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Biological Sciences

• Biochemistry

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    Uncovering the [2Fe2S] domain movement in cytochrome bc₁ and its implications for energy conversion

    Elisabeth Darrouzet, Maria Valkova-Valchanova, Christopher C. Moser, P. Leslie Dutton, and Fevzi Daldal

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4567-4572; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4567
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    The crystal structure of palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1 and the molecular basis of infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis

    John J. Bellizzi III, Joanne Widom, Christopher Kemp, Jui-Yun Lu, Amit K. Das, Sandra L. Hofmann, and Jon Clardy

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4573-4578; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080508097
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    A Nedd8 conjugation pathway is essential for proteolytic targeting of p27^Kip1 by ubiquitination

    Vladimir N. Podust, James E. Brownell, Tatiana B. Gladysheva, Rong-Shu Luo, Chunhua Wang, Michael B. Coggins, Jacqueline W. Pierce, Eric S. Lightcap, and Vincent Chau

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4579-4584; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090465597
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    The in vitro and in vivo phosphotyrosine map of activated MuSK

    Anke Watty, Gitte Neubauer, Mathias Dreger, Manuel Zimmer, Matthias Wilm, and Steven J. Burden

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4585-4590; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080061997
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    The Dewar photoproduct of thymidylyl(3′→5′)- thymidine (Dewar product) exhibits mutagenic behavior in accordance with the “A rule”

    Joon-Hwa Lee, Sung-Hun Bae, and Byong-Seok Choi

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4591-4596; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080057097
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    Selecting rRNA binding sites for the ribosomal proteins L4 and L6 from randomly fragmented rRNA: Application of a method called SERF

    Ulrich Stelzl, Christian M. T. Spahn, and Knud H. Nierhaus

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4597-4602; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090009297
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    Functional interaction between the Werner Syndrome protein and DNA polymerase δ

    A. S. Kamath-Loeb, E. Johansson, P. M. J. Burgers, and L. A. Loeb

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4603-4608; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4603
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    The protein translocation channel mediates glycopeptide export across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane

    Pauline Gillece, Marinus Pilon, and Karin Römisch

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4609-4614; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090083497
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    Raf induces NF-κB by membrane shuttle kinase MEKK1, a signaling pathway critical for transformation

    Bernd Baumann, Christoph K. Weber, Jakob Troppmair, Simon Whiteside, Alain Israel, Ulf R. Rapp, and Thomas Wirth

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4615-4620; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080583397
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    Association of Escherichia coli ribosomes with the inner membrane requires the signal recognition particle receptor but is independent of the signal recognition particle

    Anat A. Herskovits and Eitan Bibi

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4621-4626; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080077197
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    A biological function for cadmium in marine diatoms

    Todd W. Lane and François M. M. Morel

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4627-4631; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090091397

• Biophysics

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    Single-electron reduction of the oxidized state is coupled to proton uptake via the K pathway in Paracoccus denitrificans cytochrome c oxidase

    Maarten Ruitenberg, Aimo Kannt, Ernst Bamberg, Bernd Ludwig, Hartmut Michel, and Klaus Fendler

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4632-4636; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080079097
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    The three-dimensional structure of halorhodopsin to 5 Å by electron crystallography: A new unbending procedure for two-dimensional crystals by using a global reference structure

    Edmund R. S. Kunji, Susanne von Gronau, Dieter Oesterhelt, and Richard Henderson

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4637-4642; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080064697
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    Local and distant protein structural changes on photoisomerization of the retinal in bacteriorhodopsin

    Hideki Kandori, Norimichi Kinoshita, Yoichi Yamazaki, Akio Maeda, Yoshinori Shichida, Richard Needleman, Janos K. Lanyi, Marina Bizounok, Judith Herzfeld, Jan Raap, and Johan Lugtenburg

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4643-4648; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080064797
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    Robust perfect adaptation in bacterial chemotaxis through integral feedback control

    Tau-Mu Yi, Yun Huang, Melvin I. Simon, and John Doyle

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4649-4653; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4649

• Cell Biology

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    Human neutrophil immunodeficiency syndrome is associated with an inhibitory Rac2 mutation

