Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 118 (2)

New Research In

January 12, 2021; vol. 118 no. 2

This Week in PNAS

This week's research highlights

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In This Issue
PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) eiti0221118; https://doi.org/10.1073/iti0221118

Editorial

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On COVID-19, cognitive bias, and open access
May R. Berenbaum

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2026319118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2026319118

Commentaries

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Discovery of an insulating ferromagnetic phase of electrons in two dimensions
Kyung-Su Kim and Steven A. Kivelson

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2023964118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023964118
See companion article:
Observation of spontaneous ferromagnetism in a two-dimensional electron system
- Dec 03, 2020
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The importance of microlipophagy in liver
Joel M. Goodman

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2024058118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024058118
See companion article:
Direct lysosome-based autophagy of lipid droplets in hepatocytes
- Dec 07, 2020
Open Access
Handy water: Chiral superstructures around peptide β-sheets
Saranya Pullanchery and Sylvie Roke

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2024376118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024376118
See companion article:
Mirror-image antiparallel β-sheets organize water molecules into superstructures of opposite chirality
- Dec 14, 2020

Perspective

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Theoretical plurality, the extended evolutionary synthesis, and archaeology
Anna Marie Prentiss

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2006564118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2006564118
Open Access
The changing risk and burden of wildfire in the United States
Marshall Burke, Anne Driscoll, Sam Heft-Neal, Jiani Xue, Jennifer Burney, and Michael Wara

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2011048118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011048118

Letters

Open Access
Additional observations regarding glyphosate-based herbicides and developmental toxicity
William Reeves and S. Eliza Dunn

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2015865118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015865118
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Reply to Reeves and Dunn: Risk for autism in offspring after maternal glyphosate exposure
Kenji Hashimoto and Bruce D. Hammock

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2016496118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016496118
See companion article:
Maternal glyphosate exposure causes autism-like behaviors in offspring through increased expression of soluble epoxide hydrolase
- May 12, 2020
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Sound-induced motion in chimpanzees does not imply shared ancestry for music or dance
Mila Bertolo, Manvir Singh, and Samuel A. Mehr

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2015664118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015664118
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Reply to Bertolo et al.: Rhythmic swaying in chimpanzees has implications for understanding the biological roots of music and dance
Yuko Hattori and Masaki Tomonaga

PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2017986118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017986118
See companion article:
Rhythmic swaying induced by sound in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
- Dec 23, 2019

The Global Decline of Insects in the Anthropocene Special Feature

Introduction
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  Insect decline in the Anthropocene: Death by a thousand cuts
  From the Cover
  
  David L. Wagner, Eliza M. Grames, Matthew L. Forister, May R. Berenbaum, and David Stopak
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2023989118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023989118
News Feature
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  News Feature: To understand the plight of insects, entomologists look to the past
  Front Matter
  
  Amy McDermott
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2018499117; first published December 16, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018499117
Perspectives
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  Agricultural intensification and climate change are rapidly decreasing insect biodiversity
  Peter H. Raven and David L. Wagner
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002548117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002548117
- You have access
  To us insectometers, it is clear that insect decline in our Costa Rican tropics is real, so let’s be kind to the survivors
  Daniel H. Janzen and Winnie Hallwachs
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002546117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002546117
- You have access
  Insects and recent climate change
  Christopher A. Halsch, Arthur M. Shapiro, James A. Fordyce, Chris C. Nice, James H. Thorne, David P. Waetjen, and Matthew L. Forister
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002543117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002543117
- You have access
  The decline of butterflies in Europe: Problems, significance, and possible solutions
  Martin S. Warren, Dirk Maes, Chris A. M. van Swaay, Philippe Goffart, Hans Van Dyck, Nigel A. D. Bourn, Irma Wynhoff, Dan Hoare, and Sam Ellis
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002551117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002551117
- You have access
  A window to the world of global insect declines: Moth biodiversity trends are complex and heterogeneous
  David L. Wagner, Richard Fox, Danielle M. Salcido, and Lee A. Dyer
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002549117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002549117
- You have access
  Deep learning and computer vision will transform entomology
  Toke T. Høye, Johanna Ärje, Kim Bjerge, Oskar L. P. Hansen, Alexandros Iosifidis, Florian Leese, Hjalte M. R. Mann, Kristian Meissner, Claus Melvad, and Jenni Raitoharju
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002545117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002545117
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  No buzz for bees: Media coverage of pollinator decline
  Scott L. Althaus, May R. Berenbaum, Jenna Jordan, and Dan A. Shalmon
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002552117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002552117
Research Articles
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  Arthropods are not declining but are responsive to disturbance in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico
  Timothy D. Schowalter, Manoj Pandey, Steven J. Presley, Michael R. Willig, and Jess K. Zimmerman
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002556117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002556117
- You have access
  Insect biomass decline scaled to species diversity: General patterns derived from a hoverfly community
  Caspar A. Hallmann, Axel Ssymank, Martin Sorg, Hans de Kroon, and Eelke Jongejans
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002554117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002554117
- You have access
  Nonlinear trends in abundance and diversity and complex responses to climate change in Arctic arthropods
  Toke T. Høye, Sarah Loboda, Amanda M. Koltz, Mark A. K. Gillespie, Joseph J. Bowden, and Niels M. Schmidt
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002557117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002557117
Opinion
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  Opinion: Eight simple actions that individuals can take to save insects from global declines
  Front Matter
  
