Table of Contents

Biological Sciences

• Agricultural Sciences

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    Genetic mapping of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxins in diamondback moth using biphasic linkage analysis

    David G. Heckel, Linda J. Gahan, Yong-Biao Liu, and Bruce E. Tabashnik

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8373-8377; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8373

• Biochemistry

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    Crystal structure of the pleckstrin homology-phosphotyrosine binding (PH-PTB) targeting region of insulin receptor substrate 1

    Sirano Dhe-Paganon, Elizabeth A. Ottinger, Robert T. Nolte, Michael J. Eck, and Steven E. Shoelson

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8378-8383; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8378
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    A structural snapshot of an intermediate on the streptavidin–biotin dissociation pathway

    Stefanie Freitag, Vano Chu, Julie E. Penzotti, Lisa A. Klumb, Richard To, David Hyre, Isolde Le Trong, Terry P. Lybrand, Ronald E. Stenkamp, and Patrick S. Stayton

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8384-8389; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8384
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    Interactions of Escherichia coli σ⁷⁰ within the transcription elongation complex

    Shirley S. Daube and Peter H. von Hippel

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8390-8395; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8390
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    Crystal structure of ERA: A GTPase-dependent cell cycle regulator containing an RNA binding motif

    Xin Chen, Donald L. Court, and Xinhua Ji

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8396-8401; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8396
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    A novel function for transglutaminase 1: Attachment of long-chain ω-hydroxyceramides to involucrin by ester bond formation

    Zoltán Nemes, Lyuben N. Marekov, Lázló Fésüs, and Peter M. Steinert

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8402-8407; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8402
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    Crystallographic analysis of CD40 recognition and signaling by human TRAF2

    Sarah M. McWhirter, Steven S. Pullen, James M. Holton, James J. Crute, Marilyn R. Kehry, and Tom Alber

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8408-8413; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8408
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    A model for the mechanism of strand passage by DNA gyrase

    Sotirios C. Kampranis, Andrew D. Bates, and Anthony Maxwell

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8414-8419; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8414
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    Three-dimensional structure of low density lipoproteins by electron cryomicroscopy

    Elena V. Orlova, Michael B. Sherman, Wah Chiu, Hiro Mowri, Louis C. Smith, and Antonio M. Gotto Jr.

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8420-8425; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8420
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    Protein preservation and DNA retrieval from ancient tissues

    Hendrik N. Poinar and B. Artur Stankiewicz

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8426-8431; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8426
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    A role for coenzyme M (2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid) in a bacterial pathway of aliphatic epoxide carboxylation

    Jeffrey R. Allen, Daniel D. Clark, Jonathan G. Krum, and Scott A. Ensign

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8432-8437; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8432
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    Hot-spot mutants of p53 core domain evince characteristic local structural changes

    Kam-Bo Wong, Brian S. DeDecker, Stefan M. V. Freund, Mark R. Proctor, Mark Bycroft, and Alan R. Fersht

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8438-8442; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8438
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    Cell cycle regulation of Dfp1, an activator of the Hsk1 protein kinase

    Grant W. Brown and Thomas J. Kelly

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8443-8448; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8443
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    Human papillomavirus type 31 oncoproteins E6 and E7 are required for the maintenance of episomes during the viral life cycle in normal human keratinocytes

    Jennifer T. Thomas, Walter G. Hubert, Margaret N. Ruesch, and Laimonis A. Laimins

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8449-8454; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8449
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    The kinetoplast structure-specific endonuclease I is related to the 5′ exo/endonuclease domain of bacterial DNA polymerase I and colocalizes with the kinetoplast topoisomerase II and DNA polymerase β during replication

    Michele L. Engel and Dan S. Ray

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8455-8460; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8455
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    Gene silencing via protein-mediated subcellular localization of DNA

    Sook-Kyung Kim and James C. Wang

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8557-8561; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8557

    See companion article:

    • On the mechanism of silencing in Escherichia coli

      - Jul 20, 1999

• Biophysics

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    Characterization of lipid bilayer phases by confocal microscopy and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy

