Table of Contents

Biological Sciences

• Applied Biological Sciences

  • You have access

    Imaging in vivo acetylcholine release in the peripheral nervous system with a fluorescent nanosensor

    Junfei Xia, Hongrong Yang, Michelle Mu, Nicholas Micovic, Kira E. Poskanzer, James R. Monaghan, and Heather A. Clark

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2023807118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023807118

• Biochemistry

  • You have access

    Structural analyses of an RNA stability element interacting with poly(A)

    Seyed-Fakhreddin Torabi, Yen-Lin Chen, Kaiming Zhang, Jimin Wang, Suzanne J. DeGregorio, Anand T. Vaidya, Zhaoming Su, Suzette A. Pabit, Wah Chiu, Lois Pollack, and Joan A. Steitz

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2026656118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026656118
  • Open Access

    Structure of Gcn1 bound to stalled and colliding 80S ribosomes

    Agnieszka A. Pochopien, Bertrand Beckert, Sergo Kasvandik, Otto Berninghausen, Roland Beckmann, Tanel Tenson, and Daniel N. Wilson

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2022756118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022756118
  • You have access

    CLK1 reorganizes the splicing factor U1-70K for early spliceosomal protein assembly

    Brandon E. Aubol, Jacob M. Wozniak, Laurent Fattet, David J. Gonzalez, and Joseph A. Adams

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2018251118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018251118
  • Open Access

    Substrate discrimination and quality control require each catalytic activity of TRAMP and the nuclear RNA exosome

    Mom Das, Dimitrios Zattas, John C. Zinder, Elizabeth V. Wasmuth, Julien Henri, and Christopher D. Lima

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2024846118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024846118
  • You have access

    The crystal structure of a 250-kDa heterotetrameric particle explains inhibition of sheddase meprin β by endogenous fetuin-B

    Ulrich Eckhard, Hagen Körschgen, Nele von Wiegen, Walter Stöcker, and F. Xavier Gomis-Rüth

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2023839118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023839118
  • Open Access

    Crystal structure of schizorhodopsin reveals mechanism of inward proton pumping

    Akimitsu Higuchi, Wataru Shihoya, Masae Konno, Tatsuya Ikuta, Hideki Kandori, Keiichi Inoue, and Osamu Nureki

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2016328118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016328118

• Biophysics and Computational Biology

  • Open Access

    Deep generative selection models of T and B cell receptor repertoires with soNNia

    Giulio Isacchini, Aleksandra M. Walczak, Thierry Mora, and Armita Nourmohammad

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2023141118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023141118
  • You have access

    Mapping temperature-dependent conformational change in the voltage-sensing domain of an engineered heat-activated K⁺ channel

    Hongbo Chen, Jiahua Deng, Qiang Cui, Baron Chanda, and Katherine Henzler-Wildman

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2017280118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017280118
  • You have access

    The structure of a minimum amyloid fibril core formed by necroptosis-mediating RHIM of human RIPK3

    Xialian Wu, Yeyang Ma, Kun Zhao, Jing Zhang, Yunpeng Sun, Yichen Li, Xingqi Dong, Hong Hu, Jing Liu, Jian Wang, Xia Zhang, Bing Li, Huayi Wang, Dan Li, Bo Sun, Junxia Lu, and Cong Liu

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2022933118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022933118
  • You have access

    Direct single-molecule imaging for diagnostic and blood screening assays

    Qiaoqiao Ruan, Patrick J. Macdonald, Kerry M. Swift, and Sergey Y. Tetin

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2025033118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025033118
  • You have access

    The myosin II coiled-coil domain atomic structure in its native environment

    Hamidreza Rahmani, Wen Ma, Zhongjun Hu, Nadia Daneshparvar, Dianne W. Taylor, J. Andrew McCammon, Thomas C. Irving, Robert J. Edwards, and Kenneth A. Taylor

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2024151118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024151118

• Cell Biology

  • Open Access

    Nanoanalytical analysis of bisphosphonate-driven alterations of microcalcifications using a 3D hydrogel system and in vivo mouse model

    Jessica L. Ruiz, Joshua D. Hutcheson, Luis Cardoso, Amirala Bakhshian Nik, Alexandra Condado de Abreu, Tan Pham, Fabrizio Buffolo, Sara Busatto, Stefania Federici, Andrea Ridolfi, Masanori Aikawa, Sergio Bertazzo, Paolo Bergese, Sheldon Weinbaum, and Elena Aikawa

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e1811725118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1811725118
  • You have access

    Selective autophagy of AKAP11 activates cAMP/PKA to fuel mitochondrial metabolism and tumor cell growth