  Akito Y. Kawahara, Lawrence E. Reeves, Jesse R. Barber, and Scott H. Black
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002547117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002547117

Physical Sciences

Applied Physical Sciences
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  A chemiresistive methane sensor
  Máté J. Bezdek, Shao-Xiong Lennon Luo, Kang Hee Ku, and Timothy M. Swager
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2022515118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022515118
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  Pixel-based open-space microfluidics for versatile surface processing
  Pierre-Alexandre Goyette, Étienne Boulais, Maude Tremblay, and Thomas Gervais
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2019248118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019248118
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  Gigantic vortical differential scattering as a monochromatic probe for multiscale chiral structures
  Jincheng Ni, Shunli Liu, Dong Wu, Zhaoxin Lao, Zhongyu Wang, Kun Huang, Shengyun Ji, Jiawen Li, Zhixiang Huang, Qihua Xiong, Yanlei Hu, Jiaru Chu, and Cheng-Wei Qiu
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2020055118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020055118
- Open Access
  Doping evolution of the Mott–Hubbard landscape in infinite-layer nickelates
  Berit H. Goodge, Danfeng Li, Kyuho Lee, Motoki Osada, Bai Yang Wang, George A. Sawatzky, Harold Y. Hwang, and Lena F. Kourkoutis
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2007683118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007683118
Biophysics and Computational Biology
- Open Access
  Quantifying and visualizing weak interactions between anions and proteins
  Binhan Yu, Channing C. Pletka, and Junji Iwahara
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2015879118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015879118
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  A method of incorporating rate constants as kinetic constraints in molecular dynamics simulations
  Z. Faidon Brotzakis, Michele Vendruscolo, and Peter G. Bolhuis
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2012423118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012423118
- Open Access
  DeepTracer for fast de novo cryo-EM protein structure modeling and special studies on CoV-related complexes
  Jonas Pfab, Nhut Minh Phan, and Dong Si
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2017525118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017525118
Chemistry
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  Engineering exosome polymer hybrids by atom transfer radical polymerization
  Sushil Lathwal, Saigopalakrishna S. Yerneni, Susanne Boye, Upenyu L. Muza, Shuntaro Takahashi, Naoki Sugimoto, Albena Lederer, Subha R. Das, Phil G. Campbell, and Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2020241118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020241118
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  Direct and continuous generation of pure acetic acid solutions via electrocatalytic carbon monoxide reduction
  Peng Zhu, Chuan Xia, Chun-Yen Liu, Kun Jiang, Guanhui Gao, Xiao Zhang, Yang Xia, Yongjiu Lei, Husam N. Alshareef, Thomas P. Senftle, and Haotian Wang
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2010868118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010868118
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  Intrinsic electronic conductivity of individual atomically resolved amyloid crystals reveals micrometer-long hole hopping via tyrosines
  Catharine Shipps, H. Ray Kelly, Peter J. Dahl, Sophia M. Yi, Dennis Vu, David Boyer, Calina Glynn, Michael R. Sawaya, David Eisenberg, Victor S. Batista, and Nikhil S. Malvankar
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014139118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014139118
Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences
- Open Access
  The 2018 reawakening and eruption dynamics of Steamboat Geyser, the world’s tallest active geyser
  Inaugural Article
  