    Daniel R. Ambruso, Cindy Knall, Amy N. Abell, Julie Panepinto, Arlet Kurkchubasche, Gail Thurman, Carolina Gonzalez-Aller, Andrew Hiester, Martin deBoer, Ronald J. Harbeck, Ryan Oyer, Gary L. Johnson, and Dirk Roos

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4654-4659; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080074897
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    mRNA splicing-mediated C-terminal replacement of transcription factor Hac1p is required for efficient activation of the unfolded protein response

    Kazutoshi Mori, Naoki Ogawa, Tetsushi Kawahara, Hideki Yanagi, and Takashi Yura

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4660-4665; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.050010197
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    Outer mitochondrial membrane permeability can regulate coupled respiration and cell survival

    Matthew G. Vander Heiden, Navdeep S. Chandel, Xiao Xian Li, Paul T. Schumacker, Marco Colombini, and Craig B. Thompson

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4666-4671; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090082297
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    Protection from nitrosative stress by yeast flavohemoglobin

    Limin Liu, Ming Zeng, Alfred Hausladen, Joseph Heitman, and Jonathan S. Stamler

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4672-4676; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090083597
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    The human papillomavirus type 16 negative regulatory RNA element interacts with three proteins that act at different posttranscriptional levels

    Maria D. Koffa, Sheila V. Graham, Yoshio Takagaki, James L. Manley, and J. Barklie Clements

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4677-4682; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.070049097
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    Abnormal spermatogenesis and reduced fertility in transition nuclear protein 1-deficient mice

    Y. Eugene Yu, Yun Zhang, Emmanual Unni, Cynthia R. Shirley, Jian M. Deng, Lonnie D. Russell, Michael M. Weil, Richard R. Behringer, and Marvin L. Meistrich

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4683-4688; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4683
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    Progesterone-regulated genes in the ovulation process: ADAMTS-1 and cathepsin L proteases

    R. L. Robker, D. L. Russell, L. L. Espey, J. P. Lydon, B. W. O'Malley, and J. S. Richards

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4689-4694; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080073497

• Developmental Biology

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    Evolution of the chordate body plan: New insights from phylogenetic analyses of deuterostome phyla

    Chris B. Cameron, James R. Garey, and Billie J. Swalla

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4469-4474; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4469
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    Analysis of a complete homeobox gene repertoire: Implications for the evolution of diversity

    Claudia Kappen

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4481-4486; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4481
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    Wnt/Shh interactions regulate ectodermal boundary formation during mammalian tooth development

    Lena Sarkar, Martyn Cobourne, Stuart Naylor, Matthew Smalley, Trevor Dale, and Paul T. Sharpe

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4520-4524; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4520
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    Searching for the prototypic eye genetic network: Sine oculis is essential for eye regeneration in planarians

    D. Pineda, J. Gonzalez, P. Callaerts, K. Ikeo, W. J. Gehring, and E. Salo

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4525-4529; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4525
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    The mutated human gene encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β inhibits kidney formation in developing Xenopus embryos

    Wiltrud Wild, Elke Pogge von Strandmann, Aristotelis Nastos, Sabine Senkel, Anja Lingott-Frieg, Michael Bulman, Coralie Bingham, Sian Ellard, Andrew T. Hattersley, and Gerhart U. Ryffel

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4695-4700; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080010897

• Ecology

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    Evolution of the rodent eosinophil-associated RNase gene family by rapid gene sorting and positive selection

    Jianzhi Zhang, Kimberly D. Dyer, and Helene F. Rosenberg

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4701-4706; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080071397

• Evolution

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    Precambrian animal diversity: Putative phosphatized embryos from the Doushantuo Formation of China

    Jun-Yuan Chen, Paola Oliveri, Chia-Wei Li, Gui-Qing Zhou, Feng Gao, James W. Hagadorn, Kevin J. Peterson, and Eric H. Davidson

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4457-4462; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4457
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    Evolution of biological complexity

    Christoph Adami, Charles Ofria, and Travis C. Collier

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4463-4468; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4463
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    Evolution of the chordate body plan: New insights from phylogenetic analyses of deuterostome phyla

    Chris B. Cameron, James R. Garey, and Billie J. Swalla

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4469-4474; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4469
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    Pax gene diversity in the basal cnidarian Acropora millepora (Cnidaria, Anthozoa): Implications for the evolution of the Pax gene family

