Table of Contents

Biological Sciences

• Anthropology

  • Open Access

    The genomics of ecological flexibility, large brains, and long lives in capuchin monkeys revealed with fecalFACS

    Joseph D. Orkin, Michael J. Montague, Daniela Tejada-Martinez, Marc de Manuel, Javier del Campo, Saul Cheves Hernandez, Anthony Di Fiore, Claudia Fontsere, Jason A. Hodgson, Mareike C. Janiak, Lukas F. K. Kuderna, Esther Lizano, Maria Pia Martin, Yoshihito Niimura, George H. Perry, Carmen Soto Valverde, Jia Tang, Wesley C. Warren, João Pedro de Magalhães, Shoji Kawamura, Tomàs Marquès-Bonet, Roman Krawetz, and Amanda D. Melin

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2010632118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2010632118

• Biochemistry

  • Open Access

    Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in the presence of favipiravir-RTP

    Katerina Naydenova, Kyle W. Muir, Long-Fei Wu, Ziguo Zhang, Francesca Coscia, Mathew J. Peet, Pablo Castro-Hartmann, Pu Qian, Kasim Sader, Kyle Dent, Dari Kimanius, John D. Sutherland, Jan Löwe, David Barford, and Christopher J. Russo

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2021946118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021946118

• Biophysics and Computational Biology

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    Characterization of the strain-rate–dependent mechanical response of single cell–cell junctions

    Amir Monemian Esfahani, Jordan Rosenbohm, Bahareh Tajvidi Safa, Nickolay V. Lavrik, Grayson Minnick, Quan Zhou, Fang Kong, Xiaowei Jin, Eunju Kim, Ying Liu, Yongfeng Lu, Jung Yul Lim, James K. Wahl III, Ming Dao, Changjin Huang, and Ruiguo Yang

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2019347118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019347118
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    Torsional stress can regulate the unwrapping of two outer half superhelical turns of nucleosomal DNA

    Hisashi Ishida and Hidetoshi Kono

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2020452118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020452118

• Cell Biology

  • Open Access

    The Myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) works together with CTCF to control cohesin positioning and genome organization

    Tiaojiang Xiao, Xin Li, and Gary Felsenfeld

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2023127118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023127118
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    PON2 subverts metabolic gatekeeper functions in B cells to promote leukemogenesis

    Lili Pan, Chao Hong, Lai N. Chan, Gang Xiao, Parmanand Malvi, Mark E. Robinson, Huimin Geng, Srinivasa T. Reddy, Jaewoong Lee, Vishal Khairnar, Kadriye Nehir Cosgun, Liang Xu, Kohei Kume, Teresa Sadras, Shaoyuan Wang, Narendra Wajapeyee, and Markus Müschen

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2016553118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016553118
  • Open Access

    Widespread polycistronic gene expression in green algae

    Sean D. Gallaher, Rory J. Craig, Iniyan Ganesan, Samuel O. Purvine, Sean R. McCorkle, Jane Grimwood, Daniela Strenkert, Lital Davidi, Melissa S. Roth, Tim L. Jeffers, Mary S. Lipton, Krishna K. Niyogi, Jeremy Schmutz, Steven M. Theg, Crysten E. Blaby-Haas, and Sabeeha S. Merchant

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2017714118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017714118
  • Open Access

    Chemokine-biased robust self-organizing polarization of migrating cells in vivo

    Adan Olguin-Olguin, Anne Aalto, Benoît Maugis, Aleix Boquet-Pujadas, Dennis Hoffmann, Laura Ermlich, Timo Betz, Nir S. Gov, Michal Reichman-Fried, and Erez Raz

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2018480118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018480118
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    Local translation in nuclear condensate amyloid bodies

    Phaedra R. Theodoridis, Michael Bokros, Dane Marijan, Nathan C. Balukoff, Dazhi Wang, Chloe C. Kirk, Taylor D. Budine, Harris D. Goldsmith, Miling Wang, Timothy E. Audas, and Stephen Lee

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2014457118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014457118
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    Critical role of Aquaporin-1 and telocytes in infantile hemangioma response to propranolol beta blockade