    Zhiqiang Deng, Xianting Li, Marian Blanca Ramirez, Kerry Purtell, Insup Choi, Jia-Hong Lu, Qin Yu, and Zhenyu Yue

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2020215118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020215118

• Developmental Biology

  • You have access

    The nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio directly regulates zygotic transcription in Drosophila through multiple modalities

    Sahla Syed, Henry Wilky, João Raimundo, Bomyi Lim, and Amanda A. Amodeo

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2010210118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010210118
  • Open Access

    A single-cell resolution developmental atlas of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell expansion in zebrafish

    Jun Xia, Zhixin Kang, Yuanyuan Xue, Yanyan Ding, Suwei Gao, Yifan Zhang, Peng Lv, Xinyu Wang, Dongyuan Ma, Lu Wang, Jing-Dong J. Han, and Feng Liu

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2015748118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015748118

• Ecology

  • You have access

    Invasiveness is linked to greater commercial success in the global pet trade

    • From the Cover

    Jérôme M. W. Gippet and Cleo Bertelsmeier

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2016337118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016337118

• Evolution

  • Open Access

    An ancient, conserved gene regulatory network led to the rise of oral venom systems

    • From the Cover

    Agneesh Barua and Alexander S. Mikheyev

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2021311118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021311118
  • Open Access

    A unique Malpighian tubule architecture in Tribolium castaneum informs the evolutionary origins of systemic osmoregulation in beetles

    Takashi Koyama, Muhammad Tayyib Naseem, Dennis Kolosov, Camilla Trang Vo, Duncan Mahon, Amanda Sofie Seger Jakobsen, Rasmus Lycke Jensen, Barry Denholm, Michael O’Donnell, and Kenneth Veland Halberg

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2023314118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023314118

• Genetics

  • Open Access

    Perfect Match Genomic Landscape strategy: Refinement and customization of reference genomes

    Kim Palacios-Flores, Jair García-Sotelo, Alejandra Castillo, Carina Uribe, Lucía Morales, Margareta Boege, Guillermo Dávila, Margarita Flores, and Rafael Palacios

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2025192118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025192118
  • Open Access

    Use of NAD tagSeq II to identify growth phase-dependent alterations in E. coli RNA NAD⁺ capping

    Hailei Zhang, Huan Zhong, Xufeng Wang, Shoudong Zhang, Xiaojian Shao, Hao Hu, Zhiling Yu, Zongwei Cai, Xuemei Chen, and Yiji Xia

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2026183118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026183118

    See companion article:

    • SPAAC-NAD-seq, a sensitive and accurate method to profile NAD⁺-capped transcripts

      - Mar 22, 2021
  • You have access

    Modeling DNA trapping of anticancer therapeutic targets using missense mutations identifies dominant synthetic lethal interactions

    Akil Hamza, Leanne Amitzi, Lina Ma, Maureen R. M. Driessen, Nigel J. O'Neil, and Philip Hieter

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2100240118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100240118

    See companion article:

    • Setting molecular traps in yeast for identification of anticancer drug targets

      - Apr 14, 2021
  • Open Access

    ZYP1 is required for obligate cross-over formation and cross-over interference in Arabidopsis

    Martin G. France, Janina Enderle, Sarah Röhrig, Holger Puchta, F. Chris H. Franklin, and James D. Higgins

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2021671118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021671118

    See companion article:

    • The synaptonemal complex imposes crossover interference and heterochiasmy in Arabidopsis

      - Mar 15, 2021

    See companion article:

    • Crossover interference: Just ZYP it

      - Mar 30, 2021
  • You have access

    Upgraded CRISPR/Cas9 tools for tissue-specific mutagenesis in Drosophila

    Gabriel T. Koreman, Yineng Xu, Qinan Hu, Zijing Zhang, Sarah E. Allen, Mariana F. Wolfner, Bei Wang, and Chun Han

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2014255118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014255118

• Immunology and Inflammation

  • Open Access

    Signatures of immune dysfunction in HIV and HCV infection share features with chronic inflammation in aging and persist after viral reduction or elimination

    Cesar J. Lopez Angel, Edward A. Pham, Huixun Du, Francesco Vallania, Benjamin J. Fram, Kevin Perez, Thai Nguyen, Yael Rosenberg-Hasson, Aijaz Ahmed, Cornelia L. Dekker, Philip M. Grant, Purvesh Khatri, Holden T. Maecker, Jeffrey S. Glenn, Mark M. Davis, and David Furman

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2022928118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022928118
  • Open Access

    TBK1 recruitment to STING activates both IRF3 and NF-κB that mediate immune defense against tumors and viral infections