  Mara H. Reed, Carolina Munoz-Saez, Sahand Hajimirza, Sin-Mei Wu, Anna Barth, Társilo Girona, Majid Rasht-Behesht, Erin B. White, Marianne S. Karplus, Shaul Hurwitz, and Michael Manga
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2020943118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020943118
  
  See companion article:
  Profile of Michael Manga
  - Mar 01, 2021
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  Convective isolation of Hadean mantle reservoirs through Archean time
  Jonas Tusch, Carsten Münker, Eric Hasenstab, Mike Jansen, Chris S. Marien, Florian Kurzweil, Martin J. Van Kranendonk, Hugh Smithies, Wolfgang Maier, and Dieter Garbe-Schönberg
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2012626118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012626118
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  Cooperative formation of porous silica and peptides on the prebiotic Earth
  From the Cover
  
  Alexandra Navrotsky, Richard Hervig, James Lyons, Dong-Kyun Seo, Everett Shock, and Albert Voskanyan
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2021117118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021117118
- Open Access
  Ocean melting of the Zachariae Isstrøm and Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden glaciers, northeast Greenland
  Lu An, Eric Rignot, Michael Wood, Josh K. Willis, Jérémie Mouginot, and Shfaqat A. Khan
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2015483118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015483118
- Open Access
  Acidity across the interface from the ocean surface to sea spray aerosol
  Kyle J. Angle, Daniel R. Crocker, Rebecca M. C. Simpson, Kathryn J. Mayer, Lauren A. Garofalo, Alexia N. Moore, Stephanie L. Mora Garcia, Victor W. Or, Sudarshan Srinivasan, Mahum Farhan, Jon S. Sauer, Christopher Lee, Matson A. Pothier, Delphine K. Farmer, Todd R. Martz, Timothy H. Bertram, Christopher D. Cappa, Kimberly A. Prather, and Vicki H. Grassian
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2018397118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018397118
- Open Access
  Lithogenic hydrogen supports microbial primary production in subglacial and proglacial environments
  Eric C. Dunham, John E. Dore, Mark L. Skidmore, Eric E. Roden, and Eric S. Boyd
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2007051117; first published December 21, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007051117
Engineering
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  Deep learning and computer vision will transform entomology
  Toke T. Høye, Johanna Ärje, Kim Bjerge, Oskar L. P. Hansen, Alexandros Iosifidis, Florian Leese, Hjalte M. R. Mann, Kristian Meissner, Claus Melvad, and Jenni Raitoharju
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002545117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002545117
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  The early-stage growth and reversibility of Li electrodeposition in Br-rich electrolytes
  Prayag Biswal, Atsu Kludze, Joshua Rodrigues, Yue Deng, Taylor Moon, Sanjuna Stalin, Qing Zhao, Jiefu Yin, Lena F. Kourkoutis, and Lynden A. Archer
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2012071118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012071118
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  On explosive boiling of a multicomponent Leidenfrost drop
  Sijia Lyu, Huanshu Tan, Yuki Wakata, Xianjun Yang, Chung K. Law, Detlef Lohse, and Chao Sun
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2016107118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016107118
Environmental Sciences
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  To us insectometers, it is clear that insect decline in our Costa Rican tropics is real, so let’s be kind to the survivors
  Daniel H. Janzen and Winnie Hallwachs
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002546117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002546117
- You have access
  Appraisal of sedimentary alkenones for the quantitative reconstruction of phytoplankton biomass
  Maria Raja and Antoni Rosell-Melé
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014787118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014787118
Physics
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  Superconductor–insulator transition in two-dimensional indium–indium-oxide composite
  Bar Hen, Xinyang Zhang, Victor Shelukhin, Aharon Kapitulnik, and Alexander Palevski
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2015970118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015970118
- Open Access
  True scale-free networks hidden by finite size effects
  Matteo Serafino, Giulio Cimini, Amos Maritan, Andrea Rinaldo, Samir Suweis, Jayanth R. Banavar, and Guido Caldarelli
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2013825118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013825118
Statistics
- Open Access
  Statistical finite elements for misspecified models
  Connor Duffin, Edward Cripps, Thomas Stemler, and Mark Girolami
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2015006118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015006118