    Jonas Korlach, Petra Schwille, Watt W. Webb, and Gerald W. Feigenson

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8461-8466; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8461
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    Translocation of the catalytic domain of diphtheria toxin across planar phospholipid bilayers by its own T domain

    Kyoung Joon Oh, Lisa Senzel, R. John Collier, and Alan Finkelstein

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8467-8470; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8467
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    Mapping the sensitivity of T cells with an optical trap: Polarity and minimal number of receptors for Ca²⁺ signaling

    Xunbin Wei, Bruce J. Tromberg, and Michael D. Cahalan

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8471-8476; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8471
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    A systematic study of low-resolution recognition in protein–protein complexes

    Ilya A. Vakser, Omar G. Matar, and Chan F. Lam

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8477-8482; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8477

• Cell Biology

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    Development of gene-switch transgenic mice that inducibly express transforming growth factor β1 in the epidermis

    Xiao-Jing Wang, Kristin M. Liefer, Sophia Tsai, Bert W. O’Malley, and Dennis R. Roop

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8483-8488; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8483
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    The tumor-suppressor gene FHIT is involved in the regulation of apoptosis and in cell cycle control

    Laura Sard, Paola Accornero, Silvana Tornielli, Domenico Delia, Giuseppe Bunone, Manuela Campiglio, Mario P. Colombo, Marcella Gramegna, Carlo M. Croce, Marco A. Pierotti, and Gabriella Sozzi

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8489-8492; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8489
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    Retention of the Bub3 checkpoint protein on lagging chromosomes

    Maria J. Martinez-Exposito, Kenneth B. Kaplan, Jay Copeland, and Peter K. Sorger

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8493-8498; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8493
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    TID1, a human homolog of the Drosophila tumor suppressor l(2)tid, encodes two mitochondrial modulators of apoptosis with opposing functions

    Josh Syken, Tali De-Medina, and Karl Münger

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8499-8504; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8499
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    Mammalian unfolded protein response inhibits cyclin D1 translation and cell-cycle progression

    Joseph W. Brewer, Linda M. Hendershot, Charles J. Sherr, and J. Alan Diehl

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8505-8510; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8505
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    Suppression of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1-induced cell death by 14-3-3 proteins

    Lixin Zhang, Jing Chen, and Haian Fu

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8511-8515; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8511
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    The cytosolic tail of class I MHC heavy chain is required for its dislocation by the human cytomegalovirus US2 and US11 gene products

    Craig M. Story, Margo H. Furman, and Hidde L. Ploegh

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8516-8521; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8516
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    Hsl7p, a negative regulator of Ste20p protein kinase in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae filamentous growth-signaling pathway

    Atsushi Fujita, Akio Tonouchi, Takatoshi Hiroko, Fumika Inose, Takeyuki Nagashima, Rika Satoh, and Shigeko Tanaka

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8522-8527; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8522

• Developmental Biology

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    Genetic evidence that Shp-2 tyrosine phosphatase is a signal enhancer of the epidermal growth factor receptor in mammals

    Cheng-Kui Qu, Wen-Mei Yu, Biagio Azzarelli, and Gen-Sheng Feng

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8528-8533; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8528

• Ecology

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    Natural ¹³C abundance reveals trophic status of fungi and host-origin of carbon in mycorrhizal fungi in mixed forests

    Peter Högberg, Agneta H. Plamboeck, Andrew F. S. Taylor, and Petra M. A. Fransson

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8534-8539; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8534

• Evolution

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    Divergent evolution of membrane protein topology: The Escherichia coli RnfA and RnfE homologues

    Annika Sääf, Marie Johansson, Erik Wallin, and Gunnar von Heijne

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8540-8544; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8540
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    Transcription in Archaea

    Nikos C. Kyrpides and Christos A. Ouzounis

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8545-8550; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8545

• Genetics

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    The magical touch: Genome targeting in epidermal stem cells induced by tamoxifen application to mouse skin

    Valeri Vasioukhin, Linda Degenstein, Bart Wise, and Elaine Fuchs

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8551-8556; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8551
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    Gene silencing via protein-mediated subcellular localization of DNA

