The primary cilium of cholinergic neurons may be a linchpin in the progression of Parkinson’s Disease

September 17, 2024
121 (39) e2414226121
Research Article
Loss of primary cilia and dopaminergic neuroprotection in pathogenic LRRK2-driven and idiopathic Parkinson’s disease
Shahzad S. Khan, Ebsy Jaimon [...] Suzanne R. Pfeffer
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Acknowledgments

S.U. was supported by grant NIH T32GM136499 (PIs Ruth Stark and Mark Steinberg) and A.H.K. was supported by NIH NS095253 and NIH U54MD017979 (PI Maria Lima).

Author contributions

S.U. and A.H.K. wrote the paper.

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interest.

References

1
A. Barbeau, The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease: A new hypothesis. Can. Med. Assoc. J. 87, 802–807 (1962).
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S. S. Khan et al., Loss of primary cilia and dopaminergic neuroprotection in pathogenic LRRK2-driven and idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 121, e2402206121 (2024).
3
J. W. McKinley et al., Dopamine deficiency reduces striatal cholinergic interneuron function in models of Parkinson’s Disease. Neuron 103, 1056–1072.e6 (2019).
4
N. I. Bohnen, R. L. Albin, The cholinergic system and Parkinson disease. Behav. Brain Res. 221, 564–573 (2011).
5
J. M. Taymans et al., Perspective on the current state of the LRRK2 field. NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 9, 104 (2023).
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P. Mill, S. T. Christensen, L. B. Pedersen, Primary cilia as dynamic and diverse signalling hubs in development and disease. Nat. Rev. Genet. 24, 421–441 (2023).
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W. M. Yeshaw et al., Localization of PPM1H phosphatase tunes Parkinson’s disease-linked LRRK2 kinase-mediated Rab GTPase phosphorylation and ciliogenesis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 120, e2315171120 (2023).
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N. Y. Ahmed, R. Knowles, N. Dehorter, New insights into cholinergic neuron diversity. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 12, 204 (2019).
9
S. S. Khan et al., Pathogenic LRRK2 control of primary cilia and Hedgehog signaling in neurons and astrocytes of mouse brain. Elife 10, e67900 (2021).
10
Y. Zhang, P. A. Beachy, Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Hedgehog signalling. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 24, 668–687 (2023).
11
C. Ortega-de San Luis et al., Substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons and striatal interneurons are engaged in three parallel but interdependent postnatal neurotrophic circuits. Aging Cell 17, e12821 (2018).
12
L. Malave et al., Dopaminergic co-transmission with sonic hedgehog inhibits abnormal involuntary movements in models of Parkinson’s disease and L-Dopa induced dyskinesia. Commun. Biol. 4, 1071 (2021).

Information & Authors

Information

Published in

Go to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Vol. 121 | No. 39
September 24, 2024
PubMed: 39288184

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Submission history

Published online: September 17, 2024
Published in issue: September 24, 2024

Change history

September 30, 2024: Fig. 1 and the article text have been updated to address a production error. Previous version (September 17, 2024)

Acknowledgments

S.U. was supported by grant NIH T32GM136499 (PIs Ruth Stark and Mark Steinberg) and A.H.K. was supported by NIH NS095253 and NIH U54MD017979 (PI Maria Lima).
Author Contributions
S.U. and A.H.K. wrote the paper.
Competing Interests
The authors declare no competing interest.

Notes

See companion article, “Loss of primary cilia and dopaminergic neuroprotection in pathogenic LRRK2-driven and idiopathic Parkinson’s disease”, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2402206121.

Authors

Affiliations

City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate Center, Neuroscience Collaborative, New York, NY 10016
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, The City University of New York (CUNY) School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031
City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate Center, Neuroscience Collaborative, New York, NY 10016
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, The City University of New York (CUNY) School of Medicine, New York, NY 10031

Notes

1
To whom correspondence may be addressed. Email: [email protected].

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The primary cilium of cholinergic neurons may be a linchpin in the progression of Parkinson’s Disease
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
  • Vol. 121
  • No. 39

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