    Seoyun Yum, Minghao Li, Yan Fang, and Zhijian J. Chen

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2100225118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2100225118
  • Open Access

    CD11c⁺CD88⁺CD317⁺ myeloid cells are critical mediators of persistent CNS autoimmunity

    Navid Manouchehri, Rehana Z. Hussain, Petra D. Cravens, Ekaterina Esaulova, Maxim N. Artyomov, Brian T. Edelson, Gregory F. Wu, Anne H. Cross, Richard Doelger, Nicolas Loof, Todd N. Eagar, Thomas G. Forsthuber, Laurent Calvier, Joachim Herz, and Olaf Stüve

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2014492118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014492118

    See companion article:

    • CD317 puts the brakes on dendritic cell trafficking to the CNS

      - Apr 13, 2021
  • You have access

    Potent neutralization of Rift Valley fever virus by human monoclonal antibodies through fusion inhibition

    Nathaniel S. Chapman, Haiyan Zhao, Nurgun Kose, Jonna B. Westover, Birte Kalveram, Robin Bombardi, Jessica Rodriguez, Rachel Sutton, Joseph Genualdi, A. Desiree LaBeaud, Francis M. Mutuku, Phillip R. Pittman, Alexander N. Freiberg, Brian B. Gowen, Daved H. Fremont, and James E. Crowe Jr

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2025642118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025642118
  • You have access

    Active p38α causes macrovesicular fatty liver in mice

    Ilona Darlyuk-Saadon, Chen Bai, Chew Kiat Matthew Heng, Nechama Gilad, Wei-Ping Yu, Pei Yen Lim, Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot, Yongliang Zhang, W. S. Fred Wong, and David Engelberg

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2018069118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018069118

• Medical Sciences

  • You have access

    ICAM-1 orchestrates the abscopal effect of tumor radiotherapy

    Yang Zhao, Ting Zhang, Yanpu Wang, Dehua Lu, Jinhong Du, Xun Feng, Haoyi Zhou, Ning Liu, Hua Zhu, Shangbin Qin, Chenxin Liu, Xianshu Gao, Zhi Yang, and Zhaofei Liu

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2010333118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010333118

• Microbiology

  • You have access

    Bacterial-induced pH shifts link individual cell physiology to macroscale collective behavior

    Veeramuthu Dharanishanthi, Amit Orgad, Neta Rotem, Efrat Hagai, Jeny Kerstnus-Banchik, Julius Ben-Ari, Tim Harig, Srinivasa Rao Ravella, Stefan Schulz, and Yael Helman

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2014346118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014346118
  • You have access

    c-di-AMP, a likely master regulator of bacterial K⁺ homeostasis machinery, activates a K⁺ exporter

    Tatiana B. Cereija, João P. L. Guerra, João M. P. Jorge, and João H. Morais-Cabral

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2020653118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020653118
  • You have access

    Reverse genetics systems for contemporary isolates of respiratory syncytial virus enable rapid evaluation of antibody escape mutants

    Wendy K. Jo, Alina Schadenhofer, Andre Habierski, Franziska K. Kaiser, Giulietta Saletti, Tina Ganzenmueller, Elias Hage, Sibylle Haid, Thomas Pietschmann, Gesine Hansen, Thomas F. Schulz, Guus F. Rimmelzwaan, Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus, and Martin Ludlow

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2026558118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026558118
  • Open Access

    A molecular link between cell wall biosynthesis, translation fidelity, and stringent response in Streptococcus pneumoniae

    Surya D. Aggarwal, Adrian J. Lloyd, Saigopalakrishna S. Yerneni, Ana Rita Narciso, Jennifer Shepherd, David I. Roper, Christopher G. Dowson, Sergio R. Filipe, and N. Luisa Hiller

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2018089118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018089118

• Neuroscience

  • You have access

    Cortical ensembles selective for context

    Jordan P. Hamm, Yuriy Shymkiv, Shuting Han, Weijian Yang, and Rafael Yuste

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2026179118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026179118
  • Open Access

    Network dynamics of hypothalamic feeding neurons

    Patrick Sweeney, Can Chen, Indika Rajapakse, and Roger D. Cone

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2011140118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011140118
  • You have access

    Subthalamic low-frequency oscillations predict vulnerability to cocaine addiction

    Mickael Degoulet, Alix Tiran-Cappello, Etienne Combrisson, Christelle Baunez, and Yann Pelloux

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2024121118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024121118
  • You have access

    A limited role of NKCC1 in telencephalic glutamatergic neurons for developing hippocampal network dynamics and behavior