Biological Sciences

Anthropology
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  Exotic foods reveal contact between South Asia and the Near East during the second millennium BCE
  From the Cover
  
  Ashley Scott, Robert C. Power, Victoria Altmann-Wendling, Michal Artzy, Mario A. S. Martin, Stefanie Eisenmann, Richard Hagan, Domingo C. Salazar-García, Yossi Salmon, Dmitry Yegorov, Ianir Milevski, Israel Finkelstein, Philipp W. Stockhammer, and Christina Warinner
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014956117; first published December 21, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014956117
Applied Biological Sciences
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  Efficient CRISPR-mediated base editing in Agrobacterium spp.
  Savio D. Rodrigues, Mansour Karimi, Lennert Impens, Els Van Lerberge, Griet Coussens, Stijn Aesaert, Debbie Rombaut, Dominique Holtappels, Heba M. M. Ibrahim, Marc Van Montagu, Jeroen Wagemans, Thomas B. Jacobs, Barbara De Coninck, and Laurens Pauwels
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2013338118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013338118
Biochemistry
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  Distinct roles of adipose triglyceride lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase in the catabolism of triacylglycerol estolides
  Kristyna Brejchova, Franz Peter Walter Radner, Laurence Balas, Veronika Paluchova, Tomas Cajka, Hana Chodounska, Eva Kudova, Margarita Schratter, Renate Schreiber, Thierry Durand, Rudolf Zechner, and Ondrej Kuda
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2020999118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020999118
- You have access
  Gene expression regulates metabolite homeostasis during the Crabtree effect: Implications for the adaptation and evolution of Metabolism
  Douglas L. Rothman, Stephen C. Stearns, and Robert G. Shulman
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014013118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014013118
- You have access
  Molecular mechanism of the repressive phase of the mammalian circadian clock
  Xuemei Cao, Yanyan Yang, Christopher P. Selby, Zhenxing Liu, and Aziz Sancar
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2021174118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021174118
- Open Access
  Ataluren and aminoglycosides stimulate read-through of nonsense codons by orthogonal mechanisms
  Martin Y. Ng, Hong Li, Mikel D. Ghelfi, Yale E. Goldman, and Barry S. Cooperman
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2020599118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020599118
- Open Access
  Supramolecular assembly of the Escherichia coli LdcI upon acid stress
  Matthew Jessop, Clarissa Liesche, Jan Felix, Ambroise Desfosses, Megghane Baulard, Virgile Adam, Angélique Fraudeau, Karine Huard, Grégory Effantin, Jean-Philippe Kleman, Maria Bacia-Verloop, Dominique Bourgeois, and Irina Gutsche
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014383118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014383118
- You have access
  Cryoelectron microscopy structure and mechanism of the membrane-associated electron-bifurcating flavoprotein Fix/EtfABCX
  Xiang Feng, Gerrit J. Schut, Gina L. Lipscomb, Huilin Li, and Michael W. W. Adams
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2016978118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016978118
Biophysics and Computational Biology
- Open Access
  Structure of SARS-CoV-2 ORF8, a rapidly evolving immune evasion protein
  Inaugural Article
  
  Thomas G. Flower, Cosmo Z. Buffalo, Richard M. Hooy, Marc Allaire, Xuefeng Ren, and James H. Hurley
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2021785118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021785118
  