    François Moisan, Sandra Oucherif, Priscilla Kaulanjan-Checkmodine, Sorilla Prey, Benoît Rousseau, Marc Bonneu, Stéphane Claverol, Etienne Gontier, Sabrina Lacomme, Lea Dousset, Thierry Couffinhal, Jerome Toutain, Maya Loot, Muriel Cario-André, Marie-Laure Jullié, Christine Léauté-Labrèze, Alain Taieb, and Hamid Reza Rezvani

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2018690118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018690118
  • Open Access

    SOX2 is required independently in both stem and differentiated cells for pituitary tumorigenesis in p27-null mice

    Veronica Moncho-Amor, Probir Chakravarty, Christophe Galichet, Ander Matheu, Robin Lovell-Badge, and Karine Rizzoti

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2017115118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017115118

• Developmental Biology

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    The Krüppel-like factor Cabut has cell cycle regulatory properties similar to E2F1

    Peng Zhang, Alexia J. Katzaroff, Laura A. Buttitta, Yiqin Ma, Huaqi Jiang, Derek W. Nickerson, Jan Inge Øvrebø, and Bruce A. Edgar

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2015675118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015675118

• Ecology

  • Open Access

    Global inequities and political borders challenge nature conservation under climate change

    Mark A. Titley, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Victoria R. Jones, Mark J. Whittingham, and Stephen G. Willis

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2011204118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011204118
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    A switch to feeding on cycads generates parallel accelerated evolution of toxin tolerance in two clades of Eumaeus caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)

    Robert K. Robbins, Qian Cong, Jing Zhang, Jinhui Shen, Julia Quer Riera, Debra Murray, Robert C. Busby, Christophe Faynel, Winnie Hallwachs, Daniel H. Janzen, and Nick V. Grishin

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2018965118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018965118
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    Functional rarity and evenness are key facets of biodiversity to boost multifunctionality

    Yoann Le Bagousse-Pinguet, Nicolas Gross, Hugo Saiz, Fernando T. Maestre, Sonia Ruiz, Marina Dacal, Sergio Asensio, Victoria Ochoa, Beatriz Gozalo, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, Lucas Deschamps, Carlos García, Vincent Maire, Rubén Milla, Norma Salinas, Juntao Wang, Brajesh K. Singh, and Pablo García-Palacios

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2019355118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019355118
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    Global tree intrinsic water use efficiency is enhanced by increased atmospheric CO₂ and modulated by climate and plant functional types

    Justin M. Mathias and Richard B. Thomas

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2014286118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014286118

• Evolution

  • Open Access

    The feeding system of Tiktaalik roseae: an intermediate between suction feeding and biting

    Justin B. Lemberg, Edward B. Daeschler, and Neil H. Shubin

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2016421118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016421118
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    A global phylogeny of turtles reveals a burst of climate-associated diversification on continental margins

    • From the Cover

    Robert C. Thomson, Phillip Q. Spinks, and H. Bradley Shaffer

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2012215118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012215118
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    The evolution of developmental thresholds and reaction norms for age and size at maturity

    Viktor Nilsson-Örtman and Locke Rowe

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2017185118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017185118

• Genetics

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    The mop1 mutation affects the recombination landscape in maize

    Meixia Zhao, Jia-Chi Ku, Beibei Liu, Diya Yang, Liangwei Yin, Tyshawn J. Ferrell, Claire E. Stoll, Wei Guo, Xinyan Zhang, Dafang Wang, Chung-Ju Rachel Wang, and Damon Lisch

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2009475118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009475118

• Immunology and Inflammation

  • Open Access

    CD20 as a gatekeeper of the resting state of human B cells

    • Inaugural Article

    Kathrin Kläsener, Julia Jellusova, Geoffroy Andrieux, Ulrich Salzer, Chiara Böhler, Sebastian N. Steiner, Jonas B. Albinus, Marco Cavallari, Beatrix Süß, Reinhard E. Voll, Melanie Boerries, Bernd Wollscheid, and Michael Reth

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2021342118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021342118
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    Deficiency of the novel high mobility group protein HMGXB4 protects against systemic inflammation-induced endotoxemia in mice