    Jürgen Graf, Chuanqiang Zhang, Stephan Lawrence Marguet, Tanja Herrmann, Tom Flossmann, Robin Hinsch, Vahid Rahmati, Madlen Guenther, Christiane Frahm, Anja Urbach, Ricardo Melo Neves, Otto W. Witte, Stefan J. Kiebel, Dirk Isbrandt, Christian A. Hübner, Knut Holthoff, and Knut Kirmse

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2014784118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014784118
  • You have access

    miR-218-2 regulates cognitive functions in the hippocampus through complement component 3–dependent modulation of synaptic vesicle release

    Si-Yao Lu, Chong-Lei Fu, Liang Liang, Bo Yang, Wei Shen, Qiu-Wen Wang, Yun Chen, Yan-Fen Chen, Yao-Nan Liu, Lin Zhu, Jieqing Zhao, Wei Shi, Shuangli Mi, and Jun Yao

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2021770118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021770118
  • You have access

    Morphological integration of the human brain across adolescence and adulthood

    Ajay Nadig, Jakob Seidlitz, Cassidy L. McDermott, Siyuan Liu, Richard Bethlehem, Tyler M. Moore, Travis T. Mallard, Liv S. Clasen, Jonathan D. Blumenthal, François Lalonde, Ruben C. Gur, Raquel E. Gur, Edward T. Bullmore, Theodore D. Satterthwaite, and Armin Raznahan

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2023860118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023860118
  • Open Access

    Presynaptic α₂δ subunits are key organizers of glutamatergic synapses

    Clemens L. Schöpf, Cornelia Ablinger, Stefanie M. Geisler, Ruslan I. Stanika, Marta Campiglio, Walter A. Kaufmann, Benedikt Nimmervoll, Bettina Schlick, Johannes Brockhaus, Markus Missler, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Gerald J. Obermair

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e1920827118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920827118

• Physiology

  • You have access

    Transcriptional regulation of intermolecular Ca²⁺ signaling in hibernating ground squirrel cardiomyocytes: The myocardin–junctophilin axis

    Lei Yang, Rong-Chang Li, Bin Xiang, Yi-Chen Li, Li-Peng Wang, Yun-Bo Guo, Jing-Hui Liang, Xiao-Ting Wang, Tingting Hou, Xin Xing, Zeng-Quan Zhou, Haihong Ye, Ren-Qing Feng, Edward G. Lakatta, Zhen Chai, and Shi-Qiang Wang

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2025333118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025333118
  • You have access

    Signal transduction through Cys-loop receptors is mediated by the nonspecific bumping of closely apposed domains

    Gisela D. Cymes and Claudio Grosman

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2021016118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021016118

• Plant Biology

  • You have access

    A Raf-like kinase is required for smoke-induced seed dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Inhye Lee, Eunsun Kim, Soobin Choi, Dayoung Kim, Wangyu Hong, Jungki Choi, Hyunmo Choi, Jimin Kim, Ganesh A. Sable, Kesavan Markkandan, Dongyeol Lim, Soon Ki Park, Soo Young Kim, Sumin Lee, and Moon-Soo Soh

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2020636118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020636118
  • Open Access

    The diversity of stomatal development regulation in Callitriche is related to the intrageneric diversity in lifestyles

    Yuki Doll, Hiroyuki Koga, and Hirokazu Tsukaya

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2026351118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026351118

• Population Biology

  • Open Access

    Overdispersion in COVID-19 increases the effectiveness of limiting nonrepetitive contacts for transmission control

    Kim Sneppen, Bjarke Frost Nielsen, Robert J. Taylor, and Lone Simonsen

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2016623118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016623118
  • Open Access

    Boosting can explain patterns of fluctuations of ratios of inapparent to symptomatic dengue virus infections

    Laura W. Alexander, Rotem Ben-Shachar, Leah C. Katzelnick, Guillermina Kuan, Angel Balmaseda, Eva Harris, and Mike Boots

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2013941118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013941118

• Psychological and Cognitive Sciences

  • Open Access

    Synchronous caregiving from birth to adulthood tunes humans’ social brain

    Adi Ulmer Yaniv, Roy Salomon, Shani Waidergoren, Ortal Shimon-Raz, Amir Djalovski, and Ruth Feldman

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2012900118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012900118
  • You have access

    The cospecification of the shape and material properties of light permeable materials

    Phillip J. Marlow and Barton L. Anderson

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2024798118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024798118

• Sustainability Science

  • Open Access

    Twenty-year economic impacts of deworming

    Joan Hamory, Edward Miguel, Michael Walker, Michael Kremer, and Sarah Baird

    PNAS April 6, 2021 118 (14) e2023185118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023185118