    Sook-Kyung Kim and James C. Wang

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8557-8561; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8557

    See companion article:

    • On the mechanism of silencing in Escherichia coli

      - Jul 20, 1999
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    Mucolipidosis IV consists of one complementation group

    Ehud Goldin, Adele Cooney, Christine R. Kaneski, Roscoe O. Brady, and Raphael Schiffmann

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8562-8566; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8562
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    “Mutagenesis” by peptide aptamers identifies genetic network members and pathway connections

    C. Ronald Geyer, Alejandro Colman-Lerner, and Roger Brent

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8567-8572; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8567
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    Thirty-seven candidate genes for polycystic ovary syndrome: Strongest evidence for linkage is with follistatin

    Margrit Urbanek, Richard S. Legro, Deborah A. Driscoll, Ricardo Azziz, David A. Ehrmann, Robert J. Norman, Jerome F. Strauss III, Richard S. Spielman, and Andrea Dunaif

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8573-8578; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8573

    See companion article:

    • A paradigm for finding genes for a complex human trait: Polycystic ovary syndrome and follistatin

      - Jul 20, 1999
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    An agouti mutation lacking the basic domain induces yellow pigmentation but not obesity in transgenic mice

    R. J. Miltenberger, R. L. Mynatt, B. D. Bruce, W. O. Wilkison, R. P. Woychik, and E. J. Michaud

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8579-8584; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8579

• Immunology

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    Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and antenatal human B cell lymphopoiesis: Expression of SDF-1 by mesothelial cells and biliary ductal plate epithelial cells

    Aurore Coulomb-L’Herminé, Ali Amara, Claudine Schiff, Ingrid Durand-Gasselin, Arnaud Foussat, Thierry Delaunay, Gérard Chaouat, Frédérique Capron, Nathalie Ledee, Pierre Galanaud, Fernando Arenzana-Seisdedos, and Dominique Emilie

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8585-8590; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8585
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    Tumor-targeted IL-2 amplifies T cell-mediated immune response induced by gene therapy with single-chain IL-12

    Holger N. Lode, Rong Xiang, Steven R. Duncan, Argyrios N. Theofilopoulos, Stephen D. Gillies, and Ralph A. Reisfeld

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8591-8596; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8591
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    In vivo proliferation of naïve and memory influenza-specific CD8⁺ T cells

    Kirsten J. Flynn, Janice M. Riberdy, Jan P. Christensen, John D. Altman, and Peter C. Doherty

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8597-8602; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8597
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    Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) regulates primary and secondary peptide-specific CD4⁺ T cell responses

    Cynthia A. Chambers, Michael S. Kuhns, and James P. Allison

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8603-8608; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8603
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    Induction of hyporesponsiveness to intact foreign protein via retroviral-mediated gene expression: The IgG scaffold is important for induction and maintenance of immune hyporesponsiveness

    Yubin Kang, Marco Melo, Edward Deng, Roland Tisch, Moustapha El-Amine, and David W. Scott

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8609-8614; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8609
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    One Lyn molecule is sufficient to initiate phosphorylation of aggregated high-affinity IgE receptors

    Carla Wofsy, Becky M. Vonakis, Henry Metzger, and Byron Goldstein

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8615-8620; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8615
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    The lack of consensus for I-A^g7-peptide binding motifs: Is there a requirement for anchor amino acid side chains?

    Eugenio Carrasco-Marin, Osami Kanagawa, and Emil R. Unanue

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8621-8626; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8621
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    Dipeptidyl peptidase I is required for the processing and activation of granzymes A and B in vivo

    Christine T. N. Pham and Timothy J. Ley

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8627-8632; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8627

    See companion article:

    • How to induce involuntary suicide: The need for dipeptidyl peptidase I

      - Jul 20, 1999
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    CD4⁺ T cells eliminate MHC class II-negative cancer cells in vivo by indirect effects of IFN-γ

    Dominik Mumberg, Paul A. Monach, Sherry Wanderling, Mary Philip, Alicia Y. Toledano, Robert D. Schreiber, and Hans Schreiber

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8633-8638; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8633