    Xiangqin He, Kunzhe Dong, Jian Shen, Guoqing Hu, Jinhua Liu, Xiuhua Kang, Liang Wang, Reem T. Atawia, Islam Osman, Robert W. Caldwell, Meixiang Xiang, Wei Zhang, Zeqi Zheng, Liwu Li, David J. R. Fulton, Keyu Deng, Hongbo Xin, and Jiliang Zhou

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2021862118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021862118
  • Open Access

    A conserved long noncoding RNA, GAPLINC, modulates the immune response during endotoxic shock

    Apple Cortez Vollmers, Sergio Covarrubias, Daisy Kuang, Aaron Shulkin, Justin Iwuagwu, Sol Katzman, Ran Song, Kasthuribai Viswanathan, Christopher Vollmers, Edward Wakeland, and Susan Carpenter

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2016648118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016648118

• Medical Sciences

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    Nonsurgical treatment of skin cancer with local delivery of bioadhesive nanoparticles

    • From the Cover

    Jamie K. Hu, Hee-Won Suh, Munibah Qureshi, Julia M. Lewis, Sharon Yaqoob, Zoe M. Moscato, Sofia Griff, Alison K. Lee, Emily S. Yin, W. Mark Saltzman, and Michael Girardi

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2020575118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020575118
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    The mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase system (TrxR2) in vascular endothelium controls peroxynitrite levels and tissue integrity

    Petra Kameritsch, Miriam Singer, Christoph Nuernbergk, Natalia Rios, Aníbal M. Reyes, Kjestine Schmidt, Julian Kirsch, Holger Schneider, Susanna Müller, Kristin Pogoda, Ruicen Cui, Thomas Kirchner, Cor de Wit, Bärbel Lange-Sperandio, Ulrich Pohl, Marcus Conrad, Rafael Radi, and Heike Beck

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e1921828118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1921828118

• Microbiology

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    Molecular reprogramming and phenotype switching in Staphylococcus aureus lead to high antibiotic persistence and affect therapy success

    Markus Huemer, Srikanth Mairpady Shambat, Judith Bergada-Pijuan, Sandra Söderholm, Mathilde Boumasmoud, Clément Vulin, Alejandro Gómez-Mejia, Minia Antelo Varela, Vishwachi Tripathi, Sandra Götschi, Ewerton Marques Maggio, Barbara Hasse, Silvio D. Brugger, Dirk Bumann, Reto A. Schuepbach, and Annelies S. Zinkernagel

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2014920118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2014920118
  • Open Access

    A novel stabilization mechanism for the type VI secretion system sheath

    Patricia Bernal, R. Christopher D. Furniss, Selina Fecht, Rhoda C. Y. Leung, Livia Spiga, Despoina A. I. Mavridou, and Alain Filloux

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2008500118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2008500118
  • Open Access

    Staphylococcal protein A inhibits complement activation by interfering with IgG hexamer formation

    Ana Rita Cruz, Maurits A. den Boer, Jürgen Strasser, Seline A. Zwarthoff, Frank J. Beurskens, Carla J. C. de Haas, Piet C. Aerts, Guanbo Wang, Rob N. de Jong, Fabio Bagnoli, Jos A. G. van Strijp, Kok P. M. van Kessel, Janine Schuurman, Johannes Preiner, Albert J. R. Heck, and Suzan H. M. Rooijakkers

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2016772118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2016772118
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    Dissecting serotype-specific contributions to live oral cholera vaccine efficacy

    Brandon Sit, Bolutife Fakoya, Ting Zhang, Gabriel Billings, and Matthew K. Waldor

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2018032118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018032118

• Neuroscience

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    Selective modulation of interhemispheric connectivity by transcranial alternating current stimulation influences binaural integration

    Basil C. Preisig, Lars Riecke, Matthias J. Sjerps, Anne Kösem, Benjamin R. Kop, Bob Bramson, Peter Hagoort, and Alexis Hervais-Adelman

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2015488118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015488118
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    Secretagogin marks amygdaloid PKCδ interneurons and modulates NMDA receptor availability

    Zsófia Hevesi, Dóra Zelena, Roman A. Romanov, János Hanics, Attila Ignácz, Alice Zambon, Daniela D. Pollak, Dávid Lendvai, Katalin Schlett, Miklós Palkovits, Tibor Harkany, Tomas G. M. Hökfelt, and Alán Alpár

