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Research Article

The earliest archaeological maize (Zea mays L.) from highland Mexico: New accelerator mass spectrometry dates and their implications

D. R. Piperno and K. V. Flannery
PNAS February 13, 2001 98 (4) 2101-2103; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.98.4.2101
D. R. Piperno
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K. V. Flannery
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  1. Contributed by K. V. Flannery

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Abstract

Accelerator mass spectrometry age determinations of maize cobs (Zea mays L.) from Guilá Naquitz Cave in Oaxaca, Mexico, produced dates of 5,400 carbon-14 years before the present (about 6,250 calendar years ago), making those cobs the oldest in the Americas. Macrofossils and phytoliths characteristic of wild and domesticated Zea fruits are absent from older strata from the site, although Zea pollen has previously been identified from those levels. These results, together with the modern geographical distribution of wild Zea mays, suggest that the cultural practices that led to Zea domestication probably occurred elsewhere in Mexico. Guilá Naquitz Cave has now yielded the earliest macrofossil evidence for the domestication of two major American crop plants, squash (Cucurbita pepo) and maize.

Footnotes

    • ↵† To whom reprint requests should be addressed. E-mail: pipernod{at}stri.org.

    • See commentary on page 1324.

    • Accepted November 21, 2000.
    • Copyright © 2001, The National Academy of Sciences
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    The earliest archaeological maize (Zea mays L.) from highland Mexico: New accelerator mass spectrometry dates and their implications
    D. R. Piperno, K. V. Flannery
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Feb 2001, 98 (4) 2101-2103; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.98.4.2101

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    The earliest archaeological maize (Zea mays L.) from highland Mexico: New accelerator mass spectrometry dates and their implications
    D. R. Piperno, K. V. Flannery
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Feb 2001, 98 (4) 2101-2103; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.98.4.2101
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