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Research Article

Modulation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility to vertebrate antibacterial peptides due to a member of the resistance/nodulation/division efflux pump family

W. M. Shafer, X.-D. Qu, A. J. Waring, and R. I. Lehrer
PNAS February 17, 1998 95 (4) 1829-1833; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.4.1829
W. M. Shafer
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X.-D. Qu
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A. J. Waring
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R. I. Lehrer
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  1. Communicated by Emil C. Gotschlich, Rockefeller University, New York, NY (received for review October 14, 1997)

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Abstract

We have previously described the antibacterial capacity of protegrin-1 (PG-1), a cysteine-rich, cationic peptide from porcine leukocytes, against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. We now report genetic and biochemical evidence that gonococcal susceptibility to the lethal action of PG-1 and other structurally unrelated antibacterial peptides, including a peptide (LL-37) that is expressed constitutively by human granulocytes and testis and inducibly by keratinocytes, is modulated by an energy-dependent efflux system termed mtr. These results indicate that such efflux systems may enable mucosal pathogens like gonococci to resist endogenous antimicrobial peptides that are thought to act during infection.

Footnotes

    • ↵‡ To whom reprint requests should be addressed. e-mail: wshafer{at}emory.edu.

  • ABBREVIATIONS

    CCCP,
    carbonyl cynanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone;
    HA,
    hydrophobic agents;
    mtr,
    multiple transferrable resistance;
    MGIC,
    minimal growth inhibitory concentration;
    PG-1,
    protegrin-1;
    RND,
    resistance/nodulation/division;
    cfu,
    colony-forming unit;
    PMF,
    proton motive force
    • Received October 14, 1997.
    • Accepted December 8, 1997.
    • Copyright © 1998, The National Academy of Sciences
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    Modulation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility to vertebrate antibacterial peptides due to a member of the resistance/nodulation/division efflux pump family
    W. M. Shafer, X.-D. Qu, A. J. Waring, R. I. Lehrer
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Feb 1998, 95 (4) 1829-1833; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.4.1829

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    Modulation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility to vertebrate antibacterial peptides due to a member of the resistance/nodulation/division efflux pump family
    W. M. Shafer, X.-D. Qu, A. J. Waring, R. I. Lehrer
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Feb 1998, 95 (4) 1829-1833; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.4.1829
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