    David J. Miller, David C. Hayward, John S. Reece-Hoyes, Ingo Scholten, Julian Catmull, Walter J. Gehring, Patrick Callaerts, Jill E. Larsen, and Eldon E. Ball

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4475-4480; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4475
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    Quantitative assessment of Hox complex expression in the indirect development of the polychaete annelid Chaetopterus sp

    Kevin J. Peterson, Steven Q. Irvine, R. Andrew Cameron, and Eric H. Davidson

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4487-4492; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4487
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    Evolution of Antp-class genes and differential expression of Hydra Hox/paraHox genes in anterior patterning

    Dominique Gauchat, Françoise Mazet, Cédric Berney, Michèl Schummer, Sylvia Kreger, Jan Pawlowski, and Brigitte Galliot

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4493-4498; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4493
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    Caenorhabditis elegans embryonic axial patterning requires two recently discovered posterior-group Hox genes

    Kimberly Van Auken, Daniel C. Weaver, Lois G. Edgar, and William B. Wood

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4499-4503; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4499
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    Distinct roles of the homeotic genes Ubx and abd-A in beetle embryonic abdominal appendage development

    David L. Lewis, Mark DeCamillis, and Randy L. Bennett

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4504-4509; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4504
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    Implications of the Tribolium Deformed mutant phenotype for the evolution of Hox gene function

    Susan Brown, Mark DeCamillis, Karen Gonzalez-Charneco, Margaret Denell, Richard Beeman, Wensheng Nie, and Robin Denell

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4510-4514; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4510
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    Expression patterns of hairy, even-skipped, and runt in the spider Cupiennius salei imply that these genes were segmentation genes in a basal arthropod

    Wim G. M. Damen, Mathias Weller, and Diethard Tautz

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4515-4519; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4515
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    Divergence of larval morphology between Drosophila sechellia and its sibling species caused by cis-regulatory evolution of ovo/shaven-baby

    Élio Sucena and David L. Stern

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4530-4534; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4530
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    Evolution of the rodent eosinophil-associated RNase gene family by rapid gene sorting and positive selection

    Jianzhi Zhang, Kimberly D. Dyer, and Helene F. Rosenberg

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4701-4706; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080071397
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    Early Cretaceous lineages of monocot flowering plants

    Kåre Bremer

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4707-4711; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080421597
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    Primitive synteny of vertebrate major histocompatibility complex class I and class II genes

    Yuko Ohta, Kazuhiko Okamura, E. Churchill McKinney, Simona Bartl, Keiichiro Hashimoto, and Martin F. Flajnik

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4712-4717; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4712

• Genetics

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    A recombination hotspot delimits a wild-species quantitative trait locus for tomato sugar content to 484 bp within an invertase gene

    Eyal Fridman, Tzili Pleban, and Dani Zamir

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4718-4723; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4718
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    RNA polymerase I transcription factor Rrn3 is functionally conserved between yeast and human

    Beth Moorefield, Elizabeth A. Greene, and Ronald H. Reeder

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4724-4729; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080063997
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    A mutant hunt for defects in membrane protein assembly yields mutations affecting the bacterial signal recognition particle and Sec machinery

    Hongping Tian, Dana Boyd, and Jon Beckwith

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4730-4735; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090087297
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    Prolyl 4-hydroxylase is required for viability and morphogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans

    Lisa Friedman, Joshua J. Higgin, Gary Moulder, Robert Barstead, Ronald T. Raines, and Judith Kimble

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4736-4741; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4736
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    Muir–Torre-like syndrome in Fhit-deficient mice

    Louise Y. Y. Fong, Vincenzo Fidanza, Nicola Zanesi, Leslie F. Lock, Linda D. Siracusa, Rita Mancini, Zurab Siprashvili, Michelle Ottey, S. Eric Martin, Teresa Druck, Peter A. McCue, Carlo M. Croce, and Kay Huebner

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4742-4747; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080063497
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    Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α protein expression is controlled by oxygen-regulated ubiquitination that is disrupted by deletions and missense mutations

    Carrie Hayes Sutter, Erik Laughner, and Gregg L. Semenza

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4748-4753; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080072497
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    Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder children with a 7-repeat allele of the dopamine receptor D4 gene have extreme behavior but normal performance on critical neuropsychological tests of attention

