Muons penetrate much further than X-rays, they do essentially zero damage, and they are provided for free by the cosmos.
Image credit: Science Source/Digital Globe.
Edited by Thomas D. Albright, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, and approved April 30, 2018 (received for review December 13, 2017)
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- Published in issue June 12, 2018.
- Published first May 29, 2018.
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- Previous version (May 29, 2018 - 08:11).
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Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND).
Author Information
- P. Jonathon Phillipsa,1,
- Amy N. Yatesa,
- Ying Hub,
- Carina A. Hahnb,
- Eilidh Noyesb,
- Kelsey Jacksonb,
- Jacqueline G. Cavazosb,
- Géraldine Jeckelnb,
- Rajeev Ranjanc,
- Swami Sankaranarayananc,
- Jun-Cheng Chend,
- Carlos D. Castillod,
- Rama Chellappac,
- David Whitee, and
- Alice J. O’Tooleb
- aInformation Access Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899;
- bSchool of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080;
- cDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20854;
- dUniversity of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20854;
- eSchool of Psychology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Edited by Thomas D. Albright, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, and approved April 30, 2018 (received for review December 13, 2017)
Footnotes
- ↵1To whom correspondence should be addressed. Email: jonathon{at}nist.gov.
Author contributions: P.J.P., A.N.Y., D.W., and A.J.O. designed research; R.R., S.S., J.-C.C., C.D.C., and R.C. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; P.J.P., A.N.Y., Y.H., C.A.H., E.N., K.J., J.G.C., G.J., and A.J.O. analyzed data; R.R., S.S., J.-C.C., C.D.C., and R.C. implemented and ran the face recognition algorithms; and P.J.P. and A.J.O. wrote the paper.
Conflict of interest statement: The University of Maryland is filing a US patent application that will cover portions of algorithms A2017a and A2017b. R.R., C.D.C., and R.C. are coinventors on this patent.
This article is a PNAS Direct Submission.
This article contains supporting information online at www.pnas.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1073/pnas.1721355115/-/DCSupplemental.
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Face recognition accuracy of forensic examiners, superrecognizers, and face recognition algorithms
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- Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
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