• Medical Sciences

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    Potent selective nonpeptidic inhibitors of human lung tryptase

    Laurence E. Burgess, Bradley J. Newhouse, Prabha Ibrahim, James Rizzi, Mohammed A. Kashem, Ann Hartman, Barbara J. Brandhuber, Clifford D. Wright, David S. Thomson, Guy P. A. Vigers, and Kevin Koch

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8348-8352; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8348
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    CD8⁺ minor histocompatibility antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones eliminate human acute myeloid leukemia stem cells

    Dominique Bonnet, Edus H. Warren, Philip D. Greenberg, John E. Dick, and Stanley R. Riddell

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8639-8644; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8639
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    Defective CTLA-4 cycling pathway in Chediak–Higashi syndrome: A possible mechanism for deregulation of T lymphocyte activation

    Franck J. Barrat, Françoise Le Deist, Malika Benkerrou, Philippe Bousso, Jérome Feldmann, Alain Fischer, and Geneviève de Saint Basile

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8645-8650; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8645
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    Elevated retinoic acid receptor β₄ protein in human breast tumor cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic localization

    Karen M. Sommer, Lucinda I. Chen, Piper M. Treuting, Lynne T. Smith, and Karen Swisshelm

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8651-8656; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8651
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    Long-term regulated expression of growth hormone in mice after intramuscular gene transfer

    Victor M. Rivera, Xuehai Ye, Nancy L. Courage, Jeff Sachar, Frank Cerasoli Jr., James M. Wilson, and Michael Gilman

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8657-8662; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8657
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    Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production and angiogenesis by the cytoplasmic tail of tissue factor

    Keisuke Abe, Mamoru Shoji, Jiang Chen, Angelika Bierhaus, Indrani Danave, Cornelia Micko, Katherine Casper, Dirck L. Dillehay, Peter P. Nawroth, and Frederick R. Rickles

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8663-8668; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8663
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    Medin: An integral fragment of aortic smooth muscle cell-produced lactadherin forms the most common human amyloid

    Bo Häggqvist, Jan Näslund, Knut Sletten, Gunilla T. Westermark, Gerd Mucchiano, Lars O. Tjernberg, Christer Nordstedt, Ulla Engström, and Per Westermark

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8669-8674; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8669
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    JE-2147: A dipeptide protease inhibitor (PI) that potently inhibits multi-PI-resistant HIV-1

    Kazuhisa Yoshimura, Ryohei Kato, Keisuke Yusa, Mark F. Kavlick, Victor Maroun, Aline Nguyen, Tsutomu Mimoto, Takamasa Ueno, Makoto Shintani, Judith Falloon, Henry Masur, Hideya Hayashi, John Erickson, and Hiroaki Mitsuya

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8675-8680; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8675
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    CpG island methylator phenotype in colorectal cancer

    Minoru Toyota, Nita Ahuja, Mutsumi Ohe-Toyota, James G. Herman, Stephen B. Baylin, and Jean-Pierre J. Issa

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8681-8686; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8681
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    Transient expression of DNA and RNA in parasitic helminths by using particle bombardment

    Richard E. Davis, Angelica Parra, Philip T. LoVerde, Eugenia Ribeiro, Gina Glorioso, and Scott Hodgson

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8687-8692; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8687
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    A heterozygous mutation of β-actin associated with neutrophil dysfunction and recurrent infection

    Hiroyuki Nunoi, Tsuyoshi Yamazaki, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Seishi Kato, Harry L. Malech, Ichiro Matsuda, and Shiro Kanegasaki

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8693-8698; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8693
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    Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir-induced apoptosis involves ligand-independent death receptor aggregation and activation of caspases

    Christian Beltinger, Simone Fulda, Thomas Kammertoens, Eric Meyer, Wolfgang Uckert, and Klaus-Michael Debatin

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8699-8704; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8699
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    Negative cross-talk between hematopoietic regulators: GATA proteins repress PU.1

    Pu Zhang, Gerhard Behre, Jing Pan, Atsushi Iwama, Nawarat Wara-aswapati, Hanna S. Radomska, Philip E. Auron, Daniel G. Tenen, and Zijie Sun