    James Swanson, Jaap Oosterlaan, Michael Murias, Sabrina Schuck, Pamela Flodman, M. Anne Spence, Michael Wasdell, Yuanchun Ding, Han-Chang Chi, Moyra Smith, Miranda Mann, Caryn Carlson, James L. Kennedy, Joseph A. Sergeant, Patrick Leung, Ya-Ping Zhang, Avi Sadeh, Chuansheng Chen, Carol K. Whalen, Kimberley A. Babb, Robert Moyzis, and Michael I. Posner

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4754-4759; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080070897

• Immunology

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    Monitoring CD8 T cell responses to NY-ESO-1: Correlation of humoral and cellular immune responses

    Elke Jäger, Yasuhiro Nagata, Sacha Gnjatic, Hisashi Wada, Elisabeth Stockert, Julia Karbach, P. Rod Dunbar, Sang Yull Lee, Achim Jungbluth, Dirk Jäger, Michael Arand, Gerd Ritter, Vincenzo Cerundolo, Bo Dupont, Yao-Tseng Chen, Lloyd J. Old, and Alexander Knuth

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4760-4765; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4760
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    CD4⁺ T cells derived from B cell-deficient mice inhibit the establishment of peripheral B cell pools

    Nicole Baumgarth, Gina C. Jager, Ometa C. Herman, Leonard A. Herzenberg, and Leonore A. Herzenberg

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4766-4771; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4766
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    Lsh, an SNF2/helicase family member, is required for proliferation of mature T lymphocytes

    T. M. Geiman and K. Muegge

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4772-4777; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4772
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    Plasticity in the organization and sequences of human KIR/ILT gene families

    Michael J. Wilson, Michaela Torkar, Anja Haude, Sarah Milne, Tania Jones, Denise Sheer, Stephan Beck, and John Trowsdale

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4778-4783; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080588597
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    Identification of progenitor cells in long-term spleen stromal cultures that produce immature dendritic cells

    Heather L. Wilson, Keping Ni, and Helen C. O'Neill

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4784-4789; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080278897

• Medical Sciences

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    Dietary bioflavonoids induce cleavage in the MLL gene and may contribute to infant leukemia

    • From the Cover

    Reiner Strick, Pamela L. Strissel, Susanne Borgers, Steve L. Smith, and Janet D. Rowley

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4790-4795; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.070061297
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    Cytotoxic T cell immunity against telomerase reverse transcriptase in humans

    Boris Minev, Jason Hipp, Huseyin Firat, Joseph D. Schmidt, Pierre Langlade-Demoyen, and Maurizio Zanetti

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4796-4801; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.070560797
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    Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of endostatin in vivo results in high level of transgene expression and inhibition of tumor growth and metastases

    Bernhard V. Sauter, Olivier Martinet, Wei-Jian Zhang, John Mandeli, and Savio L. C. Woo

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4802-4807; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090065597
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    Discovery of a spermatogenesis stage-specific ornithine decarboxylase antizyme: Antizyme 3

    • From the Cover

    Ivaylo P. Ivanov, Andreas Rohrwasser, Daniel A. Terreros, Raymond F. Gesteland, and John F. Atkins

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4808-4813; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.070055897
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    l-Amino acid sensing by the extracellular Ca²⁺-sensing receptor

    • From the Cover

    Arthur D. Conigrave, Stephen J. Quinn, and Edward M. Brown

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4814-4819; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4814
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    Mutations in the tumor suppressors Smad2 and Smad4 inactivate transforming growth factor β signaling by targeting Smads to the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway

    Jing Xu and Liliana Attisano

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4820-4825; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4820
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    Conditional expression of a G_i-coupled receptor causes ventricular conduction delay and a lethal cardiomyopathy

    Charles H. Redfern, Michael Y. Degtyarev, Andrew T. Kwa, Nathan Salomonis, Nathalie Cotte, Tania Nanevicz, Nick Fidelman, Kavin Desai, Karen Vranizan, Elena K. Lee, Peter Coward, Nila Shah, Janet A. Warrington, Glenn I. Fishman, Daniel Bernstein, Anthony J. Baker, and Bruce R. Conklin

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4826-4831; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4826
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    HIV-1 gp120 and chemokines activate ion channels in primary macrophages through CCR5 and CXCR4 stimulation

