Electronic sensor and actuator webs for large-area complex geometry cardiac mapping and therapy
Edited by Kevin Kit Parker, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, and accepted by the Editorial Board October 17, 2012 (received for review April 7, 2012)
Abstract
Curved surfaces, complex geometries, and time-dynamic deformations of the heart create challenges in establishing intimate, nonconstraining interfaces between cardiac structures and medical devices or surgical tools, particularly over large areas. We constructed large area designs for diagnostic and therapeutic stretchable sensor and actuator webs that conformally wrap the epicardium, establishing robust contact without sutures, mechanical fixtures, tapes, or surgical adhesives. These multifunctional web devices exploit open, mesh layouts and mount on thin, bio-resorbable sheets of silk to facilitate handling in a way that yields, after dissolution, exceptionally low mechanical moduli and thicknesses. In vivo studies in rabbit and pig animal models demonstrate the effectiveness of these device webs for measuring and spatially mapping temperature, electrophysiological signals, strain, and physical contact in sheet and balloon-based systems that also have the potential to deliver energy to perform localized tissue ablation.
Acknowledgments
We thank Roja Nunna and Nishan Subedi for implementation and testing of the data acquisition system, and Behrooz Dehdashti and members of the Sarver Heart Center for help with in vivo animal studies. This material is based on work conducted at the Materials Research Laboratory and Center for Microanalysis of Materials (DE-FG02-07ER46453) at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. This work was supported by the World Class University (WCU) program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R31-10013) and the Basic Science Research Program through the Korea National Research Foundation funded by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology Grant 2012R1A1A1004925. J.A.R. has received a National Security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship. N.L. receives support from the startup fund from the Cockrell School of Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin.
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Cover image: Pictured is a representation of the 3D structure of a synthetic nanoparticle made of DNA origami. Xiao-chen Bai et al. described the structure and constructed a highly accurate model of this densely packed DNA object. Studying the structure offers insights into the mechanisms by which DNA strands can self-assemble into complex building materials for nanotechnology. See the article by Bai et al. on pages 20012–20017. Image courtesy of Thomas G. Martin.
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Published online: November 12, 2012
Published in issue: December 4, 2012
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Acknowledgments
We thank Roja Nunna and Nishan Subedi for implementation and testing of the data acquisition system, and Behrooz Dehdashti and members of the Sarver Heart Center for help with in vivo animal studies. This material is based on work conducted at the Materials Research Laboratory and Center for Microanalysis of Materials (DE-FG02-07ER46453) at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. This work was supported by the World Class University (WCU) program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R31-10013) and the Basic Science Research Program through the Korea National Research Foundation funded by Ministry of Education, Science and Technology Grant 2012R1A1A1004925. J.A.R. has received a National Security Science and Engineering Faculty Fellowship. N.L. receives support from the startup fund from the Cockrell School of Engineering at the University of Texas at Austin.
Notes
This article is a PNAS Direct Submission. K.K.P. is a guest editor invited by the Editorial Board.
Authors
Competing Interests
Conflict of interest statement: R.G., M.J.S., and J.A.R. are co-founders of MC10 Inc.
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