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e1921123118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1921123118
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    Basal forebrain mediates prosocial behavior via disinhibition of midbrain dopamine neurons

    Jun Wang, Jie Li, Qian Yang, Ya-Kai Xie, Ya-Lan Wen, Zhen-Zhong Xu, Yulong Li, Tianle Xu, Zhi-Ying Wu, Shumin Duan, and Han Xu

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2019295118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019295118
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    Crossed–uncrossed projections from primate retina are adapted to disparities of natural scenes

    Agostino Gibaldi, Noah C. Benson, and Martin S. Banks

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2015651118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2015651118
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    Multisensory interactions regulate feeding behavior in Drosophila

    Soo Min Oh, Kyunghwa Jeong, Jeong Taeg Seo, and Seok Jun Moon

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2004523118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004523118
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    Prolonged anesthesia alters brain synaptic architecture

    Michael Wenzel, Alexander Leunig, Shuting Han, Darcy S. Peterka, and Rafael Yuste

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2023676118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023676118
  • Open Access

    Placental genomic risk scores and early neurodevelopmental outcomes

    Gianluca Ursini, Giovanna Punzi, Benjamin W. Langworthy, Qiang Chen, Kai Xia, Emil A. Cornea, Barbara D. Goldman, Martin A. Styner, Rebecca C. Knickmeyer, John H. Gilmore, and Daniel R. Weinberger

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2019789118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019789118

• Physiology

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    METTL3-dependent N⁶-methyladenosine RNA modification mediates the atherogenic inflammatory cascades in vascular endothelium

    Chian-Shiu Chien, Julie Yi-Shuan Li, Yueh Chien, Mong-Lien Wang, Aliaksandr A. Yarmishyn, Ping-Hsing Tsai, Chi-Chang Juan, Phu Nguyen, Hao-min Cheng, Teh-Ia Huo, Shih-Hwa Chiou, and Shu Chien

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2025070118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2025070118
  • Open Access

    β-Adrenergic control of sarcolemmal Ca_V1.2 abundance by small GTPase Rab proteins

    Silvia G. del Villar, Taylor L. Voelker, Maartje Westhoff, Gopireddy R. Reddy, Heather C. Spooner, Manuel F. Navedo, Eamonn J. Dickson, and Rose E. Dixon

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2017937118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2017937118
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    A single historical substitution drives an increase in acetylcholine receptor complexity

    Johnathon R. Emlaw, Christian J. G. Tessier, Gregory D. McCluskey, Melissa S. McNulty, Yusuf Sheikh, Kelly M. Burkett, Maria Musgaard, and Corrie J. B. daCosta

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2018731118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2018731118

• Plant Biology

  • Open Access

    Gene duplication at the Fascicled ear1 locus controls the fate of inflorescence meristem cells in maize

    Yanfang Du, China Lunde, Yunfu Li, David Jackson, Sarah Hake, and Zuxin Zhang

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2019218118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019218118

• Sustainability Science

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    Reductions in NO₂ burden over north equatorial Africa from decline in biomass burning in spite of growing fossil fuel use, 2005 to 2017

    Jonathan E. Hickman, Niels Andela, Kostas Tsigaridis, Corinne Galy-Lacaux, Money Ossohou, and Susanne E. Bauer

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2002579118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002579118
  • Open Access

    Global inequities and political borders challenge nature conservation under climate change

    Mark A. Titley, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Victoria R. Jones, Mark J. Whittingham, and Stephen G. Willis

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2011204118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2011204118

• Systems Biology

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    Chromatophores efficiently promote light-driven ATP synthesis and DNA transcription inside hybrid multicompartment artificial cells

    Emiliano Altamura, Paola Albanese, Roberto Marotta, Francesco Milano, Michele Fiore, Massimo Trotta, Pasquale Stano, and Fabio Mavelli

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2012170118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012170118
  • Open Access

    Hormone seasonality in medical records suggests circannual endocrine circuits

    Avichai Tendler, Alon Bar, Netta Mendelsohn-Cohen, Omer Karin, Yael Korem Kohanim, Lior Maimon, Tomer Milo, Moriya Raz, Avi Mayo, Amos Tanay, and Uri Alon

    PNAS February 16, 2021 118 (7) e2003926118; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2003926118