  See companion article:
  Profile of James H. Hurley
  - Mar 09, 2021
- Open Access
  DeepTracer for fast de novo cryo-EM protein structure modeling and special studies on CoV-related complexes
  Jonas Pfab, Nhut Minh Phan, and Dong Si
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2017525118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017525118
- You have access
  Intrinsic electronic conductivity of individual atomically resolved amyloid crystals reveals micrometer-long hole hopping via tyrosines
  Catharine Shipps, H. Ray Kelly, Peter J. Dahl, Sophia M. Yi, Dennis Vu, David Boyer, Calina Glynn, Michael R. Sawaya, David Eisenberg, Victor S. Batista, and Nikhil S. Malvankar
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014139118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014139118
- You have access
  DeepTFactor: A deep learning-based tool for the prediction of transcription factors
  Gi Bae Kim, Ye Gao, Bernhard O. Palsson, and Sang Yup Lee
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2021171118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021171118
- You have access
  Cryoelectron-microscopy structure of the enteropathogenic Escherichia coli type III secretion system EspA filament
  Weili Zheng, Alejandro Peña, Aravindan Ilangovan, Jasmine Naemi-Baghshomali Clark, Gad Frankel, Edward H. Egelman, and Tiago R. D. Costa
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2022826118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2022826118
- Open Access
  Cross-subunit interactions that stabilize open states mediate gating in NMDA receptors
  Gary J. Iacobucci, Han Wen, Matthew Helou, Beiying Liu, Wenjun Zheng, and Gabriela K. Popescu
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2007511118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007511118
- You have access
  Real-time observation of Cas9 postcatalytic domain motions
  Yanbo Wang, John Mallon, Haobo Wang, Digvijay Singh, Myung Hyun Jo, Boyang Hua, Scott Bailey, and Taekjip Ha
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2010650118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010650118
- Open Access
  Sparseness and Smoothness Regularized Imaging for improving the resolution of Cryo-EM single-particle reconstruction
  Zhenwei Luo, Adam A. Campos-Acevedo, Longfei Lv, Qinghua Wang, and Jianpeng Ma
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2013756118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013756118
- You have access
  ADP-ribose and analogues bound to the deMARylating macrodomain from the bat coronavirus HKU4
  Robert G. Hammond, Norbert Schormann, Robert Lyle McPherson, Anthony K. L. Leung, Champion C. S. Deivanayagam, and Margaret A. Johnson
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2004500118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004500118
Developmental Biology
- You have access
  Calcineurin controls proximodistal blastema polarity in zebrafish fin regeneration
  Zigang Cao, Yunlong Meng, Fanghua Gong, Zhaopeng Xu, Fasheng Liu, Mengjie Fang, Lufang Zou, Xinjun Liao, Xinjuan Wang, Lingfei Luo, Xiaokun Li, and Huiqiang Lu
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2009539118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009539118
- You have access
  Sarcomeres regulate murine cardiomyocyte maturation through MRTF-SRF signaling
  Yuxuan Guo, Yangpo Cao, Blake D. Jardin, Isha Sethi, Qing Ma, Behzad Moghadaszadeh, Emily C. Troiano, Neil Mazumdar, Michael A. Trembley, Eric M. Small, Guo-Cheng Yuan, Alan H. Beggs, and William T. Pu
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2008861118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008861118
Ecology
- You have access
  News Feature: To understand the plight of insects, entomologists look to the past
  Front Matter
  
  Amy McDermott
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2018499117; first published December 16, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018499117
- You have access
  Agricultural intensification and climate change are rapidly decreasing insect biodiversity
  Peter H. Raven and David L. Wagner
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002548117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002548117
- You have access
  Insects and recent climate change
  Christopher A. Halsch, Arthur M. Shapiro, James A. Fordyce, Chris C. Nice, James H. Thorne, David P. Waetjen, and Matthew L. Forister
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002543117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002543117
- You have access
  The decline of butterflies in Europe: Problems, significance, and possible solutions
  Martin S. Warren, Dirk Maes, Chris A. M. van Swaay, Philippe Goffart, Hans Van Dyck, Nigel A. D. Bourn, Irma Wynhoff, Dan Hoare, and Sam Ellis
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002551117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002551117
- You have access
  A window to the world of global insect declines: Moth biodiversity trends are complex and heterogeneous
  David L. Wagner, Richard Fox, Danielle M. Salcido, and Lee A. Dyer
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002549117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002549117
- You have access
  Deep learning and computer vision will transform entomology
  Toke T. Høye, Johanna Ärje, Kim Bjerge, Oskar L. P. Hansen, Alexandros Iosifidis, Florian Leese, Hjalte M. R. Mann, Kristian Meissner, Claus Melvad, and Jenni Raitoharju
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002545117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002545117
- You have access
  Insect biomass decline scaled to species diversity: General patterns derived from a hoverfly community
  Caspar A. Hallmann, Axel Ssymank, Martin Sorg, Hans de Kroon, and Eelke Jongejans
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002554117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002554117
- You have access
  Nonlinear trends in abundance and diversity and complex responses to climate change in Arctic arthropods
  Toke T. Høye, Sarah Loboda, Amanda M. Koltz, Mark A. K. Gillespie, Joseph J. Bowden, and Niels M. Schmidt
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002557117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002557117
- You have access
  Mammal species occupy different climates following the expansion of human impacts
  Silvia Pineda-Munoz, Yue Wang, S. Kathleen Lyons, Anikó B. Tóth, and Jenny L. McGuire
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e1922859118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922859118
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  Multiple constraints cause positive and negative feedbacks limiting grassland soil CO₂ efflux under CO₂ enrichment
  Philip A. Fay, Dafeng Hui, Robert B. Jackson, Harold P. Collins, Lara G. Reichmann, Michael J. Aspinwall, Virginia L. Jin, Albina R. Khasanova, Robert W. Heckman, and H. Wayne Polley
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2008284117; first published December 21, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008284117
Environmental Sciences
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  Opinion: Eight simple actions that individuals can take to save insects from global declines
  Front Matter
  