    Qing-Hua Liu, Darlisha A. Williams, Carrie McManus, Frédéric Baribaud, Robert W. Doms, Dominique Schols, Erik De Clercq, Michael I. Kotlikoff, Ronald G. Collman, and Bruce D. Freedman

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4832-4837; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090521697
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    Human herpesvirus 8 infections in the Amsterdam Cohort Studies (1984–1997): Analysis of seroconversions to ORF65 and ORF73

    Jaap Goudsmit, Neil Renwick, Nicole H. T. M. Dukers, Roel A. Coutinho, Siem Heisterkamp, Margreet Bakker, Thomas F. Schulz, Marion Cornelissen, and Gerrit J. Weverling

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4838-4843; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4838
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    15-Deoxy-Δ^12,14-prostaglandin J₂ inhibits multiple steps in the NF-κB signaling pathway

    Daniel S. Straus, Gabriel Pascual, Mei Li, John S. Welch, Mercedes Ricote, Chin-Hui Hsiang, Lei Lei Sengchanthalangsy, Gourisankar Ghosh, and Christopher K. Glass

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4844-4849; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4844

• Microbiology

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    Development of an extrachromosomal cloning vector system for use in Borrelia burgdorferi

    Marina Sartakova, Elena Dobrikova, and Felipe C. Cabello

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4850-4855; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080068797
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    The Pseudomonas syringae Hrp pathogenicity island has a tripartite mosaic structure composed of a cluster of type III secretion genes bounded by exchangeable effector and conserved effector loci that contribute to parasitic fitness and pathogenicity in plants

    James R. Alfano, Amy O. Charkowski, Wen-Ling Deng, Jorge L. Badel, Tanja Petnicki-Ocwieja, Karin van Dijk, and Alan Collmer

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4856-4861; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4856
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    Adeno-associated virus site-specifically integrates into a muscle-specific DNA region

    Nathalie Dutheil, Fabiao Shi, Thierry Dupressoir, and R. Michael Linden

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4862-4866; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080079397
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    The murine homolog of human Nectin1δ serves as a species nonspecific mediator for entry of human and animal αherpesviruses in a pathway independent of a detectable binding to gD

    Laura Menotti, Marc Lopez, Elisa Avitabile, Alessandra Stefan, Francesca Cocchi, Jose Adelaide, Eric Lecocq, Patrice Dubreuil, and Gabriella Campadelli-Fiume

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4867-4872; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4867
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    A self-recombining bacterial artificial chromosome and its application for analysis of herpesvirus pathogenesis

    Gregory A. Smith and Lynn W. Enquist

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4873-4878; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080502497
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    Genome-wide analysis of vaccinia virus protein–protein interactions

    Stephen McCraith, Ted Holtzman, Bernard Moss, and Stanley Fields

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4879-4884; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080078197
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    Inorganic polyphosphate is needed for swimming, swarming, and twitching motilities of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

    M. Harunur Rashid and Arthur Kornberg

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4885-4890; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.060030097
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    Inhibition of the expression of penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae by inactivation of cell wall muropeptide branching genes

    Sergio R. Filipe and Alexander Tomasz

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4891-4896; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080067697

• Neurobiology

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    Fiber diffraction of synthetic α-synuclein filaments shows amyloid-like cross-β conformation

    Louise C. Serpell, John Berriman, Ross Jakes, Michel Goedert, and R. Anthony Crowther

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4897-4902; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4897
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    Prostaglandin D synthase gene is involved in the regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep

    Elena Pinzar, Yoshihide Kanaoka, Takashi Inui, Naomi Eguchi, Yoshihiro Urade, and Osamu Hayaishi

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4903-4907; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090093997
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    Identification with a recombinant antibody of an inner-ear cytokeratin, a marker for hair-cell differentiation

    Janet L. Cyr, Andrea M. Bell, and A. J. Hudspeth

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4908-4913; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.070050797
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    Colocalization and coassembly of two human brain M-type potassium channel subunits that are mutated in epilepsy

    Edward C. Cooper, Kenneth D. Aldape, Aviva Abosch, Nicholas M. Barbaro, Mitchel S. Berger, Warwick S. Peacock, Yuh Nung Jan, and Lily Yeh Jan

