The much-ballyhooed artificial intelligence approach boasts impressive feats but still falls short of human brainpower. Researchers are determined to figure out what’s missing.
Image credit: Shutterstock.com/MONOPOLY919.
New Research In
Physical Sciences
Featured Portals
Articles by Topic
Biological Sciences
Featured Portals
Articles by Topic
Contributed by Steven P. Briggs, November 16, 2017 (sent for review October 18, 2017; reviewed by Alex Jones and Wenbo Ma)
Article Figures & SI
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Overview of treatments and proteome profiling. (A) Susceptible hm1A plants were exposed to a mock HCT solution or 100 μM HCT, HCT-deficient (Tox−), or HCT-producing (Tox+) strain of C. carbonum race 1. For each condition, four biological replicates were collected 22 h posttreatment to quantify protein abundance (iTRAQ) and acetylation levels (spectral counting). (B) Summary of sampled spectra, peptides, acetylated peptides, and identified proteins. Ac, acetylated; AcK, acetylated lysine; FDR, false discovery rate; NA, not applicable.
- Fig. 2.
HCT increases the levels of tryptophan biosynthetic proteins. (A) Overlap of protein abundance changes in response to treatments. (B) All detected proteins related to each step in tryptophan biosynthesis are shown. Heat maps represent the relative abundance of each protein following treatment by HCT, Tox−, or Tox+ relative to mock treatment.
- Fig. 3.
Dynamics of protein abundance and acetylation. (A) Spectral counts of the peptide corresponding to tetra-acetylation of H4 lysines 5, 8, 12, and 16. Data are means of four independent biological replicates ± SEM. (B) Western blot confirmation of H4 tetra-acetylation quantified by proteomics. (C) Overlap of acetylated peptides that change in response to treatments. (D) Number of acetylation sites that are altered, relative to mock treatment, by HCT, Tox−, or Tox+ treatment. (E) Number of GO categories related to transcriptional response, defense, or any other process (Other) that are overrepresented in HCT, Tox−, or Tox+ treatment. Reg., regulation.
- Fig. 4.
Diverse maize proteins are acetylated. Proteins from 32 of 35 major MapMan bins are acetylated.
Data supplements
Fungal-induced protein hyperacetylation
Sign up for Article Alerts
Jump to section
You May Also be Interested in
Art therapy often appears to work. But why might creating abstract art from papier-mâché and pastel help access, explicate, and even soothe the pain of a traumatic experience or condition?
Image credit: the National Intrepid Center of Excellence.
PNAS QnAs with NAS member and molecular biologist Steven A. Kliewer
Holographic acoustic tweezers, in which ultrasonic waves produced by arrays of sound emitters are used to individually manipulate up to 25 millimeter-sized particles in three dimensions, could be used to create 3D displays consisting of levitating physical voxels.
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived medial ganglionic eminence cells alleviate chronic epilepsy in rats, raising the possibility of autologous grafts, which could preclude the need for immune suppression after grafting and promote long-term graft–host integration.