  Akito Y. Kawahara, Lawrence E. Reeves, Jesse R. Barber, and Scott H. Black
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002547117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002547117
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  Arthropods are not declining but are responsive to disturbance in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico
  Timothy D. Schowalter, Manoj Pandey, Steven J. Presley, Michael R. Willig, and Jess K. Zimmerman
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002556117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002556117
Evolution
- Open Access
  Massively parallel discovery of human-specific substitutions that alter enhancer activity
  Severin Uebbing, Jake Gockley, Steven K. Reilly, Acadia A. Kocher, Evan Geller, Neeru Gandotra, Curt Scharfe, Justin Cotney, and James P. Noonan
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2007049118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007049118
Genetics
- Open Access
  Knockout of the HMG domain of the porcine SRY gene causes sex reversal in gene-edited pigs
  Stefanie Kurtz, Andrea Lucas-Hahn, Brigitte Schlegelberger, Gudrun Göhring, Heiner Niemann, Thomas C. Mettenleiter, and Björn Petersen
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2008743118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008743118
Immunology and Inflammation
- Open Access
  Permissive selection followed by affinity-based proliferation of GC light zone B cells dictates cell fate and ensures clonal breadth
  Rinako Nakagawa, Amparo Toboso-Navasa, Marta Schips, George Young, Leena Bhaw-Rosun, Miriam Llorian-Sopena, Probir Chakravarty, Abdul Karim Sesay, George Kassiotis, Michael Meyer-Hermann, and Dinis Pedro Calado
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2016425118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016425118
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  T_FH cells depend on Tcf1-intrinsic HDAC activity to suppress CTLA4 and guard B-cell help function
  Fengyin Li, Xin Zhao, Yali Zhang, Peng Shao, Xiaoke Ma, William J. Paradee, Chengyu Liu, Jianmin Wang, and Hai-Hui Xue
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014562118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014562118
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  Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the immune landscape of lung in steroid-resistant asthma exacerbation
  Lingli Wang, Keilah G. Netto, Lujia Zhou, Xiaojie Liu, Ming Wang, Guojun Zhang, Paul S. Foster, Fuguang Li, and Ming Yang
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2005590118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2005590118
Medical Sciences
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  Tuning MPL signaling to influence hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and inhibit essential thrombocythemia progenitors
  Lu Cui, Ignacio Moraga, Tristan Lerbs, Camille Van Neste, Stephan Wilmes, Naotaka Tsutsumi, Aaron Claudius Trotman-Grant, Milica Gakovic, Sarah Andrews, Jason Gotlib, Spyros Darmanis, Martin Enge, Stephen Quake, Ian S. Hitchcock, Jacob Piehler, K. Christopher Garcia, and Gerlinde Wernig
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2017849118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017849118
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  Reston virus causes severe respiratory disease in young domestic pigs
  Elaine Haddock, Greg Saturday, Friederike Feldmann, Patrick W. Hanley, Atsushi Okumura, Jamie Lovaglio, Dan Long, Tina Thomas, Dana P. Scott, Mikayla Pulliam, Jürgen A. Richt, Emmie de Wit, and Heinz Feldmann
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2015657118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015657118
Microbiology
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  Lithogenic hydrogen supports microbial primary production in subglacial and proglacial environments
  Eric C. Dunham, John E. Dore, Mark L. Skidmore, Eric E. Roden, and Eric S. Boyd
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2007051117; first published December 21, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007051117
- Open Access
  Evolution toward beta common chain receptor usage links the matrix proteins of HIV-1 and its ancestors to human erythropoietin
  Francesca Caccuri, Pasqualina D’Ursi, Matteo Uggeri, Antonella Bugatti, Pietro Mazzuca, Alberto Zani, Federica Filippini, Mario Salmona, Domenico Ribatti, Mark Slevin, Alessandro Orro, Wuyuan Lu, Pietro Liò, Robert C. Gallo, and Arnaldo Caruso
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2021366118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021366118
- Open Access
  Synthesis and delivery of Streptococcus pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides by recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines
  Huali Su, Qing Liu, Xiaoping Bian, Shifeng Wang, Roy Curtiss III, and Qingke Kong