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4914-4919; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090092797
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    A decamer duplication in the 3′ region of the BRI gene originates an amyloid peptide that is associated with dementia in a Danish kindred

    Ruben Vidal, Tamas Révész, Agueda Rostagno, Eugene Kim, Janice L. Holton, Toke Bek, Marie Bojsen-Møller, Hans Braendgaard, Gordon Plant, Jorge Ghiso, and Blas Frangione

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4920-4925; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080076097
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    d-Serine is an endogenous ligand for the glycine site of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor

    Jean-Pierre Mothet, Angèle T. Parent, Herman Wolosker, Roscoe O. Brady Jr., David J. Linden, Christopher D. Ferris, Michael A. Rogawski, and Solomon H. Snyder

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4926-4931; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4926
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    Brain size does not predict general cognitive ability within families

    P. Thomas Schoenemann, Thomas F. Budinger, Vincent M. Sarich, and William S.-Y. Wang

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4932-4937; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4932
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    A synthetic agonist at the orphanin FQ/nociceptin receptor ORL1: Anxiolytic profile in the rat

    François Jenck, Juergen Wichmann, Frank M. Dautzenberg, Jean-Luc Moreau, Abdel M. Ouagazzal, James R. Martin, Kenneth Lundstrom, Andrea M. Cesura, Sonia M. Poli, Stephan Roever, Sabine Kolczewski, Geo Adam, and Gavin Kilpatrick

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4938-4943; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.090514397

• Pharmacology

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    Potent blockade of sodium channels and protection of brain tissue from ischemia by BIII 890 CL

    Adrian J. Carter, Matthias Grauert, Uwe Pschorn, Wolf Dietrich Bechtel, Christina Bartmann-Lindholm, Yusheng Qu, Todd Scheuer, William A. Catterall, and Thomas Weiser

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4944-4949; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.040577097

• Physiology

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    Elevated subsarcolemmal Ca²⁺ in mdx mouse skeletal muscle fibers detected with Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels

    Nora Mallouk, Vincent Jacquemond, and Bruno Allard

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4950-4955; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4950

• Plant Biology

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    The molecular physiology of heavy metal transport in the Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens

    Nicole S. Pence, Paul B. Larsen, Stephen D. Ebbs, Deborah L. D. Letham, Mitch M. Lasat, David F. Garvin, David Eide, and Leon V. Kochian

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4956-4960; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4956
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    A longevity assurance gene homolog of tomato mediates resistance to Alternaria alternata f. sp. lycopersici toxins and fumonisin B₁

    Bas F. Brandwagt, Laurent A. Mesbah, Frank L. W. Takken, Pascal L. Laurent, Tarcies J. A. Kneppers, Jacques Hille, and H. John J. Nijkamp

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4961-4966; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4961
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    Ca²⁺ channels at the plasma membrane of stomatal guard cells are activated by hyperpolarization and abscisic acid

    David W. A. Hamilton, Adrian Hills, Barbara Köhler, and Michael R. Blatt

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4967-4972; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080068897
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    Toc34 is a preprotein receptor regulated by GTP and phosphorylation

    Natalia Sveshnikova, Jürgen Soll, and Enrico Schleiff

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4973-4978; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.080491597
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    Conserved plant genes with similarity to mammalian de novo DNA methyltransferases

    Xiaofeng Cao, Nathan M. Springer, Michael G. Muszynski, Ronald L. Phillips, Shawn Kaeppler, and Steven E. Jacobsen

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4979-4984; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4979
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    Specific and heritable genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Arabidopsis thaliana

    Chiou-Fen Chuang and Elliot M. Meyerowitz

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4985-4990; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.060034297
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    Cadmium and iron transport by members of a plant metal transporter family in Arabidopsis with homology to Nramp genes

    Sébastien Thomine, Rongchen Wang, John M. Ward, Nigel M. Crawford, and Julian I. Schroeder

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4991-4996; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4991

• Psychology

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    Some transformations of color information from lateral geniculate nucleus to striate cortex

    Russell L. De Valois, Nicolas P. Cottaris, Sylvia D. Elfar, Luke E. Mahon, and J. Anthony Wilson

    PNAS April 25, 2000 97 (9) 4997-5002; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.97.9.4997