across time zones and attribute these effects to jet lag (1). The letter by Joly (2) raises the issue of correlation versus causation, implying that we cannot conclude that jet lag causes these effects. In cases where laboratory studies or prospective controlled intervention trials are not possible or are difficult, retrospective studies in natural settings can be valuable. Nonetheless, …
↵1To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: r-allada{at}northwestern.edu.