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2013350118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2013350118
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  Small-molecule inhibitors for the Prp8 intein as antifungal agents
  Zhong Li, Anil Mathew Tharappel, Jimin Xu, Yuekun Lang, Cathleen M. Green, Jing Zhang, Qishan Lin, Sudha Chaturvedi, Jia Zhou, Marlene Belfort, and Hongmin Li
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2008815118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008815118
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  Tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent localization of TmaR that controls activity of a major bacterial sugar regulator by polar sequestration
  Tamar Szoke, Nitsan Albocher, Sutharsan Govindarajan, Anat Nussbaum-Shochat, and Orna Amster-Choder
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2016017118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016017118
- Open Access
  The intestinal parasite Cryptosporidium is controlled by an enterocyte intrinsic inflammasome that depends on NLRP6
  Adam Sateriale, Jodi A. Gullicksrud, Julie B. Engiles, Briana I. McLeod, Emily M. Kugler, Jorge Henao-Mejia, Ting Zhou, Aaron M. Ring, Igor E. Brodsky, Christopher A. Hunter, and Boris Striepen
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2007807118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2007807118
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  Measuring the subcellular compartmentalization of viral infections by protein complementation assay
  Juliette Fernandez, Cédric Hassen-Khodja, Virginie Georget, Thierry Rose, Yves Jacob, Yves L. Janin, Sébastien Nisole, Pierre-Olivier Vidalain, and Nathalie J. Arhel
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2010524118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010524118
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  Minimal gene set from Sinorhizobium (Ensifer) meliloti pSymA required for efficient symbiosis with Medicago
  Barney A. Geddes, Jason V. S. Kearsley, Jiarui Huang, Maryam Zamani, Zahed Muhammed, Leah Sather, Aakanx K. Panchal, George C. diCenzo, and Turlough M. Finan
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2018015118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018015118
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  Control of septum thickness by the curvature of SepF polymers
  Michaela Wenzel, Ilkay N. Celik Gulsoy, Yongqiang Gao, Zihao Teng, Joost Willemse, Martijn Middelkamp, Mariska G. M. van Rosmalen, Per W. B. Larsen, Nicole N. van der Wel, Gijs J. L. Wuite, Wouter H. Roos, and Leendert W. Hamoen
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002635118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002635118
Neuroscience
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  Topographic connectivity reveals task-dependent retinotopic processing throughout the human brain
  Tomas Knapen
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2017032118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017032118
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  Altered Cl⁻ homeostasis hinders forebrain GABAergic interneuron migration in a mouse model of intellectual disability
  Andrea Maset, Luisa Galla, Simona Francia, Olga Cozzolino, Paola Capasso, Rosa Chiara Goisis, Gabriele Losi, Angelo Lombardo, Gian Michele Ratto, and Claudia Lodovichi
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2016034118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016034118
- Open Access
  A CRISPR-Cas9–engineered mouse model for GPI-anchor deficiency mirrors human phenotypes and exhibits hippocampal synaptic dysfunctions
  Miguel Rodríguez de los Santos, Marion Rivalan, Friederike S. David, Alexander Stumpf, Julika Pitsch, Despina Tsortouktzidis, Laura Moreno Velasquez, Anne Voigt, Karl Schilling, Daniele Mattei, Melissa Long, Guido Vogt, Alexej Knaus, Björn Fischer-Zirnsak, Lars Wittler, Bernd Timmermann, Peter N. Robinson, Denise Horn, Stefan Mundlos, Uwe Kornak, Albert J. Becker, Dietmar Schmitz, York Winter, and Peter M. Krawitz
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014481118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014481118
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  SCAMP5 plays a critical role in axonal trafficking and synaptic localization of NHE6 to adjust quantal size at glutamatergic synapses
  Unghwi Lee, Chunghon Choi, Seung Hyun Ryu, Daehun Park, Sang-Eun Lee, Kitae Kim, Yujin Kim, and Sunghoe Chang
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2011371118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011371118
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  Diurnal rhythms across the human dorsal and ventral striatum
  Kyle D. Ketchesin, Wei Zong, Mariah A. Hildebrand, Marianne L. Seney, Kelly M. Cahill, Madeline R. Scott, Vaishnavi G. Shankar, Jill R. Glausier, David A. Lewis, George C. Tseng, and Colleen A. McClung