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8705-8710; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8705
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    Cancer dormancy and cell signaling: Induction of p21^waf1 initiated by membrane IgM engagement increases survival of B lymphoma cells

    Radu Marches, Robert Hsueh, and Jonathan W. Uhr

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8711-8715; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8711

• Microbiology

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    Dynamics of Helicobacter pylori colonization in relation to the host response

    Martin J. Blaser and Denise Kirschner

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8359-8364; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8359
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    A set of independent selectable markers for transfection of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum

    Choukri Ben Mamoun, Ilya Y. Gluzman, Sophie Goyard, Stephen M. Beverley, and Daniel E. Goldberg

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8716-8720; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8716

• Neurobiology

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    Differential acute and chronic responses of tumor necrosis factor-deficient mice to experimental brain injury

    Uwe Scherbel, Ramesh Raghupathi, Michio Nakamura, Kathryn E. Saatman, John Q. Trojanowski, Edmund Neugebauer, Michael W. Marino, and Tracy K. McIntosh

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8721-8726; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8721
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    Transgenic mice expressing a Huntington’s disease mutation are resistant to quinolinic acid-induced striatal excitotoxicity

    Oskar Hansson, Åsa Petersén, Marcel Leist, Pierluigi Nicotera, Roger F. Castilho, and Patrik Brundin

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8727-8732; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8727
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    Inhibition of uptake unmasks rapid extracellular turnover of glutamate of nonvesicular origin

    D. Jabaudon, K. Shimamoto, Y. Yasuda-Kamatani, M. Scanziani, B. H. Gähwiler, and U. Gerber

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8733-8738; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8733
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    Novelty acquisition is associated with induction of hippocampal long-term depression

    Denise Manahan-Vaughan and Karl-Heinz Braunewell

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8739-8744; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8739
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    Lithium activates the serine/threonine kinase Akt-1 and suppresses glutamate-induced inhibition of Akt-1 activity in neurons

    Elzbieta Chalecka-Franaszek and De-Maw Chuang

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8745-8750; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8745
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    Cross-modal reorganization of callosal connectivity without altering thalamocortical projections

    Sarah L. Pallas, Thomas Littman, and David R. Moore

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8751-8756; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8751

• Physiology

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    Intravascular flow decreases erythrocyte consumption of nitric oxide

    James C. Liao, Travis W. Hein, Mark W. Vaughn, Kuang-Tse Huang, and Lih Kuo

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8757-8761; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8757

• Plant Biology

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    The violaxanthin cycle protects plants from photooxidative damage by more than one mechanism

    Michel Havaux and Krishna K. Niyogi

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8762-8767; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8762
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    Targeted manipulation of maize genes in vivo using chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotides

    Tong Zhu, David J. Peterson, Laura Tagliani, Grace St. Clair, Chris L. Baszczynski, and Ben Bowen

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8768-8773; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8768

    See companion article:

    • Gene therapy in plants

      - Jul 20, 1999
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    A tool for functional plant genomics: Chimeric RNA/DNA oligonucleotides cause in vivo gene-specific mutations

    Peter R. Beetham, Peter B. Kipp, Xenia L. Sawycky, Charles J. Arntzen, and Gregory D. May

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8774-8778; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8774

    See companion article:

    • Gene therapy in plants

      - Jul 20, 1999
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    LOV (light, oxygen, or voltage) domains of the blue-light photoreceptor phototropin (nph1): Binding sites for the chromophore flavin mononucleotide

    John M. Christie, Michael Salomon, Kazunari Nozue, Masamitsu Wada, and Winslow R. Briggs

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8779-8783; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8779
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    Algae displaying the diadinoxanthin cycle also possess the violaxanthin cycle

    Martin Lohr and Christian Wilhelm

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8784-8789; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8784

• Psychology

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    How can we boost IQs of “dull children”?: A late adoption study

    Michel Duyme, Annick-Camille Dumaret, and Stanislaw Tomkiewicz

    PNAS July 20, 1999 96 (15) 8790-8794; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.15.8790