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2016150118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016150118
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  R-spondin substitutes for neuronal input for taste cell regeneration in adult mice
  Xiaoli Lin, Chanyi Lu, Makoto Ohmoto, Katarzyna Choma, Robert F. Margolskee, Ichiro Matsumoto, and Peihua Jiang
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2001833118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2001833118
- Open Access
  Cerebellar Purkinje cells can differentially modulate coherence between sensory and motor cortex depending on region and behavior
  Sander Lindeman, Sungho Hong, Lieke Kros, Jorge F. Mejias, Vincenzo Romano, Robert Oostenveld, Mario Negrello, Laurens W. J. Bosman, and Chris I. De Zeeuw
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2015292118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015292118
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  Mechanisms and plasticity of chemogenically induced interneuronal suppression of principal cells
  Stephanie Rogers, Peter A. Rozman, Manuel Valero, Werner K. Doyle, and György Buzsáki
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014157118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014157118
Physiology
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  Selective Aster inhibitors distinguish vesicular and nonvesicular sterol transport mechanisms
  Xu Xiao, Youngjae Kim, Beatriz Romartinez-Alonso, Kristupas Sirvydis, Daniel S. Ory, John W. R. Schwabe, Michael E. Jung, and Peter Tontonoz
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2024149118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2024149118
Population Biology
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  No buzz for bees: Media coverage of pollinator decline
  Scott L. Althaus, May R. Berenbaum, Jenna Jordan, and Dan A. Shalmon
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002552117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002552117
- Open Access
  Forward-looking serial intervals correctly link epidemic growth to reproduction numbers
  Sang Woo Park, Kaiyuan Sun, David Champredon, Michael Li, Benjamin M. Bolker, David J. D. Earn, Joshua S. Weitz, Bryan T. Grenfell, and Jonathan Dushoff
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2011548118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011548118
Psychological and Cognitive Sciences
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  Optimal utility and probability functions for agents with finite computational precision
  Keno Juechems, Jan Balaguer, Bernhard Spitzer, and Christopher Summerfield
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2002232118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002232118
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  Viewing images of foods evokes taste quality-specific activity in gustatory insular cortex
  Jason A. Avery, Alexander G. Liu, John E. Ingeholm, Stephen J. Gotts, and Alex Martin
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2010932118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010932118
Sustainability Science
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  Climate shock effects and mediation in fisheries
  From the Cover
  
  Mary C. Fisher, Stephanie K. Moore, Sunny L. Jardine, James R. Watson, and Jameal F. Samhouri
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2014379117; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014379117
  
  See companion article:
  Diversification spins a heatwave safety net for fisheries
  - Jan 08, 2021
Systems Biology
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  A rate threshold mechanism regulates MAPK stress signaling and survival
  Amanda N. Johnson, Guoliang Li, Hossein Jashnsaz, Alexander Thiemicke, Benjamin K. Kesler, Dustin C. Rogers, and Gregor Neuert
  
  PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2004998118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004998118

Corrections

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Correction for Loerakker et al., Mechanosensitivity of Jagged–Notch signaling can induce a switch-type behavior in vascular homeostasis
PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2025032118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025032118
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Correction for Langer and Le, Scaling confirmation of the thermodynamic dislocation theory
PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2025443118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025443118
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Correction for Williams et al., Diffusioosmotic and convective flows induced by a nonelectrolyte concentration gradient
PNAS January 12, 2021 118 (2) e2025408118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025408118

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